Two modes of peri-interaction between an aldehyde group and a carboxylate anion in naphthalaldehydate salts

Crystal structures of the salts of 1,8-naphthalaldehydic acid (8-formyl-1-naphthoic acid) show one of two types of interaction between the functional groups. In the more commonly observed case, a carboxylate oxygen lies close to the aldehyde carbonyl carbon atom (O⋯C: 2.445–2.630 Å) and makes an n–pi* interaction. However, in two other cases the carboxylate group has rotated so that the aldehyde now directs its hydrogen atom at the face of the carboxylate group and forms a surprisingly short contact with the carbon atom (H⋯C: 2.29 and 2.42 Å). This interaction is likely to be electrostatic in nature

The tropospheric gas composition of Jupiter's north equatorial belt (NH3, PH3, CH3D, GeH4, H2O) and the Jovian D/H isotropic ratio

The gas composition of the troposphere of Jupiter in the clearest regions of the North Equatorial Belt (NEB) was derived from the Voyager 1 IRIS data. The infrared spectrum for this homogeneous cloud free region was modeled to infer altitude profiles for NH3, PH3, GeH4 and H2O. The Profiles for NH3 and PH3 were found to be depleted in the upper troposphere but otherwise in agreement with their solar values at the 1 bar level. The mole fraction for CH3D was determined to be 3.5(+1.0 or -1.3) x 10 to the minus 7th power. The GeH4 mole fraction of 7+ or -2 x 10 to the minus 10th power at the 2 to 3 bar level is a factor of 10 lower than the solar value. The H2O mole fraction is approximately 1 x 0.00001 at the 2.5 bar level and is increasing to approximately 3 x 0.00001 at 4 bars where it is a factor of 30 lower than solar. Using IRIS infrared values for the mole fractions of CH3D and CH4 a value of D/H = 3.6(+1.0 or -1.4)x 0.00001 is derived. Assuming this Jovian D/H ratio is representative of the protosolar nebula, and correcting for chemical galactic evolution, yields a value of 5.5 - 9.0 x 0.00001 for the primordial D/H ratio and an upper limit of 1.8 to 2.4 x 10 to the minus 31st power cu cm for the present day baryon density

Water in Comet 2/2003 K4 (LINEAR) with Spitzer

We present sensitive 5.5 to 7.6 micron spectra of comet C/2003 K4 (LINEAR) obtained on 16 July 2004 (r_{h} = 1.760 AU, Delta_{Spitzer} = 1.409 AU, phase angle 35.4 degrees) with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The nu_{2} vibrational band of water is detected with a high signal-to-noise ratio (> 50). Model fitting to the best spectrum yields a water ortho-to-para ratio of 2.47 +/- 0.27, which corresponds to a spin temperature of 28.5^{+6.5}_{-3.5} K. Spectra acquired at different offset positions show that the rotational temperature decreases with increasing distance from the nucleus, which is consistent with evolution from thermal to fluorescence equilibrium. The inferred water production rate is (2.43 +/- 0.25) \times 10^{29} molec. s^{-1}. The spectra do not show any evidence for emission from PAHs and carbonate minerals, in contrast to results reported for comets 9P/Tempel 1 and C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp). However, residual emission is observed near 7.3 micron the origin of which remains unidentified.Comment: 33 pages, including 11 figures, 2 tables, ApJ 2007 accepte

Negative illness perceptions are related to poorer health‐related quality of life among thyroid cancer survivors:Results from the PROFILES registry

Background Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) reports a poorer health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) than a norm population. Patients' illness perceptions are modifiable and known associates of HRQoL in other cancers. The aim was to examine the relationship between illness perceptions and HRQoL among DTC survivors. Methods DTC survivors registered in the Netherlands Cancer Registry diagnosed between 1990 and 2008, received a survey on illness perceptions (Brief‐Illness Perception Questionnaire; B‐IPQ) and HRQoL (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core 30; EORTC QLQ‐C30). Multiple regression analyses were conducted investigating the relation between illness perceptions and HRQoL, while controlling for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Results Two hundred and eighty‐four DTC survivors were included. DTC survivors who believed their illness had many negative consequences; who perceived their illness as controllable by treatment; who had strong beliefs symptoms could be attributed to their illness; and who had strong beliefs their illness causes negative emotions, reported a poorer HRQoL. Conclusions Stronger negative illness perceptions are related to a poorer HRQoL among DTC survivors

Having co-morbid cardiovascular disease at time of cancer diagnosis:Already one step behind when it comes to HRQoL?

