Evidence and Violence: Factography Evolution from the Avant-garde to the Absurd and Camp Prose

This article focuses on the Russian literary avant-garde and its development in prison camp prose and documentary writing. These texts reflected an anthropological experience and response to oppression and violence in human society. In this context, it is possible to see how literature and art in general are able to change ourselves and our reality, rather than just to entertain, console and bring subjective satisfaction. The experience of alienated labor, interpreted as the experience of violence, was expressed by avant-gardists in exaggerated imagery in their works. Therefore, I propose to study the avant-garde in the context of the extreme experience of violence, in which the political and the poetic are sometimes entwined.   Keywords: avant-garde, camp prose, media-aesthetic, Soviet literature, violenc

Modern technologies for rendering information support to cogeneration steam turbine units in their design and operation stages

Application of modern information technologies in different stages of the lifecycle of cogeneration turbines is considered as one of possible ways for improving their competitiveness. Specific features relating to rendering information support for steam turbine units during the periods of their design and operation, which are the main stages of their life cycle, are presented. Three-dimension modeling, adaptive, and parametric design technologies are applied in the equipment design stages. Information support technologies developed by the authors are applied during the operation stage. Information is integrated by using a product lifecycle management (PLM) system. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

СОПОСТАВЛЕНИЕ СПОСОБОВ ПОДГОТОВКИ ПРОБ И КОРРЕКЦИИ МАТРИЧНЫХ ЭФФЕКТОВ ДЛЯ РЕНТГЕНОФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ОБЩЕГО ЖЕЛЕЗА И ПОРОДООБРАЗУЮЩИХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В ЖЕЛЕЗНЫХ РУДАХ

The genesis of deposits determines wide variations in the mineral and chemical composition of iron ores. It is necessary to determine the content of not only the main ore element (Fe), but also the main rock-forming elements, especially those that affect the quality of the product obtained from the ore (for example, P and Mn). When determining Fe, Mg, Al, Si, P, Ca, Ti, and Mn in iron ores by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, two common sample preparation techniques were compared: pressing powder samples on a boric acid substrate and homogenization of calcined sample by fusion with lithium tetraborate. For each method, the repeatability of the measurement of analytical lines was evaluated, calibration equations were constructed using certified reference materials of iron ores of various types and two methods for matrix effects correction (fundamental parameters and empirical intensities) were compared. Iron ores samples from the Korshunovskoye, Rudnogorskoye and Tatyaninskoye deposits of the Angarsk ore province (north of the Irkutsk region and southeast of the Krasnoyarsk Krai) were analyzed by the certified atomic absorption and spectrophotometric techniques, and the results were compared with those obtained by X-ray fluorescence analysis. For the main ore element (Fe) and some rock-forming elements (Mg, Al, Si, P) determination, the fusion technique provided a smaller error, however, both techniques could be used to determine Ca, Ti, and Mn. The choice of the sample preparation technique for wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of iron ores should be based on the appropriateness of the financial and labor costs and the necessary accuracy of the analysis.Keywords: wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, iron ores, rock-forming elements, borate glasses, matrix effects correctionDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.24.2.005Victor M. Chubarov1, Elena I. Borkhonova2, Alena A. Amosova1 1Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, SB RAS,1А Favorsky st., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation2Irkutsk State University, 1 Karl Marx st., Irkutsk 664003, Russian FederationГенезис месторождений определяет широкие вариации минерального и химического состава железных руд. При их изучении необходимо определение содержания не только основного рудного элемента (Fe), но также основных породообразующих элементов, особенно тех, присутствие которых влияет на качество получаемого из руды продукта (например, P и Mn). При определении Fe, Mg, Al, Si, P, Ca, Ti и Mn в железных рудах методом волнодисперсионного рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа сопоставлены два распространенных способа подготовки проб: прессование порошковых образцов на подложке из борной кислоты и гомогенизация прокаленного образца сплавлением с тетраборатом лития. Для каждого способа проведены оценки повторяемости измерения интенсивности аналитических линий, получены градуировочные уравнения с использованием стандартных образцов железных руд различных типов, применены два метода коррекции матричных эффектов (теоретический и эмпирический). Образцы железных руд месторождений Коршуновское, Рудногорское и Татьянинское Ангарской рудной провинции (север Иркутской области и юго-восток Красноярского края) были проанализированы аттестованными методиками атомно-абсорбционного и спектрофотометрического анализа, полученные результаты были сопоставлены с результатами рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа. При определении основного рудного элемента (Fe) и некоторых породообразующих элементов (Mg, Al, Si, P) способ сплавления обеспечивает меньшую погрешность, однако при определении Ca, Ti и Mn оба способа могут быть использованы. Выбор способа подготовки проб при волнодисперсионном рентгенофлуоресцентном анализе железных руд должен проводиться исходя из целесообразности финансовых и трудозатрат и необходимой точности анализа.Ключевые слова: волнодисперсионный рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ, железные руды, породообразующие элементы, боратные стекла, коррекция матричных эффектовDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.24.2.00

