Aplicación de diseño factorial completo para la otpimización del medio de cultivo para la remoción de Cr(VI) por levaduras autóctonas

La contaminación con cromo aumenta incesantemente debido a la continua industrialización y al mal manejo de los residuos. Entre los distintos estados de oxidación, el Cr (VI) es el más tóxico debido a su carácter cancerígeno y mutagénico. La reducción microbiana de Cr(VI) ofrece una alternativa económicamente rentable y ecológicamente viable. Con el fin de reducir los costos operativos en un proceso a gran escala, se estudió la composición y concentración de los componentes del medio de cultivo. Se trabajó con un diseño estadístico del tipo factorial completo para optimizar la remoción de Cr(VI) (1 mM concentración inicial) a las 24 h con las levaduras Cyberlindnera jadinii M9 y Wickerhamomyces anomalus M10. Se estudió y modeló la interacción entre las variables: SO 4(NH4)2, CaCl2, NaCl e inóculo para M9, y: sacarosa, KHPO4 e inóculo, para M10. En ambas cepas se alcanzo la remoción total de Cr(VI) a las 24 h de cultivo. También, se evaluó la tendencia a la máxima remoción a las 12 h. La combinación óptima predicha se confirmó experimentalmente, alcanzando un máximo de 73,91% y 87,32% para M9 y M10, respectivamente. En el caso de M9, NaCl pudo ser excluido de la fórmula del medio de cultivo. La composición resultante del medio de cultivo optimizado para M9 es (en g/L): sacarosa, 60; KHPO 4, 1; extracto de levadura, 1; Mg(SO4)2, 0,5; SO4(NH4)2, 1,05; CaCl2 0,12; inóculo 20% y para M10 resultante es (en g/L): sacarosa, 90; KHPO4, 1,2; SO4(NH4)2, 1,2; extracto de levadura, 1; Mg(SO4)2, 0,5; CaCl2, 0,1; NaCl, 0,1; inóculo 20%. Estos resultados indican que un alto porcentaje de remoción de Cr(VI) puede alcanzarse en un corto tiempo de cultivo empleando un medio de simple composición, el cual podría usarse en el desarrollo de un proceso a gran escala.Fil: Cruz, Elías L.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Pablo Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Figueroa, L. I. C. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaXXXI Jornadas Científicas de la Asociación de Biología de TucumánTucumánArgentinaAsociación de Biología de Tucumá

Procedimiento Estimación Incertidumbre En Un Sistema De Medida Caso Magnetómetro Hall

En este trabajo se presenta un método para estimar el valor de incertidumbre asociada a la medida por un sistema de medición electrónico, como componente metrológico en el proceso de diseño y construcción de un sistema de medida genérico. En este caso especifico, para un magnetómetro Hall de precisión. El método usado es por comparación con un equipo patrón. También se determina el error en la medida aportado por los diferentes componentes del sistema de acondicionamiento en el sistema de medida. El procedimiento plantea un valor para la incertidumbre en la medida de campo magnético de 0.8 % y un error de 0.2 %. El error es aportado por los diferentes componentes del sistema de instrumentación

Procedimiento Estimación Incertidumbre En Un Sistema De Medida Caso Magnetómetro Hall

En este trabajo se presenta un método para estimar el valor de incertidumbre asociada a la medida por un sistema de medición electrónico, como componente metrológico en el proceso de diseño y construcción de un sistema de medida genérico. En este caso especifico, para un magnetómetro Hall de precisión. El método usado es por comparación con un equipo patrón. También se determina el error en la medida aportado por los diferentes componentes del sistema de acondicionamiento en el sistema de medida. El procedimiento plantea un valor para la incertidumbre en la medida de campo magnético de 0.8 % y un error de 0.2 %. El error es aportado por los diferentes componentes del sistema de instrumentación

