Oral Intake of Sardinella Longiceps Oil the Decrease of Tnf-? and Il-6 Levels in Atherosclerotic Wistar Rat

Lifestyle changes to consumption of variegated instant food may be associated several heath hazards, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and atheroschlerosis. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of orally administered Sardinella longiceps oil as an anti inflammatory agent on the serum levels of TNF-? and IL-6 considered as biomarkers for atherosclerosis.The study design is an true experimental with randomized pretest and posttest control group design, using 50 Wistar rat equaly divided into 5 groups, i.e. placebo control group 0% and 4 treatment groups each treated daily with 10%, 15 %, 20 % and 25 % fish oil respectively for 6 weeks. Before the treatment was started, all rats were orally fed daily with a high cholesterol diet for 13 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. Our study showed that the intake of 20% fish oil had resulted in the significantly greatest decrease of 45,63 % in the TNF-? serum levels,from 28.62 ± 1.25 to 15.56 ± 7.20 ?g/mL and similar significant decrease 15,42% in of IL-6 serum levels from 134.64 ± 1.98 to 113.87 ± 4.30 ?g/mL. The overall results of our study seemed to imply than in the Wistar rats, oral intake of Sardfinella longiceps oils signifacantly decreased serum levels of TNF-? and IL-6 probably through their anti-inflamatory effects. Futher research to determin the magnitude of effects sardinella longiceps oils on the serum levels TNF-? and IL-6 human

Pengaruh Kompensasi Finansial Dan Kompensasi Non Finansial Terhadap Semangat Kerja Karyawan PT. BPR Mitra Bali Srisedana Mandiri Di Ubud

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial terhadap semangat kerja  karyawan pada BPR Mitra Bali Srisedana Mandiri di Ubud. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada BPR Mitra Bali Srisedana Ubud. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah  data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian sensus, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 130 karyawan. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah koefisien regresi linier berganda, koefisien determinasi, analisis statistic uji T dan analisis statistic uji F dengan bantuan komputer program SPSS version 23 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi nonfinansial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial dan simultan maupun secara parsial. Berdasarkan hasil analisis linier berganda, diperoleh bahwa Y=2,830+0,551X1+0,21X2. Koefisien determinasi D=63,6%, hal ini berarti bahwa besarnya kontribusi/sumbangan kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial adalah sebesar 63,6% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 36,4% dipergunakan oleh faktor lain yang dalam penelitian ini tidak dibahas. Berdasarkan analisis uji T diperoleh bahwa nilai T1 hitung sama dengan 14,247 dan nilai T2 hitung sama dengan 2,566 > T tabel = 1,6 maka Ho ditolak da Ha diterima artinya kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap semangat kerja karyawan pada PT. BPR Bali Srisedana Mandiri Ubud. Berdasarkan analisis uji F diperoleh bahwa F hitung = 110,756 lebih besar F tael = 3,10 maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini berarti bahwa kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap semangat kerja BPR Bali Srisedana Mandiri Ubud

Dampak Kerjasama ACFTA Terhadap Ekspor Karet Indonesia - China (2010-2011)

The purpose of this research is to discuss about the imppact of ACFTA cooperation toIndonesian rubber exports to China. This research will cofus on analysing the ASEAN-Chinafree trade agreement and their effect on the economy of Indonesian especially Indonsiandomestic industry. This research was analysed by using integration theory. Background ofthis economic integration theory was explained by Bela Balasa. The results of this research isto find out the impact of ACFTA cooperation exports rubber to China in 2010-2011.Wherethere has been a decline in Indonesian rubber exports to China. Additionally to find outaction of Indonesian government to protecting Indonesian rubber industry. Its doing with putoutside many wisdom on ACFTA cooperation to increased economic Indonesian.Keywords: ACFTA, rubber, Indonesia, Chin

Hubungan Mekanisme Cidera dan Usia dengan Nilai Gcs pada Pasien Cidera Kepala Diruang Igd Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Achmad Moctar Bukittinggi

Injury large role in determining the determining the severity of the patofisiological consequences of a head trauma. Accerelation injury occurs when a moving object hitting stationary head, as a result of blunt trauma or because the throw blunt. Le deceleration injury when the head which is relatively immobile such as automobile bodies or soil.The purpose of this study was to look at the factors that affect the value of GCS in patients with head injury in emergency rooms RSAM Bukittinggi year 2015. This study used a descriptive design Koleratif, namely a review of the situation between the two variables or groups of objects, independent dependent variable. With 41 respondents were taken by purposive sampling technique. Data collection is done by using a sheet of interviews conducted in August 2015. Based on the research note that the apparent mechanism of head injury patients in accelerated category (29.3%), deceleration (39.0%) and deformation (31.7%).By age of head injury patients seen in the adult category (39.0%), older adults (46.3%) and the elderly (14.6%). From the statistical test was obtained p = 0.003 (p = <0.05) means that there is a connection mechanism of injury with GCS score of head injury patients. From the statistical test obtained with the age of the patient GCS score of head injury by chi-square test obtained by value p = 0.004 (p = <0.05), meaning there is a relationship of age with a GCS score of head injury patients. From the results of this study concluded that there is a relationship between the mechanism of injury and age with a GCS score of head injury patients. Hopefully this research can be used as the field of research and service diruang ER nurse RSAM Bukittinggi to pay more attention to the value of GCS patients of head injury caused by acceleration, deceleration and deformation

Aqueous Extract of Purple Sweet Potato Tuber Increases Sod And Decreases VCAM-1 Expression By Increasing Nrf2 Expression In The Aortic Endothelia Of Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits

Aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tuber are supposed to prevent oxidative stress and protect endothelial function by unknown mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to prove the ability of purple sweet potato tuber aqueous extract in preventing oxidative stress through increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) via Nrf2 upregulation and decreasing VCAM-1 expression in rabbit aortic endothelium. This study was experimental laboratoric study, with randomized post-test only control group design. The rabbits were randomized into 3 groups (6 rabbits per group). The control group was treated with standard diet, treatment 1 was treated with high-cholesterol diet, and treatment 2 was treated with high-cholesterol diet plus aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tuber with the dose of 4 mL/kg bw/day. After 12 weeks of treatment, blood samples were obtained for the examination of SOD, MDA and total cholesterol level. The expression of Nrf2, SOD-2 and VCAM-1 in aortic endothelium was evaluated based on immunohistochemical methods. One-way ANOVA  test were applied in data analysis, followed by path analysis. The results demonstrated significantly decreased MDA and increased blood SOD level, accompanied by statistically-significant increase in SOD-2 and Nrf2 expression, and decrease of VCAM-1 expression in the treatment group 2 compared to treatment group 1 (p <0.05). It can be concluded that the purple sweet potato tuber aqueous extract prevents oxidative stress by increasing the expression of SOD-2, via Nrf2 protein up-regulation, resulting in decreased VCAM-1 expression in the aortic endothelia of high-cholesterol diet-fed rabbits. Keywords: Purple sweet potato, oxidative stress, SOD-2, Nrf2, VCAM-1, rabbit aort

Respon Pertumbuhan Stek Batang Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) pada Berbagai Ukuran Bahan dan Pemberian Monosodium Glutamat (MSG)

Gliricidia sepium merupakan tanaman yang memiliki banyak manfaat baik secara ekologi, ekonomi maupun sosial. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis respons pertumbuhan stek batang gamal (G. sepium) pada berbagai ukuran panjang bahan dan pemberian MSG, serta mengetahui ukuran panjang stek terbaik untuk gamal (G. sepium). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor, yaitu MSG dan ukuran bahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi pemberian MSG dan perbedaan ukuran bahan tidak berpengaruh nyata pada setiap parameter yang diuji. Perlakuan MSG secara tunggal juga tidak berpengaruh, sedangkan perlakuan perbedaan ukuran bahan secara tunggal berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter panjang tunas dan panjang akar. Stek batang G. sepium tumbuh optimal menggunakan panjang bahan 70 cm. Kata kunci : Gliricidia sepium, MSG, stek batang, ukuran bahanGamal (Gliricidia sepium) is a plant that has many benefit in several aspect including ecology, economic and social. The purpose of the study was to obtain the respon of gamal cuttings to the administration of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) and to obtain the best cuttings size. This research used a completely randomized design (CDR) with 2 factors, namely MSG and material size. The result showed that the interaction of MSG administration and differences in material size did not significantly affect each parameter tested. The treatment of MSG alone also had no effect, while treatment of differences in the size of the material significantly affected the parameters of shoot length and root length. Gamal stem cuttings has the best growth using 70 cm long material. Keywords: Gliricidia sepium, material size, MSG, stem cutting

ANALISIS PROTEIN, KALSIUM, NATRIUM DAN ORGANOLEPTIK SARDEN PINDANG TONGKOL DENGAN NITRIT DAN KITOSAN

Kandungan air ikan tongkol sangat tinggi, menyebabkan ikan lebih mudah membusuk. Pindang sebagai salah satu pengawetan ikan tongkol dengan metode penggaraman, masih ditemukan bakteri yang mampu hidup di lingkungan berkadar garam tinggi. Olahan menu sarden pada penelitian ini menggunakan pindang tongkol. Pengolahan pindang tongkol menjadi sarden menggunakan nitrit dan kitosan sebagai pengawet. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan kandungan protein, kalsium, natrium dan daya terima pada olahan sarden pindang tongkol dengan penambahan nitrit 0,01 mg dan kitosan (1,5%; 3%). Analisis kandungan protein menggunakan metode kjeldahl, untuk analisis kandungan kalsium dan natrium menggunakan metode spektrofotometer serapan atom. Hasil yang didapatkan kandungan protein tertinggi pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 24,36%, kandungan kalsium tertinggi pada kitosan 3% sebesar 75,53 mg/kg dan kandungan natrium tertinggi pada kitosan 1,5% sebesar 2047,0 mg/kg. Hasil uji organoleptik sarden pindang tongkol pada rasa, aroma dan warna memberikan hasil terbaik pada kitosan 3% sedangkan hasil uji organoleptik tekstur memberikan hasil terbaik pada kitosan 1,5%. Oleh karena itu, sarden pindang tongkol dengan kitosan dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengawet dan mengurangi penurunan nilai nutrisi.Kata kunci:  Kitosan; Nitrit; Nilai gizi; Pindang tongkol; Sarde

In Vitro ACE Inhibitory Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Aqueous Extract of Citrus amblycarpa

Citrus amblycarpa contain flavonoid-rich compounds and play important role in suppressing the conversion of angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE 1) to angiotensin-enzyme 2 (ACE 2). This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds in the lime peel extract and their ability as in vitro ACE inhibitor activity. The lime peel extract was obtained by boiling the dried peel and dried leaves for 7 min at 70oC. The bioactive compound of the peel and the leaves were compared. The total phenolic, quercetin, rutin, and GABA were further quantified using spectrophotometer UV vis. The aqueous extract of C. ambylcarpa peel showed a high concentration of phenolic, quercetin, rutin, and GABA than that of the leaves extract. Furthermore, the peel extract at low concentration (0.0001 g/mL) has high efficiency in inhibiting ACE activity up to 133%. It can be concluded that the peel of C. amblycarpa is a good candidate for the management of hypertension

HIGH RATIO OF MONOSIT: HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN AS A RISK FACTOR OFCHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION IN PATIENTS CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Objective: Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is frequently found in coronary heart disease (CHD) with multivessel lesions. Patients with CTO are associated with an increased mortality rate. Management CTO requires specialized techniques, more resource utilization, and high cost. The progression of atherosclerosis can be prevented by controlling for risk factors. Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) is one of the new biomarkers used to assess the incidence of a major adverse cardiovascular event, the severity of coronary lesions, and the incidence of in-stent restenosis. This study was aimed to determine the role of MHR levels as a risk factor for the occurrence of CTO in CAD patients. Methods: This research is a matched case–control located in Sanglah General Hospital from August 2017 until October 2017. This research consisted of 47 cases with CTO and 47 control without CTO. Case and control samples were adjusted by sex, age, and number of blood vessels involved in CAD. Results: The cutoff value of MHR was also determined by analyzing the receiver operating curve. The optimal cut off point was 14.33 with sensitivity 83% and specificity 80.9%. Bivariate analysis showed high MHR was found strongly associated with the risk of CTO in CHD patients with odds ratio (OR)=61; IK 95% (OR)=3.211–114.15; p≤0.001. Multivariate analysis showed that high levels of MHR were significantly associated with risk of CTO after other traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and smoking were controlled with OR=20,306; 95% IK (OR)=6.05–68.05; p≤0.001. Conclusion: High levels of MHR were significantly associated with the risk factor of CTO in CAD patients