Sulfides of the Modern Kamchatka Hydrothermal Systems

ABSTRACT Sulfides pyrite, melnikovite-pyrite, marcasite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, cinnabar, coloradoite, metacinnabar are precipitating at the modern geothermal systems of Kamchatka: Kireunsky, Dvukhyurtochny and Apapel'sky in Central Kamchatka, Vilyuchinsky and Mutnovsky in Southern Kamchatka. Ore deposits are spatially associated with hydrothermal springs. Pyrite is the most common mineral precipitated at the discharge of hydrothermal style. It varies in mode of occurrence, size, inner structure, chemical composition and microstructure. Frequently pyrite occurs as framboids, idiomorphic crystals and their aggregates. By chemical composition, two varieties of pyrite are observed: homogeneous and heterogeneous. Heterogeneity of composition is due to impurities of As, Cu, Sb, Hg and Ag. Au as impurity in pyrite was relieved only in pyrite from Voinovsky hot springs in Southern Kamchatka. Cinnabar is the next most common occurring mineral at the modern hydrothermal systems in Kamchatka. Chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite and gold are rare minerals. The modern hydrothermal systems in Kamchatka provide the opportunity to study sulfide typomorphism and physico-chemical conditions of the deposition mechanism. We suppose that some of them are the elements of the long-life ore generating hydrothermal systems

Comparison of sample preparation techniques and matrix effects correction methods for X-ray fluorescence determination of total iron and rock-forming elements in iron ores

Генезис месторождений определяет широкие вариации минерального и химического состава железных руд. При их изучении необходимо определение содержания не только основного рудного элемента (Fe), но также основных породообразующих элементов, особенно тех, присутствие которых влияет на качество получаемого из руды продукта (например, P и Mn). При определении Fe, Mg, Al, Si, P, Ca, Ti и Mn в железных рудах методом волнодисперсионного рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа сопоставлены два распространенных способа подготовки проб: прессование порошковых образцов на подложке из борной кислоты и гомогенизация прокаленного образца сплавлением с тетраборатом лития. Для каждого способа проведены оценки повторяемости измерения интенсивности аналитических линий, получены градуировочные уравнения с использованием стандартных образцов железных руд различных типов, применены два метода коррекции матричных эффектов (теоретический и эмпирический). Образцы железных руд месторождений Коршуновское, Рудногорское и Татьянинское Ангарской рудной провинции (север Иркутской области и юго-восток Красноярского края) были проанализированы аттестованными методиками атомно-абсорбционного и спектрофотометрического анализа, полученные результаты были сопоставлены с результатами рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа. При определении основного рудного элемента (Fe) и некоторых породообразующих элементов (Mg, Al, Si, P) способ сплавления обеспечивает меньшую погрешность, однако при определении Ca, Ti и Mn оба способа могут быть использованы. Выбор способа подготовки проб при волнодисперсионном рентгенофлуоресцентном анализе железных руд должен проводиться исходя из целесообразности финансовых и трудозатрат и необходимой точности анализа.The genesis of deposits determines wide variations in the mineral and chemical composition of iron ores. It is necessary to determine the content of not only the main ore element (Fe), but also the main rock-forming elements, especially those that affect the quality of the product obtained from the ore (for example, P and Mn). When determining Fe, Mg, Al, Si, P, Ca, Ti, and Mn in iron ores by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, two common sample preparation techniques were compared: pressing powder samples on a boric acid substrate and homogenization of calcined sample by fusion with lithium tetraborate. For each method, the repeatability of the measurement of analytical lines was evaluated, calibration equations were constructed using certified reference materials of iron ores of various types and two methods for matrix effects correction (fundamental parameters and empirical intensities) were compared. Iron ores samples from the Korshunovskoye, Rudnogorskoye and Tatyaninskoye deposits of the Angarsk ore province (north of the Irkutsk region and southeast of the Krasnoyarsk Krai) were analyzed by the certified atomic absorption and spectrophotometric techniques, and the results were compared with those obtained by X-ray fluorescence analysis. For the main ore element (Fe) and some rock-forming elements (Mg, Al, Si, P) determination, the fusion technique provided a smaller error, however, both techniques could be used to determine Ca, Ti, and Mn. The choice of the sample preparation technique for wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of iron ores should be based on the appropriateness of the financial and labor costs and the necessary accuracy of the analysis.Исследования выполнены с использованием оборудования Центра коллективного пользования «Изотопно-геохимических исследований» ИГХ СО РАН при финансовой поддержке Российского Фонда Фундаментальных Исследований в рамках научного проекта № 18-33-20104.The research was performed using equipment of Isotope-geochemical research joint use center of` the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences’ and funded by Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research according to the research project № 18-33-20104

