Philosophical Puzzles Evade Empirical Evidence: Some Thoughts and Clarifications Regarding the Relation Between Brain Sciences and Philosophy of Mind

This chapter analyzes the relation between brain sciences and philosophy of mind, in order to clarify in what ways philosophy can contribute to neuroscience and neuroscience can contribute to philosophy. Especially since the 1980s and the emergence of “neurophilosophy”, more and more philosophers have been bringing home morals from neuroscience to settle philosophical issues. I mention examples from the problem of consciousness, philosophy of perception and the problem of free will, and I argue that such attempts are not successful in trying to settle questions like whether psychology can be reduced to neuroscience, whether we see the external world directly in perception, or whether we have free will. The failure results from an ability of the philosophical questions to evade the data. What makes these questions persisting philosophical questions is precisely that there is no way to settle them through empirical evidence, as they are conceptual questions and their solution lies in conceptual analysis

Maximum-order Complexity and Correlation Measures

We estimate the maximum-order complexity of a binary sequence in terms of its correlation measures. Roughly speaking, we show that any sequence with small correlation measure up to a sufficiently large order $k$ cannot have very small maximum-order complexity

Summary Statistics for Partitionings and Feature Allocations

Infinite mixture models are commonly used for clustering. One can sample from the posterior of mixture assignments by Monte Carlo methods or find its maximum a posteriori solution by optimization. However, in some problems the posterior is diffuse and it is hard to interpret the sampled partitionings. In this paper, we introduce novel statistics based on block sizes for representing sample sets of partitionings and feature allocations. We develop an element-based definition of entropy to quantify segmentation among their elements. Then we propose a simple algorithm called entropy agglomeration (EA) to summarize and visualize this information. Experiments on various infinite mixture posteriors as well as a feature allocation dataset demonstrate that the proposed statistics are useful in practice.Comment: Accepted to NIPS 2013: https://nips.cc/Conferences/2013/Program/event.php?ID=376

CVABS: Moving Object Segmentation with Common Vector Approach for Videos

Background modelling is a fundamental step for several real-time computer vision applications that requires security systems and monitoring. An accurate background model helps detecting activity of moving objects in the video. In this work, we have developed a new subspace based background modelling algorithm using the concept of Common Vector Approach with Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization. Once the background model that involves the common characteristic of different views corresponding to the same scene is acquired, a smart foreground detection and background updating procedure is applied based on dynamic control parameters. A variety of experiments is conducted on different problem types related to dynamic backgrounds. Several types of metrics are utilized as objective measures and the obtained visual results are judged subjectively. It was observed that the proposed method stands successfully for all problem types reported on CDNet2014 dataset by updating the background frames with a self-learning feedback mechanism.Comment: 12 Pages, 4 Figures, 1 Tabl

The relationship between learning style preferences and language achievement of EFL students in BUSEL

Ankara : Institute of Humanities and Letters of Bilkent University, 1994.Thesis (Master's) -- -Bilkent University, 1994.Includes bibliographical references leaves 56-59.This study aimed at identifying perceptual and social learning style preferences of EFL students at BUSEL in order to find out whether good and poor language learners had different learning style preferences. There were 100 participants; 70 language learners classified as good and 30 language learners classified as poor as determined by their end-of-term test scores. A Learning Style Preference Questionnaire developed by Reid (1987) was used to identify perceptual and social learning style preferences of participants. The results obtained from the Learning Style Preference Questionnaire indicated that good and poor language learners had different learning style preferences. Good language learners preferred a combination of perceptual learning styles and favored individual learning. However, poor language learners indicated no strong preference for any of the perceptual learning styles and preferred group learning. The difference between learning style preferences of good and poor language learners was tested by a Chisquare test. There were two questions. The first question was whether good and poor language learners had different learning style preferences. The statistical test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in their preference for perceptual learning styles (p. < .02281), and for group and individual learning (p_ < .05254) The second question was whether there was a relationship between the type of high school (public or private) students have graduated from and the learning style preferences of good and poor language learners. Statistical analysis did not indicate any statistical difference between the groups. The results of this study may help raise awareness of learning styles. This should lead teachers to consider planning activities and materials to accommodate classes consisting of students with various learning styles.Teziç, IşıkM.S

