1,673 research outputs found
Chern classes and extraspecial groups
The mod-p cohomology ring of the extraspecial p-group of exponent p is
studied for odd p. We investigate the subquotient ch(G) generated by Chern
classes modulo the nilradical. The subring of ch(G) generated by Chern classes
of one-dimensional representations was studied by Tezuka and Yagita. The
subring generated by the Chern classes of the faithful irreducible
representations is a polynomial algebra. We study the interplay between these
two families of generators, and obtain some relations between them
The integral cohomology rings of some p-groups
We determine the integral cohomology rings of an infinite family of p-groups,
for odd primes p, with cyclic derived subgroups. Our method involves embedding
the groups in a compact Lie group of dimension one, and was suggested by P H
Kropholler and J Huebschmann
Association Between Early Hyperoxia Exposure After Resuscitation From Cardiac Arrest and Neurological Disability: Prospective Multicenter Protocol-Directed Cohort Study
BACKGROUND:
Studies examining the association between hyperoxia exposure after resuscitation from cardiac arrest and clinical outcomes have reported conflicting results. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that early postresuscitation hyperoxia is associated with poor neurological outcome.
METHODS:
This was a multicenter prospective cohort study. We included adult patients with cardiac arrest who were mechanically ventilated and received targeted temperature management after return of spontaneous circulation. We excluded patients with cardiac arrest caused by trauma or sepsis. Per protocol, partial pressure of arterial oxygen (Pao2) was measured at 1 and 6 hours after return of spontaneous circulation. Hyperoxia was defined as a Pao2 >300 mm Hg during the initial 6 hours after return of spontaneous circulation. The primary outcome was poor neurological function at hospital discharge, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score >3. Multivariable generalized linear regression with a log link was used to test the association between Pao2 and poor neurological outcome. To assess whether there was an association between other supranormal Pao2 levels and poor neurological outcome, we used other Pao2 cut points to define hyperoxia (ie, 100, 150, 200, 250, 350, 400 mm Hg).
RESULTS:
Of the 280 patients included, 105 (38%) had exposure to hyperoxia. Poor neurological function at hospital discharge occurred in 70% of patients in the entire cohort and in 77% versus 65% among patients with versus without exposure to hyperoxia respectively (absolute risk difference, 12%; 95% confidence interval, 1-23). Hyperoxia was independently associated with poor neurological function (relative risk, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.35). On multivariable analysis, a 1-hour-longer duration of hyperoxia exposure was associated with a 3% increase in risk of poor neurological outcome (relative risk, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.05). We found that the association with poor neurological outcome began at ≥300 mm Hg.
CONCLUSIONS:
Early hyperoxia exposure after resuscitation from cardiac arrest was independently associated with poor neurological function at hospital discharge
Innovative interstellar explorer
An interstellar "precursor" mission has been under discussion in the scientific community for at least 30 years. Fundamental scientific questions about the interaction of the Sun with the interstellar medium can only be answered with in situ measurements that such a mission can provide. The Innovative Interstellar Explorer (IIE) and its use of Radioisotope Electric Propulsion (REP) is being studied under a NASA "Vision Mission" grant. Speed is provided by a combination of a high-energy launch, using current launch vehicle technology, a Jupiter gravity assist, and long-term, low-thrust, continuous acceleration provided by an ion thruster running off electricity provided by advanced radioisotope electric generators. A payload of ten instruments with an aggregate mass of ~35 kg and requiring ~30 W has been carefully chosen to address the compelling science questions. The nominal 20-day launch window opens on 22 October 2014 followed by a Jupiter gravity assist on 5 February 2016. The REP system accelerates the spacecraft to a "burnout" speed of 7.8 AU per year at 104 AU on 13 October 2032 (Voyager 1's current speed is ~3.6 AU/yr). The spacecraft will return at least 500 bits per second from at least 200 AU ~30 years after launch. Additional (backup) launch opportunities occur every 13 months to early 2018. In addition to addressing basic heliospheric science, the mission will ensure continued information on the far-heliospheric galactic cosmic ray population after the Voyagers have fallen silent and as the era of human Mars exploration begins
New Tetrahedral Global Minimum for the 98-atom Lennard-Jones Cluster
A new atomic cluster structure corresponding to the global minimum of the
98-atom Lennard-Jones cluster has been found using a variant of the
basin-hopping global optimization algorithm. The new structure has an unusual
tetrahedral symmetry with an energy of -543.665361, which is 0.022404 lower
than the previous putative global minimum. The new LJ_98 structure is of
particular interest because its tetrahedral symmetry establishes it as one of
only three types of exceptions to the general pattern of icosahedral structural
motifs for optimal LJ microclusters. Similar to the other exceptions the global
minimum is difficult to find because it is at the bottom of a narrow funnel
which only becomes thermodynamically most stable at low temperature.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, revte
Thermodynamics of C incorporation on Si(100) from ab initio calculations
We study the thermodynamics of C incorporation on Si(100), a system where
strain and chemical effects are both important. Our analysis is based on
first-principles atomistic calculations to obtain the important lowest energy
structures, and a classical effective Hamiltonian which is employed to
represent the long-range strain effects and incorporate the thermodynamic
aspects. We determine the equilibrium phase diagram in temperature and C
chemical potential, which allows us to predict the mesoscopic structure of the
system that should be observed under experimentally relevant conditions.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
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