Deaf Cultural Socialization: Exploring the Role of Parents in Deaf Cultural Identity Development

There is an assumption in the Deaf identity literature that suggests that parents’ hearing status determines the cultural identity and well-being of deaf and hard of hearing individuals. This dissertation challenges that assumption. It does so by proffering an alternative explanation of the role that parents play by introducing two forms of socialization as mechanisms through which parents influence their child’s cultural identity development and well-being. Deaf cultural socialization is the process by which parents transmit messages to children regarding the importance and meaning of Deaf culture and membership in the Deaf community. Minority status socialization is the process by which parents transmit messages to children regarding how to be successful as a deaf person in a Hearing world. Using social identity theory as a foundation and ethnic-racial socialization and identity research as a framework, this dissertation explores whether the associations between socialization and outcomes found in the ethnic-racial literature generalize to the Deaf culture. To explore this, 305 deaf and hard of hearing emerging adults from the United States completed an online survey consisting of two new measures of socialization (developed for this study), and measures of cultural identity, self-esteem, satisfaction with life, and depression/anxiety. Hearing and deaf parents engaged in socialization equally. Both Deaf cultural socialization and minority status socialization were strong predictors of cultural identity, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life, while controlling for parents’ hearing status, relationship with parents, and relevant demographic characteristics. Socialization did not predict depression/anxiety. Parents’ hearing status only predicted self-esteem. Therefore, the assumption in the literature overestimates the influence of parents’ hearing status while it underestimates the role of parents as agents of socialization in shaping cultural identity and well-being outcomes. Hearing parents, like transracially adoptive parents, promote identity development of an unshared culture through their socialization practices. More research is needed to address the gap in the literature by continuing to apply developmental theories, models, and measures to Deaf identity. Doing so will develop a more nuanced understanding of the Deaf cultural community and allow professionals to tailor services to support hearing parents as they raise a culturally different child

Sociological Patterns and Their Influence on the Transmission of Bilharziasis

A CAJM article on the Transmission of Bilharziasis in Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)Only in recent years has it been recognised that the behaviour of many organisms, including humans, is regulated to the extent that patterns may be described quantitatively, and that useful generalisations may be produced. The transmission of bilharziasis depends entirely upon human activities. Infection requires that humans seek out and contact water which contains snail vectors producing cercariae

Media Marginalization of Racial Minorities: Conspiracy Theorists in U.S. Ghettos and on the Arab Street

The epithet conspiracy theorist can be understood as what C. Wright Mills called a vocabulary of motive:\u27 This vocabulary of motive is routinely used to dismiss scholars, journalists, and citizens who question, or worse yet document, the consolidation or abuse of political, economic, and cultural resources. The micropolitics of the term conspiracy theory have become so intense that grassy knoll (a term relating to belief in conspiracy theories about the assassination of President Kennedy) and other terms have become shorthand for those who on the one hand wear tinfoil hats to protect themselves from government mind-control rays and for those on the other hand who don\u27t accept inside-the-Beltway wisdom

Design Ideas for the Victorian Releafing of Summit Avenue Parks, St. Paul, Minnesota.

Supported by the Ramsey Hill Association and through funding support of the Center for Community Studies by the Center for Urban and Regional Affairs and the College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, University of Minnesota

Does the Phrase “Conspiracy Theory” Matter?

Research on conspiracy theories has proliferated since 2016, in part due to the US election of President Trump, the COVID-19 pandemic, and increasingly threatening environmental conditions. In the rush to publication given these concerning social consequences, researchers have increasingly treated as definitive a 2016 paper by Michael Wood (Political Psychology, 37(5), 695–705, 2016) that concludes that the phrase “conspiracy theory” has no negative effect upon people’s willingness to endorse a claim. We revisit Wood’s findings and its (re)uptake in the recent literature. Is the label “conspiracy theory” a pejorative? If so, does it sway or affect people’s belief in specific claims of conspiracy (i.e. particular conspiracy theories), or is the effect one that concerns claims of conspiracy more generally (i.e. all conspiracy theories)? Through an examination of the conceptual and methodological scope of Wood’s work and the results of our similar quasi-experimental design, we argue that it is premature to suggest the label “conspiracy theory” has no impact on the believability of a claim, or that it has no rhetorical power

Design Ideas for Neighborhood Safe Art Spot.

Class project of LA 5117. Supported by the Minneapolis Community Crime Prevention/SAFE and other supporters of the Neighborhood Safe Art Spot (Chicago-Lake Business Association, Forecast Public Art Works, Marquette Lake State Bank, and Minneapolis Arts C

Does the Phrase “Conspiracy Theory” Matter?

Research on conspiracy theories has proliferated since 2016, in part due to the US election of President Trump, the COVID-19 pandemic, and increasingly threatening environmental conditions. In the rush to publication given these concerning social consequences, researchers have increasingly treated as definitive a 2016 paper by Michael Wood (Political Psychology, 37(5), 695–705, 2016) that concludes that the phrase “conspiracy theory” has no negative effect upon people’s willingness to endorse a claim. We revisit Wood’s findings and its (re)uptake in the recent literature. Is the label “conspiracy theory” a pejorative? If so, does it sway or affect people’s belief in specific claims of conspiracy (i.e. particular conspiracy theories), or is the effect one that concerns claims of conspiracy more generally (i.e. all conspiracy theories)? Through an examination of the conceptual and methodological scope of Wood’s work and the results of our similar quasi-experimental design, we argue that it is premature to suggest the label “conspiracy theory” has no impact on the believability of a claim, or that it has no rhetorical power

Exile Vol. XIII No. 2

FICTION The Garden by Joyce Horvath 5-8 Early Morning Man by Harvey Spurlock 12-24 28 Nisan 1960 by Cem Kozlu 29-35 Letters to the Editor by Rick Brown 39-55 POETRY World II by Jeffrey R. Smith 1-4 It is not for no reason by Bonnie Bishop 9 I have often wondered by Mike Engle 10 Without opera glasses by Trudi Spaeth 10 Differentiations in August by Alan Pavlik 11 Gold by Nancy Scott 25 With images by Trudi Spaeth 25 Grandpa by Karen Cozart 26-27 Meditation on a Line by Sylvia Plath by Lauren Shakely 28 Bantling by Francie King 36 Haiku by Suzanne Husting 36 I saw you yesterday by Rick Tucker 37 My Eyes Would Escape 38 ART untitled by Nancy Eastlake 8 The Diary of a Madman by Clare Conrad 24 Trumpeter by Bill Henderson 38 Untitled by Nancy Eastlake Cover design: Kee McFarland With special thanks to Mrs. Louis Brakeman for her services

Beyond “monologicality”? Exploring conspiracist worldviews

Conspiracy theories (CTs) are widespread ways by which people make sense of unsettling or disturbing cultural events. Belief in CTs is often connected to problematic consequences, such as decreased engagement with conventional political action or even political extremism, so understanding the psychological and social qualities of CT belief is important. CTs have often been understood to be “monological,” displaying the tendency for belief in one conspiracy theory to be correlated with belief in (many) others. Explanations of monologicality invoke a nomothetical or “closed” mindset whereby mutually supporting beliefs based on mistrust of official explanations are used to interpret public events as conspiracies, independent of the facts about those events (which they may ignore or deny). But research on monologicality offers little discussion of the content of monological beliefs and reasoning from the standpoint of the CT believers. This is due in part to the “access problem”: CT believers are averse to being researched because they often distrust researchers and what they appear to represent. Using several strategies to address the access problem we were able to engage CT believers in semi-structured interviews, combining their results with analysis of media documents and field observations to reconstruct a conspiracy worldview – a set of symbolic resources drawn on by CT believers about important dimensions of ontology, epistemology, and human agency. The worldview is structured around six main dimensions: the nature of reality, the self, the outgroup, the ingroup, relevant social and political action, and possible future change. We also describe an ascending typology of five types of CT believers, which vary according to their positions on each of these dimensions. Our findings converge with prior explorations of CT beliefs but also revealed novel aspects: A sense of community among CT believers, a highly differentiated representation of the outgroup, a personal journey of conversion, variegated kinds of political action, and optimistic belief in future change. These findings are at odds with the typical image of monological CT believers as paranoid, cynical, anomic and irrational. For many, the CT worldview may rather constitute the ideological underpinning of a nascent pre-figurative social movement