q-deformed su(2|2) boundary S-matrices via the ZF algebra

Beisert and Koroteev have recently found a bulk S-matrix corresponding to a q-deformation of the centrally-extended su(2|2) algebra of AdS/CFT. We formulate the associated Zamolodchikov-Faddeev algebra, using which we derive factorizable boundary S-matrices that generalize those of Hofman and Maldacena.Comment: 15 pages; v2: correct misplaced equation labe

Boundary energy of the open XXZ chain from new exact solutions

Bethe Ansatz solutions of the open spin-1/2 integrable XXZ quantum spin chain at roots of unity with nondiagonal boundary terms containing two free boundary parameters have recently been proposed. We use these solutions to compute the boundary energy (surface energy) in the thermodynamic limit.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX; amssymb, 3 figure

Characterizing 51 Eri b from 1 to 5 μm: A Partly Cloudy Exoplanet

We present spectrophotometry spanning 1–5 μm of 51 Eridani b, a 2–10 M_(Jup) planet discovered by the Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey. In this study, we present new K1 (1.90–2.19 μm) and K2 (2.10–2.40 μm) spectra taken with the Gemini Planet Imager as well as an updated L_P (3.76 μm) and new M_S (4.67 μm) photometry from the NIRC2 Narrow camera. The new data were combined with J (1.13–1.35 μm) and H (1.50–1.80 μm) spectra from the discovery epoch with the goal of better characterizing the planet properties. The 51 Eri b photometry is redder than field brown dwarfs as well as known young T-dwarfs with similar spectral type (between T4 and T8), and we propose that 51 Eri b might be in the process of undergoing the transition from L-type to T-type. We used two complementary atmosphere model grids including either deep iron/silicate clouds or sulfide/salt clouds in the photosphere, spanning a range of cloud properties, including fully cloudy, cloud-free, and patchy/intermediate-opacity clouds. The model fits suggest that 51 Eri b has an effective temperature ranging between 605 and 737 K, a solar metallicity, and a surface gravity of log(g) = 3.5–4.0 dex, and the atmosphere requires a patchy cloud atmosphere to model the spectral energy distribution (SED). From the model atmospheres, we infer a luminosity for the planet of −5.83 to −5.93 (log L/L_⊙), leaving 51 Eri b in the unique position of being one of the only directly imaged planets consistent with having formed via a cold-start scenario. Comparisons of the planet SED against warm-start models indicate that the planet luminosity is best reproduced by a planet formed via core accretion with a core mass between 15 and 127 M_⊕

Open-chain transfer matrices for AdS/CFT

We extend Sklyanin's construction of commuting open-chain transfer matrices to the SU(2|2) bulk and boundary S-matrices of AdS/CFT. Using the graded version of the S-matrices leads to a transfer matrix of particularly simple form. We also find an SU(1|1) boundary S-matrix which has one free boundary parameter.Comment: 11 pages; v2: reference adde

Exploring GeoHumanities and Post-Colonial Discourse: An Analysis of Assamese Geographical Space in the Poetry of Kamal Kumar Tanti

 GeoHumanities, as an emerging field of study, focuses on exploring the multifaceted intersections between space, society, culture, and human experiences. In the realm of artistic expression, various art forms like literature, painting, and sculpture often find resonance with specific geographic landscapes. This article delves into the socio-cultural implications of British Colonial rule in India, particularly in the North-Eastern regions, where widespread tension and social unrest ensued. Colonial policies led to the displacement of Indigenous communities from their ancestral lands, forcing them into labor-intensive tea gardens. Over time, the distinctive tribal identities of these communities gradually eroded as they assimilated into dominant cultural narratives within their new geographic contexts. The study centers around the poems of Kamal Kumar Tanti, whose works vividly capture the struggles and transformations faced by these communities in the aftermath of colonialism. Shalim M. Hussain’s translation of Tanti’s work, published as Post-Colonial Poems (2019), serves as the primary focus of this research. By employing a humanistic approach, this study seeks to analyze the profound impact of geographical spaces on the experiences, conflicts, and disruptions faced by the Assamese community in the North-Eastern region. Through an exploration of Tanti’s poems, this research aims to shed light on the complex dynamics between cultural identities and new geographic spaces. The findings will contribute to a deeper understanding of the loss of tribal characteristics experienced by these communities and the challenges they encounter while assimilating into new cultural environments. Ultimately, this study underscores the significance of GeoHumanities in illuminating the intricate relationships between space, culture, and human existence, particularly in post-colonial contexts.&nbsp

Differences in the Prevalence of Non-Communicable Disease between Slum Dwellers and the General Population in a Large Urban Area in Brazil.

