Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with COPD

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is beneficial for patients with COPD, with improvement in exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Despite these overall benefits, the responses to PR vary significantly among different individuals. It is not clear if PR is beneficial for patients with COPD and normal exercise capacity. Although it is believed that longer pulmonary rehabilitation programs can provide better results, most of the evidence comes from short-term programs. Objective: The objective of this analysis was to determine the effectiveness of respiratory services provided in the hospital or community by respiratory therapists (RTs) in reducing health care utilization and improving patient outcomes. The aim was to evaluate the outcomes of a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methodology: All 65 Pakistani patients who met the inclusion criteria with ages between 40 to 65 years, including both male and female, with mild to severe COPD were enrolled in the study on the basis of convenient sampling. Informed consent was taken from each patient starting about the study and their rights to withdraw from study. A demographics detail (name, age, sex) was noted along with the necessary medical history. A questionnaire was made to see the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD. All necessary tests were performed to evaluate the patient betterment completely. Results: The mean FEV1 in the subjects was 1.29 ± 0.47 L/min, 64.8 ± 23.0% of predicted. Clinically there is a little effect on CXR pattern, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC after pulmonary rehabilitation. But overall quality of life improved after pulmonary rehabilitation. Mainly improvement occurs in peak expiratory flow rate, BORG dyspnea scale, 6 mint walk test distance (meters) and Oxygen saturation after rehabilitation. Conclusion: These results showed that patients with COPD had benefited from a comprehensive PR program in an out-patient setting regardless of disease severity. Exercise training can result in significant improvement in health-related quality of life, exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength, and exertional dyspnea in subjects with COPD and normal exercise capacity

Di Ruteng Kabupaten Manggarai, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

Strategy is an action that has characteristic incremental (always increasing) a continuous, and is done based on point of view about something that is hoped by customers in the future. Happening of new market innovation speed and changing of customer pattern needs core competencies. This research was done in NV. Nusatenggara Trading Co. Ltd. Ruteng Flores Nusa Tenggara Timur, with the aims: (1) to identify internal factors (Strength and weakness), and external factors (opportunity and treat) in NV. NTC Ruteng Flores, (2) to know the position of NV NTC Ruteng with CV. Agape as main competitor, and (3) to conclude marketing strategy in NV. NTC, as one of action that has characteristic of incremental and is continuous to fulfill the hope from the customers of ground coffee which is resulted. The research shows that: (1) internal strength of NV. NTC Ruteng is experienced manager, good public perception, about the product, special favour an aroma, good product quality, the location of the factory is strategic, and distribution channel is smooth. The Weakness are employees professionalism is low, product price is not competitive, product promotion is low, packing has double logogram, marketing net is limited, and domestic market segment has not been optimal. Where as external opportunity is preference an income of customer, government policy, technology changing, economic growth is good, the amount of inhabitant is increasing, and local social cultural. The treats are competition, trade obstacle, fuel and electric rising, production cost is increasing, coffee negative impact for health. (2) Position of NV. NTC Ruteng is stronger than CV. Agape Ruteng as main competitor; (3) Strategy alternative that has the highest relative power of attraction which is recommended is intensive strategy as first sequence, integration is second one and that last one is diversification. This research result is hoped by NV. NTC Company can apply intensive strategy as main choice, and for continuation researchers can make this thesis as standing on based for making research which is related whit Flores Coffee perception, coffee impacts for health

The Addition and Subtraction Operations for two Continued Fractions

The continued fractions (C.F.) with positive non integer numerators are considered. The addition and  subtraction operations of two continued fractions are discovered. Many definitions and examples that we used of these low are presented

Photocatalytic Degradation of Textile Dye (ACID Red 114) from Aqueous Solution using Immobilized Tube Reactor

In this study the Photocatalytic degradation of textile dye (Acid Red 114) from aqueous solution has been investigated using immobilized nano TiO2 photocatalyst under UV light. Nano sized Titanium dioxide (TiO2) powder was synthesized by sol-gel method using titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) as the precursor. The prepared photocatalyst were characterized by scanning electron micrographs (SEM). The investigated nanoparticle of titanium dioxide was immobilized on Quartz surface using heat attachment method. Photocatalytic degradation experiments were carried in a circulation photo reactor with a 15 W UV lamp radiating around 365 nm. All the experiments were carried out as a function of irradiation time, pH, initial dye concentration, and Catalyst concentration. The optimum condition for AR 114 removal were found to be pH = 2, adsorbent dosage = 0.6 gm/l of solution and dye degradation equilibrium was rapidly attained after 80 minutes of the irradiation time and it was described by the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms over the entire concentration range from 20-100 mg/l. Adsorption data?s are used for modeling, from the first and second order kinetic equation

Variation of the ultraviolet extinction law across the Taurus-Auriga star forming complex. A GALEX based study