the cases of Mexico and Turkey

1\. Introduction 5 1.1 Why Mexico and Turkey and Their Incorporation into Regional Blocs? 7 1.2 Regionalization, Globalization, Institutional Change and Decoupling 9 2\. The EU Accession Process and Differential Impact in Turkey: Failed Dialogue, Empowered Organizations 10 2.1 Failed Europeanization in Social Dialogue: the Economic and Social Council in Turkey 12 2.2 Non-EU External Actors and Bilateral Coordination Platforms at Work 13 2.3 The EU and Partial Empowerment of Corporatist Organizations in Turkey 14 2.4 The EU and the Burgeoning-Polarized-Cohesion of Turkish Business 16 3\. NAFTA Accession and Changes in Social Dialogue in Mexico 18 3.1 NAFTA, Transnationalization and Mexico’s Decaying Corporatism: A Case for Nafta-ization or North- Americanization 18 3.2 Transnationalization, NAFTA, Changing Institutions and Organizational Landscape in Mexico 20 4\. Conclusion 22 References 25This working paper explores the processes in which accession to different regional blocs has affected the ways the state interacts with societal actors, along with the interest representation and mediation models in both member and accession countries. Focusing on Turkey and Mexico, two upper-middle-income countries situated on the fringes of major powers and integrated into the regional blocs led by those, the paper examines the differential impact of the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on the organization and mediation of business interests; the ways in which these interests are incorporated into policy-making; and the processes of social dialogue. Taking into consideration the fundamental differences between these two regionalisms, it looks into both direct and indirect mechanisms with respect to the influence of regional-level actors on domestic actors and institutions. Maintaining that the impact of regional blocs cannot be easily isolated from that of international, transnational actors and processes, the paper scrutinizes the respective roles of international actors and transnational networks which, at times, have become more influential than the regional blocs in bringing about major institutional changes at the domestic level. Thus, it sheds light on processes of comparative regionalization and their varying influences on distinct polities, which is usually combined and even furthered or, rather, obstructed by the influences of transnational, international and global forces, along with domestic actors and institutions

Cahit Arf ve alkış

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 357-Cahit Arf. Not: Gazetenin "Ankara Kulisi" köşesinde yayımlanmıştır.Unutma İstanbul projesi İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı'nın 2016 yılı "Yenilikçi ve Yaratıcı İstanbul Mali Destek Programı" kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Proje No: TR10/16/YNY/010

The street in Cemal Süreya’s poem

Cemal Süreyya, İkinci Yeni olarak bilinen şiir akımının öncü isimlerindendir. Bu akım, şiirde basitliği öne çıkaran, şairaneliği ve klasik şiir biçimlerini reddeden Garip akımına karşı bir tepki olarak ortaya çıkar. Garip akımı, sıradan ve alelade olanı şiirde işlemeyi bir öncelik olarak benimsemişti. İkinci Yeniciler ise sıradan olana fazla yer veren Garip akımının giderek şiiri sıradanlaştırdığını öne sürerler. Bu akım, daha sonra kapalı anlatımı esas alan imgesel söyleşiye ağırlık vererek yeni bir şiir anlayışını gündeme getirir. Bu şiir anlayışında, söz dizimi önemli ölçüde serbest çağrışımlar üzerine kurulur ve anlamı kolay kolay ele vermeyen kapalı bir dil kullanılır. Bu akımın önemli isimlerinden biri de Cemal Süreyya’dır (1931-1991). Bu çalışmada, şairin şiirlerinde sıklıkla yer verdiği‘sokak’ imgesi üzerinde duruldu.İmgeyi bir iç ses olarak gören şair, sokak imgesi üzerinden birçok farklı anlama ulaşır. Cemal Süreyya şiirinde ‘sokak’, genel olarak birçok farklı duyguya ev sahipliği yapan bir imge olarak karşımıza çıkar. Şair için sokak, özlenilen yaşamın sırrını içinde saklayan bir mekândır. Şair kederin olduğu kadar neşenin de adresi olarak sokakları işaret eder. Bu nedenle ‘sokak’ adeta sosyal hayatın bir laboratuarıdır. Çalışmamızda‘sokak’ imgesinin hangi benzetme kümeleri içinde ele alındığı, bu imgeye hangi anlamların yüklendiği gibi hususlar, şairin tüm şiirleri gözden geçirilerek incelendi.Cemal Süreyya is one of the pioneers of the poetry movement which is known the Second New. This movement occurs as an objection to Garip movement which rejects classical poetry style and put forwards simplicity in the poetry. According to Garip movement, it is important to handle ordinariness in the poetry. Unlikely, the Second New thinks that the poetry becomes simple due to Garip movement. This movement revives a new poetry understanding by concentrating on imaginary conversation based on closed wording. In this poetry understand, the syntax is substantially established on free connotation and a closed speech which does not easily address the meaning is used. One of the pioneers of this movement is Cemal Süreyya (1931-1991). In this paper, the stress is given to the ‘street’ which the poet used mostly in his poems. He reaches many different meanings through the street imagery. The ‘street’ in Cemal Süreyya’s poems occurs as an imagery which hosts many different feeling. For poet, the street is a place which hides the secret of missed life. The street is a place of joy as well as sorrow. That’s why; the street is a laboratory of social life. In this paper, cases, such as in which similitude groups the street image is handled and which meanings is referred to this imagery, are studied through the whole poems of the poet