Characteristics of blood pressure level in children with different body weight

BACKGROUND: Essential arterial hypertension (AH) develops more often in children with accompanying risk factors — obesity, overweight, positive heredity and genetic predisposition.AIM: Study of peculiarities of arterial hypertension clinical course in adolescents with normal body weight, overweight and obesity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on children with arterial hypertension who received treatment in two hospitals in Voronezh in 2016–2020. A retrospective analysis of the children’s case histories was carried out taking into account the anamnesis, clinical laboratory and instrumental examination data and the pharmacotherapy. Some children underwent polymerase chain reaction genetic testing to determine pathological alleles of genes regulating blood pressure (BP).RESULTS: 96 patients aged 9 to 17 took part in the study. The group with normal body weight included 38 children (39.6%), median age 16.4 (aged 10.7; 17.9), with overweight — 33 people (34.4%), median age 15.2 (aged 12.0; 17.9), with obesity — 25 children (26.0%), median age 14.5 (aged 9.2; 17.9). Obese children developed arterial hypertension at earlier age (p = 0.023). According to blood pressure daily monitoring (BPDM), pathological values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) during the day (above the 95th percentile) among children with normal body weight were observed in 17 patients (44.7%), with excess body weight — in 14 people (42.4%), with obesity — in 16 people (64%), p = 0.031. Accurate difference values between the groups were obtained in terms of time index (TI) of SBP at night (p = 0.006). Time index of diastolic BP during the day > 50% was observed only in the obese children group — 4 people (16%) (p = 0.042). Pathological alleles of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT: 704 T>C), aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2: -344 C>T) and endothelial nitrogen synthase type 3 (NOS3: -786 T> C) were identified most frequently during genetic testing in some patients.CONCLUSION: Children with obesity developed earlier arterial hypertension compared to the same-age children with normal body weight and more often had unfavorable type of arterial hypertension according to BPDM. These results can be used to choose individual therapy and to develop special attention as regards certain target organs damage

On the contribution of the horizontal sea-bed displacements into the tsunami generation process

The main reason for the generation of tsunamis is the deformation of the bottom of the ocean caused by an underwater earthquake. Usually, only the vertical bottom motion is taken into account while the horizontal co-seismic displacements are neglected in the absence of landslides. In the present study we propose a methodology based on the well-known Okada solution to reconstruct in more details all components of the bottom coseismic displacements. Then, the sea-bed motion is coupled with a three-dimensional weakly nonlinear water wave solver which allows us to simulate a tsunami wave generation. We pay special attention to the evolution of kinetic and potential energies of the resulting wave while the contribution of the horizontal displacements into wave energy balance is also quantified. Such contribution of horizontal displacements to the tsunami generation has not been discussed before, and it is different from the existing approaches. The methods proposed in this study are illustrated on the July 17, 2006 Java tsunami and some more recent events.Comment: 30 pages; 14 figures. Accepted to Ocean Modelling. Other authors papers can be downloaded at http://www.lama.univ-savoie.fr/~dutykh