The Taurus-Auriga molecular complex (TMC) is the main laboratory for the study of low mass star formation. The density and properties of interstellar dust are expected to vary across the TMC. These variations trace important processes such as dust nucleation or the magnetic field coupling with the cloud. In this article, we show how the combination of near ultraviolet (NUV) and infrared (IR) photometry can be used to derive the strength of the 2175 \AA\ bump and thus any enhancement in the abundance of small dust grains and PAHs in the dust grains size distribution. This technique is applied to the envelope of the TMC, mapped by the GALEX All Sky Survey (AIS). UV and IR photometric data have been retrieved from the GALEX-AIS and the 2MASS catalogues. NUV and K-band star counts have been used to identify the areas in the cloud envelope where the 2175 \AA\ bump is weaker than in the diffuse ISM namely, the low column density extensions of L1495, L1498 and L1524 in Taurus, L1545, L1548, L1519, L1513 in Auriga and L1482-83 in the California region. This finding agrees with previous results on dust evolution derived from Spitzer data and suggests that dust grains begin to decouple from the environmental galactic magnetic field already in the envelope.Comment: Accepted in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societ

SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULIN PROFILE OF Trypanosoma congolense - INFECTED SHEEP IN RELATION TO PARASITAEMIA AND CHANGES IN CIRCULATING LEUCOCYTE AND ERYTHROCYTE MASS

Trypanosomiasis is a major problem in developing countries most especially Africa and the incriminating agents are T. congolense, T.vivax. T.brucei in small ruminants. It has high morbity  and mortality Rates of 70% and 20% respectively . The experimental animals were four Rams which were used as control and infected group, Parameters for this experiment were recorded before infection. Following inoculation with T.congolense, 2 mls of blood was collected from the sheep in vacutainers for serum biochemical assay. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to assay IGG and IGM concentrations and 1ml of blood was collected in vacutainers with anti coagulant to check leucocytic and erythrocytic index.This was done every day until day 6 and then every other day. Clinical signs observed post infection were , Anemia, Hematuria ,Rhinitis, dyspnea ,emaciation and paralysis of the fore and hind limbs and death .Statistical tables and charts were used for analyses. The  role of   Hypoprotenemia , IGG and IGM  in experimental infection with Trypanosoma congolense   were looked at. The anemia was Normocytic normochromic and later became Microcytic hypochromic, PCV Recorded on the first day prior to infection was 27%  and on the last day of  infection became 6% . Leucocytosis was Degenerative and Leucopenia was also observed Perhaps due to the antigenic nature of the parasite. On first day WBC count was 8.5 x109/L and Prior to death Leucocytosis of 6.1x 109 /L. Hypoproteneimia was also seen with Blood urea Nitrogen and Alanine aminotransferase falling to values below normal 55U/L and 155mg/dl respectively. There were also fluctuations in the values of IGG and IGM  with initial values of 1.4 and 0.71 µg/ML  and terminal values of 0.34 and 0.21 /L. The organs looked at Kidneys,Lungs,Heart and Liver were all in their initial stages of destruction , they were inflamed,edematous , congested and necrotic . Hypoprotenemia, , immune suppression,dyspnea ,Anemia and Leucopenia  may be the cause of death in Trypanosomiasis. Keywords:Leucopenea,Anemia,Trypanosoma,immunogobuins,Hypoprotenemia DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/11-6-06 Publication date:March 31st 202

On the radius of univalence of convex combinations of analytic functions

We consider for α>0, the convex combinations f(z)=(1−α)F(z)+αzF′(z), where F belongs to different subclasses of univalent functions and find the radius for which f is in the same class

Data report: diatom and silicoflagellate records of marine isotope Stages 25-27 at IODP Site U1387, Faro Drift

During Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 339, the shipboard micropaleontological studies of Site U1387 core catcher samples revealed the preservation of diatoms and radiolarians in specific depths from early Pleistocene age (900–1000 ka). To evaluate the ecological significance of those diatoms, we analyzed 98 samples from the intervals of 244 to 274 m along the corrected splice, corresponding to marine isotope Stage (MIS) 25 to MIS 29, for the abundance of diatoms and silicoflagellates. In 6 samples, the composition of the diatom assemblage was determined as well. Although most samples were barren of siliceous microfossils, the downcore record revealed two intervals, 249–252 corrected meters composite depth (cmcd) and 263–265 cmcd, where diatoms and silicoflagellates reach their maximum values. These maxima occurred from the MIS 26/25 transition to interglacial MIS 25, and again during early MIS 27. The diatom assemblage includes 27 identified taxa with Chaetoceros (Hyalochaete) resting spores being dominant and Thalassionema nitzschioides and Paralia sulcata significant. The Chaetoceros spores clearly indicate strong influence of seasonal upwelling and associated high primary productivity. Special to the diatom record is, however, the occurrence of the large-diameter (>125 µm) centric diatoms Coscinodiscus asteromphalus, Coscinodiscus apiculatus, and Coscinodiscus cf. gigas that imply incursions of low-nutrient, open-ocean water into the southern Portuguese coast during MIS 25.FCT: IF/01500/2014. Provided by PTCRIS: 130279. UIDB/04326/2020info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio