Oral manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis, have important extraintestinal manifestations, notably in the oral cavity. These oral manifestations can constitute important clinical clues in the diagnosis and management of IBD, and include changes at the immune and bacterial levels. Aphthous ulcers, pyostomatitis vegetans, cobblestoning and gingivitis are important oral findings frequently observed in IBD patients. Their presentations vary considerably and might be well diagnosed and distinguished from other oral lesions. Infections, drug side effects, deficiencies in some nutrients and many other diseases involved with oral manifestations should also be taken into account. This article discusses the most recent findings on the oral manifestations of IBD with a focus on bacterial modulations and immune changes. It also includes an overview on options for management of the oral lesions of IBD

Platelet rich plasma following hysteroscopic adhesolysis: a randomized clinical trial

Background: Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) is an uncommon condition that occurs after endometrial trauma, still it affects many women seeking fertility. Hystroscopic adhesolysis is the standard management procedure for IUAs, yet many concerns arise about the incidence of recurrence. This study evaluates the efficacy of Platelet rich plasma in decreasing adhesion recurrence following hystroscopic adhesolysis of severe intrauterine adhesions.Methods: A prospective randomized clinical trial held in the Endoscopy Unit of Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. 160 women with grade-III intrauterine adhesions, according to American Fertility Society criteria, were randomized to either receiving 5ml platelet rich plasma injection into the uterine wall in the most affected parts of the endometrium and lining the uterine cavity by 5ml platelet rich plasma gel followed by intrauterine insertion of folley’s catheter balloon left for two weeks (study group), or only insertion of folley’s catheter balloon for two weeks with injection of placebo solution and using placebo gel (control group). Second look office hysteroscopy was performed 3 months post-operative to assess the grade of intrauterine adhesions. The primary outcome was the incidence of recurrence of intrauterine adhesions. Secondary outcomes were the post-operative improvement of menstrual duration and flow, and pregnancy rate within 1 year post-adhesolysis.Results: 70/81(86.4%) patients showed grade-I adhesions, 8/81 (9.9%) grade-II and 3/81 (3.7%) remained grade-III in the study group compared to 42/78 (53.8%) grade-I, 21/78 (26.9%) grade II and 15/78 (19.2%) grade-III in the control group (p<0.001).Conclusions: Platelet rich plasma shows better improvement of adhesion score, menses duration and menses amount following hystroscopic dissection of severe intrauterine adhesions

SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SACROCOCCYGEAL PILONIDAL SINUS WITH THE LIMBERG FLAP: REVIEW OF 81 CASES

Pilonidal sinus disease is a complex condition that causes both discomfort and embarassment to suffers. Direct cost through absence from work is high. Controversy still exists regarding the best surgical technique for its treatment in terms of minimizing disease recurrence and patient discomfort. Thus, we conducted this study to evaluate the results of rhomboid excision and Limberg flap reconstruction in the surgical treatment of pilonidal sinus disease. This prospective study included 81 patients who had pilonidal sinus and were treated by the rhomboid excision and Limberg flap. The mean follow-up was 18 months and all patients were satisfied with the procedure. There were lower complication rates, minimal discomfort, patients disharged in 2-3 days and only two recurrences. The Authors recommend the Limberg flap procedure for pilonidal sinus disease. It is effective, with short hospitalization, low recurrence rate and shorter time off work

Low platelet to lymphocyte ratio and high platelet distribution width have an inferior outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients

Introduction.  Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is an incurable disease of the elderly, characterised by gradual accu­mulation of small mature B lymphocytes which escape apoptosis through inflammatory signals from the microenviron­ment. Elevated inflammatory markers are associated with very poor prognosis in different types of cancer. Therefore, we examined retrospectively the impact of platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and platelet distribution width (PDW) on 180 CLL patients’ outcome. Materials and methods.  This retrospective study included 180 patients with CLL who were diagnosed and selected among cases referred to the Oncology Center Mansoura University between January 1st, 2008 and June 30th, 2016. All the relevant information was collected from the electronic medical records of the selected patients. Results.  Our results revealed that low PLR (&lt;2.5) was more frequently observed in patients with stage C (p &lt; 0.001), with 17p deletion (p = 0.017), and CD38 expression (p = 0.08), but not with seropositive HCV patients (p = 0.2). High PDW (≥18.5 fl) was more frequently associated with intention to treat population (p = 0.038), and CD38 expression (p = 0.068), but not with 17p deletion (p = 0.25) and seropositive HCV patients (p = 0.4). Multivariate analysis for overall survival showed that stage A and low PDW were independent factors for overall survival (p = 0.014 and 0.04 respectively), while high PLR (p = 0.05), and seronegative HCV patients (p = 0.1) lost their significance. Conclusion.  Our data showed that low PLR and high PDW were associated with poor prognostic markers. Stage C-CLL and high PDW were independent predictors of survival