Ianus: an Adpative FPGA Computer

Dedicated machines designed for specific computational algorithms can outperform conventional computers by several orders of magnitude. In this note we describe {\it Ianus}, a new generation FPGA based machine and its basic features: hardware integration and wide reprogrammability. Our goal is to build a machine that can fully exploit the performance potential of new generation FPGA devices. We also plan a software platform which simplifies its programming, in order to extend its intended range of application to a wide class of interesting and computationally demanding problems. The decision to develop a dedicated processor is a complex one, involving careful assessment of its performance lead, during its expected lifetime, over traditional computers, taking into account their performance increase, as predicted by Moore's law. We discuss this point in detail

Ventricular arrhythmias in patients with functional mitral regurgitation and implantable cardiac devices: implications of mitral valve repair with Mitraclip

Background: Limited information has been reported regarding the impact of percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) on ventricular arrhythmic (VA) burden. The aim of this study was to address the incidence of VA and appropriate antitachycardia implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) therapies before and after PMVR. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive patients with heart failure with reduce left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) grade 3+ or 4+ and an active ICD or cardiac resynchronizer who underwent PMVR in any of the eleven recruiting centers. Only patients with complete available device VA monitoring from one-year before to one year after PMVR were included. Baseline clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were collected before PMVR and at 12-months follow-up. Results: Ninety-three patients (68.2+/-10.9 years old, male 88.2%) were enrolled. PMVR was successfully performed in all patients and device success at discharge was 91.4%. At 12-month follow-up, we observed a significant reduction in mitral regurgitation severity, NT-proBNP and prevalence of severe pulmonary hypertension and severe kidney disease. Patients also referred a significant improvement in NYHA functional class and showed a non-significant trend to reserve left ventricular remodeling. After PMVR a significant decrease in the incidence of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) (5.0+/-17.8 vs. 2.7+/-13.5, P=0.002), sustained VT or ventricular fibrillation (0.9+/-2.5 vs. 0.5+/-2.9, P=0.012) and ICD antitachycardia therapies (2.5+/-12.0 vs. 0.9+/-5.0, P=0.033) were observed. Conclusions: PMVR was related to a reduction in arrhythmic burden and ICD therapies in our cohort

Assessment of Platelet REACtivity After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement : The REAC-TAVI Trial

The REAC-TAVI (Assessment of platelet REACtivity after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) trial enrolled patients with aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) pre-treated with aspirin + clopidogrel, aimed to compare the efficacy of clopidogrel and ticagrelor in suppressing high platelet reactivity (HPR) after TAVI. Current recommendations support short-term use of aspirin + clopidogrel for patients with severe AS undergoing TAVR despite the lack of compelling evidence. This was a prospective, randomized, multicenter investigation. Platelet reactivity was measured at 6 different time points with the VerifyNow assay (Accriva Diagnostics, San Diego, California). HPR was defined as (P2Y reaction units (PRU) ≥208. Patients with HPR before TAVR were randomized to either aspirin + ticagrelor or aspirin + clopidogrel for 3 months. Patients without HPR continued with aspirin + clopidogrel (registry cohort). The primary endpoint was non-HPR status (PRU <208) in ≥70% of patients treated with ticagrelor at 90 days post-TAVR. A total of 68 patients were included. Of these, 48 (71%) had HPR (PRU 273 ± 09) and were randomized to aspirin + ticagrelor (n = 24, PRU 277 ± 08) or continued with aspirin + clopidogrel (n = 24, PRU 269 ± 49). The remaining 20 patients (29%) without HPR (PRU 133 ± 12) were included in the registry. Overall, platelet reactivity across all the study time points after TAVR was lower in patients randomized to ticagrelor compared with those treated with clopidogrel, including those enrolled in the registry (p < 0.001). The primary endpoint was achieved in 100% of patients with ticagrelor compared with 21% with clopidogrel (p < 0.001). Interestingly, 33% of clopidogrel responder patients at baseline developed HPR status during the first month after TAVR. HPR to clopidogrel is present in a considerable number of patients with AS undergoing TAVR. Ticagrelor achieves a better and faster effect, providing sustained suppression of HPR to these patients. (Platelet Reactivity After TAVI: A Multicenter Pilot Study [REAC-TAVI]; NCT02224066