Residents of urban slums are at greater risk for disease than their non-slum dwelling urban counterparts. We sought to contrast the prevalences of selected non-communicable diseases (NCDs) between Brazilian adults living in a slum and the general population of the same city, by comparing the age and sex-standardized prevalences of selected NCDs from a 2010 survey in Pau da Lima, Salvador Brazil, with a 2010 national population-based telephone survey. NCD prevalences in both populations were similar for hypertension (23.6% (95% CI 20.9⁻26.4) and 22.9% (21.2⁻24.6), respectively) and for dyslipidemia (22.7% (19.8⁻25.5) and 21.5% (19.7⁻23.4)). Slum residents had higher prevalences of diabetes mellitus (10.1% (7.9⁻12.3)) and of overweight/obesity (46.5% (43.1⁻49.9)), compared to 5.2% (4.2⁻6.1) and 40.6% (38.5⁻42.8) of the general population in Salvador. Fourteen percent (14.5% (12.1⁻17.0)) of slum residents smoked cigarettes compared to 8.3% (7.1⁻9.5) of the general population in Salvador. The national telephone survey underestimated the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity, and smoking in the slum population, likely in part due to differential sampling inside and outside of slums. Further research and targeted policies are needed to mitigate these inequalities, which could have significant economic and social impacts on slum residents and their communities

Dendritic dynamics in vivo change during neuronal maturation

In vivo imaging of optic tectal neurons in the intact Xenopus tadpole permits direct observation of the structural dynamics that occur during dendritic arbor formation. Based on images of single DiI-labeled neurons collected at daily intervals over a period of 6 d, we divided tectal cell development into three phases according to the total length of the dendritic arbor. During phase 1, the cell differentiates from a neuroepithelial cell type and extends an axon out of the tectum. The total dendritic branch length (TDBL) is 400 micrometers, the dendritic arbor grows slowly and appears stable. Neurons at different positions along the rostrocaudal developmental axis of the tectum were imaged at 2 hr intervals over 6 hr and at 24 hr intervals over several days. Images collected at 2 hr intervals were analyzed to determine rates of branch additions and retractions. Morphologically complex, phase 3 neurons show half the rate of branch additions and retractions as phase 2 neurons. Therefore, rapidly growing neurons have dynamic dendritic arbors, and slower-growing neurons are structurally stable. The change in growth rate and dendritic arbor dynamics from phase 2 to phase 3 correlates with the developmental increase in synaptic strength in neurons located along the rostrocaudal tectal axis. The data are consistent with the idea that strong synaptic inputs stabilize dendritic arbor structures and that weaker synaptic inputs are permissive for a greater degree of dynamic rearrangements and a faster growth rate in the dendritic arbor

Management of benign inverted sinonasal papilloma avoiding external approaches

Even though endoscopic removal of inverted papillomas has gained popularity, many studies advocate supplementary external approaches. The impact of including the current surgical staging system into the pre-operative clinical and radiological assessment has not been systematically evaluated. We present our experience with total endoscopic management of inverted papillomas and compare the accuracy of the pre-operative predicted extent of surgery, with the actually performed surgery. From 1997 to 2005 data from 51 patients with inverted papillomas were prospectively collected and subsequently reviewed. All have been operated on endoscopically without an external approach. The overall recurrence rate was 3.9 per cent. Pre-operative prediction of extent of surgery was accurate in 26 of 51 (51 per cent). The main reasons for the inaccurate pre-operative prediction were the variable sizes and locations of the inverted papilloma bases, particularly in the maxillary sinus and the frontal recess. Our results encourage us to recommend endoscopic management as the standard treatment of benign inverted papillomas

Motion transduction with thermo-mechanically squeezed graphene resonator modes

There is a recent surge of interest in amplification and detection of tiny motion in the growing field of opto- and electromechanics. Here, we demonstrate widely tunable, broad bandwidth, and high gain all-mechanical motion amplifiers based on graphene/silicon nitride (SiNx) hybrids. In these devices, a tiny motion of a large-area SiNx membrane is transduced to a much larger motion in a graphene drum resonator coupled to SiNx. Furthermore, the thermal noise of graphene is reduced (squeezed) through parametric tension modulation. The parameters of the amplifier are measured by photothermally actuating SiNx and interferometrically detecting graphene displacement. We obtain a displacement power gain of 38 dB and demonstrate 4.7 dB of squeezing, resulting in a detection sensitivity of 3.8 [...], close to the thermal noise limit of SiNx