Determination of division algebras with 243 elements

Finite nonassociative division algebras (i.e., finite semifields) with 243 elements are completely classified.Comment: 6 pages, 3 table

Denomination of the Debt of the Chilean Government: A Risk Management Perspective

This paper proposes a framework to assess the convenience of the current public debt denomination of the Chilean Government, through its implications on fiscal budget risk management. A “Value at Risk” methodology is proposed to compare alternative denominations regarding currency and interest rate. This methodology computes the implicit volatility of the budget’s result considering both the variance of individual accounts, as well as their respective covariance, and permits to compare quantitatively the relative risk of different debt denominations. The exercise suggests that changing the current debt denomination in fixed interest payments to variable payments indexed to Libor or government bond rates would significantly reduce the volatility of fiscal results. If more recent correlations are considered in the exercise, the results also suggest reducing current currency denomination in US dollars towards a stronger position in euros. An additional analysis that considers the volatility of estimated correlations, however, recommends taking previous conclusions with caution.

La Psicología Colectiva de Maurice Halbwachs

El artículo a cuya lectura invita esta introducción puede ubicarse en el contexto de un conjunto de trabajos sobre la noción de Psicología colectiva que marcaron el trabajo de Maurice Halbwachs (1877-1945) desde sus primeros textos. No es, sin embargo, un texto sobre memoria. Ciertamente podemos encontrar el desarrollo más acabado de lo que implica una Psicología colectiva en los trabajos de Halbwachs sobre las relaciones entre memoria y sociedad. El mismo concepto de memoria colectiva queda perfectamente desarrollado en tres de sus principales obras: Los marcos sociales de la memoria (1925), recientemente traducida al castellano, la investigación sobre la memoria de los lugares evangélicos en Tierra Santa (La Topologie littéraire des Evangiles en Terre sainte, étude de mémoire collective (1941) y su obra póstuma La Memoria Colectiva (1950) de la cual se publicó una selección en el número 2 de esta misma revista

Low-power FSMs in FPGA: Encoding alternatives

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45716-X_36Proceedings of 12th International Workshop, PATMOS 2002 Seville, Spain, September 11–13, 2002In this paper, the problem of state encoding of FPGA-based synchronous finite state machines (FSMs) for low-power is addressed. Four codification schemes have been studied: First, the usual binary encoding and the One-Hot approach suggested by the FPGA vendor; then, a code that minimizes the output logic; finally, the so-called Two-Hot code strategy. FSMs of the MCNC and PREP benchmark suites have been analyzed. Main results show that binary state encoding fit well with small machines (up to 8 states), meanwhile One-Hot is better for large FSMs (over 16 states). A power saving of up to the 57% can be achieved selecting the appropriate encoding. An areapower correlation has been observed in spite of the circuit or encoding scheme. Thus, FSMs that make use of fewer resources are good candidates to consume less power.Ministry of Science of Spain, under Contract TIC2001-2688-C03-03, has supported this work. Additional funds have been obtained from Projects 658001 and 658004 of the Fundación General de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

Evaluating Labor Market Flexibility in Chile from an International Perspective

We rank Chile in terms of labor market flexibility among a group that includes both OECD and emerging economies. We use a performance-based indicator of labor-market flexibility based on the half life of unemployment responses to macroeconomic shocks. This indicator captures the cyclical behavior of the labor market and is obtained by estimating a structural VAR (SVAR). The SVAR is identified using long-run restrictions, which are based on a simple open-economy model with labor-market rigidity. We found that Korea, Hong Kong, Chile, US, and Mexico are the most flexible economies. At the other end, our index indicates that Germany, Sweden, Spain and Colombia are the most rigid labor markets.

Una memoria per a la promoció de l'Alt Urgell (1779)

-