Temperature chaos is present in off-equilibrium spin-glass dynamics

Experiments featuring non-equilibrium glassy dynamics under temperature changes still await interpretation. There is a widespread feeling that temperature chaos (an extreme sensitivity of the glass to temperature changes) should play a major role but, up to now, this phenomenon has been investigated solely under equilibrium conditions. In fact, the very existence of a chaotic effect in the non-equilibrium dynamics is yet to be established. In this article, we tackle this problem through a large simulation of the 3D Edwards-Anderson model, carried out on the Janus II supercomputer. We find a dynamic effect that closely parallels equilibrium temperature chaos. This dynamic temperature-chaos effect is spatially heterogeneous to a large degree and turns out to be controlled by the spin-glass coherence length ¿. Indeed, an emerging length-scale ¿* rules the crossover from weak (at ¿ « ¿*) to strong chaos (¿ » ¿*). Extrapolations of ¿* to relevant experimental conditions are provided. © 2021, The Author(s)

Randomized crossover pharmacokinetic evaluation of subcutaneous versus intravenous granisetron in cancer patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy

BACKGROUND: 5-HT3-receptor antagonists are one of the mainstays of antiemetic treatment, and they are administered either i.v. or orally. Nevertheless, sometimes neither administration route is feasible, such as in patients unable to admit oral intake managed in an outpatient setting. Our objective was to evaluate the bioavailability of s.c. granisetron. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy were randomized to receive 3 mg of granisetron either s.c. or i.v. in a crossover manner during two cycles. Blood and urine samples were collected after each cycle. Pharmacokinetic parameters observed with each administration route were compared by analysis of variance. RESULTS: From May to November 2005, 31 patients were included and 25 were evaluable. Subcutaneous granisetron resulted in a 27% higher area under the concentration-time curve for 0-12 hours (AUC(0-12h)) and higher levels at 12 hours, with similar values for AUC(0-24h). The maximum concentration was lower with the s.c. than with the i.v. route and was observed 30 minutes following s.c. administration. CONCLUSION: Granisetron administered s.c. achieves complete bioavailability. This is the first study that shows that s.c. granisetron might be a valid alternative to i.v. delivery. Further trials to confirm clinical equivalence are warranted. This new route of administration might be especially relevant for outpatient management of emesis in cancer patients

A multiple health behaviour change intervention to prevent depression: A randomized controlled trial

Health behaviour; Major depressive disorders; Primary health care;Comportament de salut; Trastorns depressius majors; Atenció primària de salutComportamiento de salud; Trastornos depresivos mayores; Primeros auxiliosObjective: To examine the effectiveness of a 12-month MHBC intervention in the prevention of onset depression in primary health care (PHC). Methods: Twenty-two PHC centres took part in the cluster-randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized to receive either usual care or an MHBC intervention. The endpoints were onset of major depression and reduction of depressive symptoms in participants without baseline depression at a 12-month follow-up. Results: 2531 patients agreed and were eligible to participate. At baseline, around 43% were smokers, 82% were non-adherent to the Mediterranean diet and 55% did not perform enough physical activity. The intervention group exhibited a greater positive change in two or more behaviours (OR 1.75 [95%CI: 1.17 to 2.62]; p = 0.006); any behaviour (OR 1.58 [95%CI: 1.13 to 2.20]; p = 0.007); and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (OR 1.94 [95%CI: 1.29 to 2.94]; p = 0.002), while this increase was not statistically significant for smoking and physical activity. The intervention was not effective in preventing major depression (OR 1.17; [95% CI 0.53 to 2.59)]; p =0.690) or reducing depressive symptoms (Mean difference: 0.30; [95% CI -0.77 to 1.36]; p = 0.726) during follow-up. Conclusions: As compared to usual care, the MHBC intervention provided a non-significant reduction in the incidence of major depression