252 research outputs found
Chemical modification of cholera toxin for characterization of antigenic receptor-binding and toxic sites
PHP22 EFFECTS OF DECENTRALIZED RESPONSIBILITY FOR COSTS OF OUTPATIENT PRESCRIPTION DRUGS ON THE PHARMACEUTICAL COST DEVELOPMENT IN SWEDEN
The insulin-like effect of growth hormone on insulin-like growth factor II receptors is opposed by cyclic AMP. Evidence for a common post-receptor pathway for growth hormone and insulin action
ELM triggering conditions for the integrated modeling of H-mode plasmas
Recent advances in the integrated modeling of ELMy H-mode plasmas are
presented. A model for the H-mode pedestal and for the triggering of ELMs
predicts the height, width, and shape of the H-mode pedestal and the frequency
and width of ELMs. Formation of the pedestal and the L-H transition is the
direct result of ExB flow shear suppression of anomalous transport. The
periodic ELM crashes are triggered by either the ballooning or peeling MHD
instabilities. The BALOO, DCON, and ELITE ideal MHD stability codes are used to
derive a new parametric expression for the peeling-ballooning threshold. The
new dependence for the peeling-ballooning threshold is implemented in the ASTRA
transport code. Results of integrated modeling of DIII-D like discharges are
presented and compared with experimental observations. The results from the
ideal MHD stability codes are compared with results from the resistive MHD
stability code NIMROD.Comment: 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004,
Nice (France
Crossing the Dripline to 11N Using Elastic Resonance Scattering
The level structure of the unbound nucleus 11N has been studied by 10C+p
elastic resonance scattering in inverse geometry with the LISE3 spectrometer at
GANIL, using a 10C beam with an energy of 9.0 MeV/u. An additional measurement
was done at the A1200 spectrometer at MSU. The excitation function above the
10C+p threshold has been determined up to 5 MeV. A potential-model analysis
revealed three resonance states at energies 1.27 (+0.18-0.05) MeV (Gamma=1.44
+-0.2 MeV), 2.01(+0.15-0.05) MeV, (Gamma=0.84 +-$0.2 MeV) and 3.75(+-0.05) MeV,
(Gamma=0.60 +-0.05 MeV) with the spin-parity assignments I(pi) =1/2+, 1/2- and
5/2+, respectively. Hence, 11N is shown to have a ground state parity inversion
completely analogous to its mirror partner, 11Be. A narrow resonance in the
excitation function at 4.33 (+-0.05) MeV was also observed and assigned
spin-parity 3/2-.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, twocolumn Accepted for publication in PR
Study of the unbound nucleus N-11 by elastic resonance scattering
4 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables.-- PACS nrs.: 21.10.Pc, 25.40.Ny, 27.20.+n.Resonances in the unbound nucleus N-11 have been studied, using the resonance scattering reaction C-10+p. The data give evidence for three states above the C-10+p threshold with energies 1.30, 2.04, and 3.72 MeV. These states can be interpreted, in a potential-model analysis, as the ground state and the first two excited states with spin-parity 1/2(+), 1/2(-), and 5/2(+) arising from the shell-model orbitals 1s(1/2), Op(1/2), and Od(5/2). A narrow state superposed on a broad structure found at higher energy could be interpreted as the mirror state of the 3/2(-) in Be-11 shifted down in energy. This shift would suggest a large radius of the potential.We acknowledge financial support from the European Community under Contract No. CHGE-CT94-0056 (Human Capital and Mobility, Access to the GANIL large scale facility) and from the Russian
Foundation RFFI.Peer reviewe
A complex scenario of tuberculosis transmission is revealed through genetic and epidemiological surveys in Porto
Tuberculosis (TB) incidence is decreasing worldwide and eradication is becoming plausible. In low-incidence countries, intervention on migrant populations is considered one of the most important strategies for elimination. However, such measures are inappropriate in European areas where TB is largely endemic, such as Porto in Portugal. We aim to understand transmission chains in Porto through a genetic characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and through a detailed epidemiological evaluation of cases.This work was developed under the scope of the project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013, supported by the Northern Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), and supported by contributions from Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway through the European Economic Area Grants under the Public Health Initiative programme, (PT06, Project 000138DT1). TR is supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through a post-doctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/108126/2015)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Periodic Active Case Finding for TB: When to Look?
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors influencing the performance and cost-efficacy of periodic rounds of active case finding (ACF) for TB. METHODS: A mathematical model of TB dynamics and periodic ACF (PACF) in the HIV era, simplified by assuming constant prevalence of latent TB infection, is analyzed for features that control intervention outcome, measured as cases averted and cases found. Explanatory variables include baseline TB incidence, interval between PACF rounds, and different routine and PACF case-detection rates among HIV-infected and uninfected TB cases. FINDINGS: PACF can be cost-saving over a 10 year time frame if the cost-per-round is lower than a threshold proportional to initial incidence and cost-per-case-treated. More cases are averted at higher baseline incidence rates, when more potent PACF strategies are used, intervals between PACF rounds are shorter, and when the ratio of HIV-negative to positive TB cases detected is higher. More costly approaches, e.g. radiographic screening, can be as cost-effective as less costly alternatives if PACF case-detection is higher and/or implementation less frequent. CONCLUSION: Periodic ACF can both improve control and save medium-term health care costs in high TB burden settings. Greater costs of highly effective PACF at frequent (e.g. yearly) intervals may be offset by higher numbers of cases averted in populations with high baseline TB incidence, higher prevalence of HIV-uninfected cases, higher costs per-case-treated, and more effective routine case-detection. Less intensive approaches may still be cost-neutral or cost-saving in populations lacking one or more of these key determinants
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