CENTRE OF ISOTOPIC AND GEOCHEMICAL RESEARCH (IGC SB RAS): CURRENT STATE OF MICRO- AND MACROANALYSIS

Centre of Isotopic and Geochemical Research based on the Analytical Department of Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS (Irkutsk) performs a wide range of analytical studies to solve mineralogical and petrological, geochemical, prospecting, ecological, paleoclimatic and applied problems. The studies are supported by the modern equipment for electron microprobe, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, atomic emission and mass spectrometric (including isotope) analyses, as well as the necessary international certified reference materials (SRM) and a collection of SRM of the natural and technogenic composition of our production

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДИК РЕНТГЕНОФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТНОГО СОСТАВА АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КЕРАМИКИ ИЗ МАЛЫХ НАВЕСОК

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (WDXRF) and total-reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis were applied to study the elemental composition of the Late Neolithic ancient ceramics collected at the Popovsky Lug burial site (Kachug, Upper Lena river, Russia). Semi-quantitative non-destructive analysis of ceramic pieces showed that measurements of the upper and lower sides of the ceramic are less informative than the measurement of its cut. Various sample preparation techniques for the low quantity of crushed ceramics such as fusion, pressing and preparation of suspensions were compared to preserve the material. Samples were prepared as 150 mg fused beads and 250 mg pressed pellets for WDXRF, and as suspensions of 20 mg sample based on the aqueous solution of the Triton X-100 surfactant for TXRF. Certified methods were used to validate the obtained contents of rock-forming oxides and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to confirm the results of trace elements determination. Based on the carried-out studies, a combination of the wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (glass) and total-reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (suspension) methods was chosen to obtain the data on the elemental bulk composition of archaeological ceramics. The proposed combination allowed the quantitative determination of Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Pb, and Ba from the sample of crushed ceramics weighing only about 170 mg.Keywords: wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis, ceramics, archeology, Popovsky Lug, Upper Lena River DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.25.1.001 G.V. Pashkova1,2, M.M. Mukhamedova1,2, V.M. Chubarov1,3, A.S. Maltsev1,4,A.A. Amosova3, E.I. Demonterova1, E.A. Mikheeva1, D.L. Shergin1,2,5, V.A. Pellinen1, A.V. Teten'kin1,4 1Institute of the Eatrh’s Crust, SB RAS, 128 Lermontov St., 640033, Irkutsk, Russian Federation2Irkutsk State University, 1 K. Marx St., 664003, Irkutsk, Russian Federation3Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, SB RAS, 1А Favorsky st., 664033, Irkutsk, Russian Federation4Irkutsk National Research Technical University, 83 Lermontov st., 664074, Irkutsk, Russian Federation5Irkutsk Regional Museum of Local Lore; 13 K. Marx st., 664003, Irkutsk, Russian FederationДля изучения элементного состава древней керамики эпохи позднего неолита стоянки-могильника Поповский Луг (район поселка Качуг, верховье реки Лены, Россия) использованы два варианта рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа: традиционный рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ с волновой дисперсией (WDXRF) и рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ с полным внешним отражением (TXRF). Приближенно-количественный анализ фрагментов керамики без измельчения показал, что измерения внешней и внутренней поверхности фрагментов керамики являются менее информативными, по сравнению с измерением ее среза. Апробированы способы подготовки проб, ориентированные на анализ малых навесок измельченной керамики с целью сохранения материала: сплавление, прессование и приготовление суспензий. Для WDXRF излучатели готовили в виде сплавленных стекол из 150 мг пробы, а также в виде прессованных таблеток из 250 мг пробы. Для проведения TXRF использовали суспензии из 20 мг пробы на основе водного раствора поверхностно-активного вещества Triton X-100. В качестве методик сравнения при определении породообразующих оксидов применяли аттестованные методики количественного химического анализа, при определении микроэлементов – метод масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой. Проведенные исследования показали, что для получения данных об элементном валовом составе археологической керамики предпочтительно использование комбинации методов WDXRF (стекло) и TXRF (суспензия). Предложенная схема позволяет проводить количественное определение Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Pb и Ba из навески измельченной керамики массой примерно 170 мг.Ключевые слова: рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ с волновой дисперсией, рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ с полным внешним отражением, керамика, археология, Поповский Луг, Верхняя ЛенаDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.25.1.00