Displacement cloud point extraction procedure for preconcentration of iron(III) in water and fruit samples prior to spectrophotometric determination

ABSTRACT. For the enrichment of iron(III) prior to spectrophotometric determination, displacement cloud point extraction (D-CPE) technique was applied depending on the difference in stability constant of metal complexes. Zinc(II) as gallic acid complex was first separated into a Triton X-100 surfactant. Then, once the aqueous phase has been removed, the sample containing Fe(III) is added, and another CPE process is performed. Because Fe-GA has a higher stability than Zn-GA, Fe(III) can displace Zn(II) from the pre-extracted Zn-GA, allowing for Fe(III) separation from the complex sample matrix and its spontaneous spectrophotometric determination at 560 nm. The effects of pH, ligand, and surfactant quantities, temperature and heating time, centrifuge processes, and interferences were all studied. At the optimal conditions, the calibration graph was linear from 0.5 to 500 µg L-1 with enrichment factor of 75.0. The LOD was 0.15 µg L-1 and the RSD was 1.3% for 60 µg L-1 of Fe(III), n = 10. Accuracy was also evaluated using the standard reference substance (SRS) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) approaches. This procedure was used for separation and micro-determination of Fe(III) in water and fruit tests (banana, strawberry, lemon, orange, and peaches) with recoveries ranged from 96.5 to 105%. &nbsp; KEY WORDS: Displacement cloud point extraction, Iron, Spectrophotometry, Fruit samples &nbsp; Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(1), 1-10.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i1.1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp

Immunolocalization of intermediate filaments in the kidney of the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Intermediate filaments belong to a large family of proteins which contribute to the formation of the cytoskeleton. The immunolocalization of cytoskeletal proteins has been used extensively in the diagnosis of various renal pathologies. The present study described the immunolocalization of the cytoskeletal proteins vimentin, desmin, smooth muscle actin, and cytokeratin 19 in the normal kidney of the dromedary camel. Kidney samples from eight adult camels were processed for histology and immunohistochemistry. The kidney was enclosed in a renal capsule composed of vimentin immunoreactive fibroblasts and smooth muscle actin immunoreactive smooth muscle cells. The smooth muscle cells in the renal capsule did not exhibit desmin immunoreactivity. Podocytes forming the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule were immunoreactive for vimentin. Immunoreactivity for vimentin and smooth muscle actin in the parietal layer of the glomerular capsule varied, with both reactive and non-reactive cells observed. Intraglomerular mesangial cells were immunoreactive for smooth muscle actin and desmin, but non-reactive to vimentin. The endothelial lining of blood vessels was vimentin immunoreactive, while smooth muscle actin and desmin were demonstrated in the smooth muscle cells of the vessels. The thin limbs of the loops of Henle in cortical nephrons displayed vimentin immunoreactivity. The proximal and distal convoluted tubules, as well as the collecting ducts were negative to vimentin, smooth muscle actin, desmin and cytokeratin 19 immunostaining. In conclusion, the present study has revealed that similarities and differences exist in the immunolocalization of cytoskeletal proteins in the camel when compared to other mammals. The presence of smooth muscle actin in the parietal cells of the glomerular capsule suggests a contractile function of these cells. The results of the study indicate that vimentin and smooth muscle actin can be used as markers for the identification of podocytes and intraglomerular mesangial cells, respectively, in the camel kidney.https://eurjanat.comhj2023Anatomy and Physiolog

African League Against Rheumatism (AFLAR) preliminary recommendations on the management of rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives To develop recommendations for the management of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A task force comprising of 25 rheumatologists from the 5 regions of the continent was formed and operated through a hub-and-spoke model with a central working committee (CWC) and 4 subgroups. The subgroups championed separate scopes of the clinical questions and formulated preliminary statements of recommendations which were processed centrally in the CWC. The CWC and each subgroup met by several virtual meetings, and two rounds of voting were conducted on the drafted statements of recommendations. Votes were online-delivered and recommendations were pruned down according to predefined criteria. Each statement was rated between 1 and 9 with 1–3, 4–6 and 7–9 representing disagreement, uncertainty and agreement, respectively. The levels of agreement on the statements were stratified as low, moderate or high according to the spread of votes. A statement was retired if it had a mean vote below 7 or a ‘low’ level of agreement. Results A total of 126 initial statements of recommendations were drafted, and these were reduced to 22 after the two rounds of voting. Conclusions The preliminary statements of recommendations will serve to guide the clinical practice of rheumatology across Africa amidst the changing practices and uncertainties in the current era of COVID-19. It is recognized that further updates to the recommendations will be needed as more evidence emerges

Криобиопсия в морфологической верификации центрального рака легких с некрозом

Background. The diagnostic yield of a standard forceps biopsy for central lung cancer is 74 %. However, the diagnostic value is significantly reduced in the presence of necrosis in the tumor. In Russia, cryobiopsy for central lung cancer diagnosis is currently used only in a few clinical centers.The purpose of this study is to present a series of clinical cases showing the effectiveness of the cryobiopsy method in the morphological verification of central neoplasms with necrosis.Description of clinical cases. The article presents 3 clinical cases of patients with central lung cancer, in which standard forceps biopsy was ineffective due to the presence of severe necrosis in the tumor. The cryobiopsy performed at the second stage made it possible in all cases to obtain a suffcient amount of morphological material for histological and immunohistochemical studies and to reconalize the lumens of the large bronchi.Conclusion. Cryobiopsy is an effective and safe method of morphological verification of central lung cancer, which has an advantage over standard forceps biopsy, especially in the presence of a visible necrotic component in the tumor structure. Актуальность. Диагностическая ценность стандартной щипцовой биопсии центрального рака легкого составляет 74 %. При этом информативность значительно снижается при наличии некроза в опухоли. В России на настоящий момент криобиопсия для диагностики центрального рака легкого применяется лишь в нескольких клинических центрах.Цель исследования – представить серию клинических случаев, показывающих эффективность метода криобиопсии в морфологической верификации центральных новообразований с некрозом.Описание клинических случаев. В статье представлены 3 клинических случая пациентов с центральным раком легкого, у которых стандартная щипцовая биопсия была неэффективна из-за наличия выраженного некроза в опухоли. Криобиопсия, выполненная на втором этапе обследования, позволила во всех случаях получить достаточное количество морфологического материала для гистологического и иммуногистохимического исследования и реканализировать просветы крупных бронхов.Заключение. Криобиопсия – эффективный и безопасный метод морфологической верификации центрального рака легкого, имеющий преимущества перед стандартной щипцовой биопсией, в особенности при наличии видимого некротического компонента в структуре опухоли

Nuclear Importation of Mariner Transposases among Eukaryotes: Motif Requirements and Homo-Protein Interactions

Mariner-like elements (MLEs) are widespread transposable elements in animal genomes. They have been divided into at least five sub-families with differing host ranges. We investigated whether the ability of transposases encoded by Mos1, Himar1 and Mcmar1 to be actively imported into nuclei varies between host belonging to different eukaryotic taxa. Our findings demonstrate that nuclear importation could restrict the host range of some MLEs in certain eukaryotic lineages, depending on their expression level. We then focused on the nuclear localization signal (NLS) in these proteins, and showed that the first 175 N-terminal residues in the three transposases were required for nuclear importation. We found that two components are involved in the nuclear importation of the Mos1 transposase: an SV40 NLS-like motif (position: aa 168 to 174), and a dimerization sub-domain located within the first 80 residues. Sequence analyses revealed that the dimerization moiety is conserved among MLE transposases, but the Himar1 and Mcmar1 transposases do not contain any conserved NLS motif. This suggests that other NLS-like motifs must intervene in these proteins. Finally, we showed that the over-expression of the Mos1 transposase prevents its nuclear importation in HeLa cells, due to the assembly of transposase aggregates in the cytoplasm

SAT0631 Inter-observer and intra-observer reliability of the omeract ultrasonographic (US) criteria for the diagnosis of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) at the metacarpal-phalangeal (MCP), wrist, acromion-clavicular (AC) and hip joints

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