Background The relation between cardiovascular disease (CVD) present at the time of cancer diagnosis and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) assessed years after cancer diagnosis has – to our knowledge – not been studied. The objective is, therefore, to examine the relation between co-morbid CVD at cancer diagnosis and HRQoL among cancer survivors diagnosed with colorectal, thyroid, prostate, endometrium, ovarian cancer, melanoma, (non-)Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), or multiple myeloma (MM) in an exploratory population-based cross-sectional study. Material and methods Analyses were performed on combined data sets from the PROFILES and Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR). Data on co-morbid CVD at cancer diagnosis was extracted from the NCR. HRQoL was measured via PROFILES at a median of 4.6 years after cancer diagnosis. General Linear Model Analyses were run for the total group of cancer survivors and for each malignancy. Results In total, 5930 cancer survivors (2281 colorectal, 280 thyroid, 1054 prostate, 177 endometrium, 389 ovarian cancer, 212 melanoma, 874 non-Hodgkin and 194 Hodgkin lymphoma, 242 CLL, and 227 MM survivors) were included. For the total group, survivors who had a CVD at cancer diagnosis (n = 1441, 23.4%) reported statistically significant and clinically important lower scores on global QoL and physical functioning and higher scores for dyspnea (p < .05) compared to those without CVD. Co-morbid CVD at cancer diagnosis was negatively related to global QoL, the five functional scales and the symptoms fatigue and dyspnea across most malignancies (i.e., colorectal, and prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, ovarium cancer, melanoma, and CLL). No significant relations were found among thyroid and endometrium cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma and MM survivors, likely due to small numbers. Conclusion In conclusion, co-morbid CVD at cancer diagnosis was negatively related to HRQoL, especially to global QoL, physical and role functioning, and the symptoms fatigue and dyspnea

Characterization of cutaneous and articular sensory neurons

Background: A wide range of stimuli can activate sensory neurons and neurons innervating specific tissues often have distinct properties. Here we used retrograde tracing to identify sensory neurons innervating the hind paw skin (cutaneous) and ankle/knee joints (articular), and combined immunohistochemistry and electrophysiology analysis to determine the neurochemical phenotype of cutaneous and articular neurons, as well as their electrical and chemical excitability. Results: Immunohistochemistry analysis using RetroBeads as a retrograde tracer confirmed previous data that cutaneous and articular neurons are a mixture of myelinated and unmyelinated neurons, and the majority of both populations are peptidergic. In whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons, voltage-gated inward currents and action potential parameters were largely similar between articular and cutaneous neurons, although cutaneous neuron action potentials had a longer half-peak duration. An assessment of chemical sensitivity showed that all neurons responded to a pH 5.0 solution, but that acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) currents, determined by inhibition with the non-selective ASIC antagonist benzamil, were of a greater magnitude in cutaneous compared to articular neurons. 40 – 50% of cutaneous and articular neurons responded to capsaicin, cinnamaldehyde and menthol, indicating similar expression levels of TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPM8 respectively. By contrast, significantly more articular neurons responded to ATP than cutaneous neurons. Conclusion: This work makes a detailed characterization of cutaneous and articular sensory neurons, and highlights the importance of making recordings from identified neuronal populations: sensory neurons innervating different tissues have subtly different properties, possibly reflecting different functions.ISS was funded by an Erasmus for Graduate Students grant from the University of Coimbra. ZMAH and experiments were funded by an Arthritis Research Project Grant (Grant Reference 20930) to ESS. JDB was funded by a Corpus Christi College Study and Travel Grant. EStJS was funded by an Early Career Research Grant from the International Association for the Study of Pain. Thanks to Christoforos Tsantoulas for assistance with immunohistochemistry and members of the Smith lab for their technical assistance and help in preparing the manuscript.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from SAGE via http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/174480691663638

The 2015 edition of the GEISA spectroscopic database

The GEISA database (Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmospheriques: Management and Study of Atmospheric Spectroscopic Information) has been developed and maintained by the ARA/ABC(t) group at LMD since 1974. GEISA is constantly evolving, taking into account the best available spectroscopic data. This paper presents the 2015 release of GEISA (GEISA-2015), which updates the last edition of 2011 and celebrates the 40th anniversary of the database. Significant updates and additions have been implemented in the three following independent databases of GEISA. The line parameters database contains 52 molecular species (118 isotopologues) and transitions in the spectral range from 10(-6) to 35,877.031 cm(-1), representing 5,067,351 entries, against 3,794,297 in GEISA-2011. Among the previously existing molecules, 20 molecular species have been updated. A new molecule (SO3) has been added. HDO, isotopologue of H2O, is now identified as an independent molecular species. Seven new isotopologues have been added to the GEISA-2015 database. The cross section sub-database has been enriched by the addition of 43 new molecular species in its infrared part, 4 molecules (ethane, propane, acetone, acetonitrile) are also updated; they represent 3% of the update. A new section is added, in the near-infrared spectral region, involving 7 molecular species: CH3CN, CH3I, CH3O2, H2CO, HO2, HONO, NH3. The microphysical and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols sub-database has been updated for the first time since 2003. It contains more than 40 species originating from NCAR and 20 from the ARIA archive of Oxford University. As for the previous versions, this new release of GEISA and associated management software facilities are implemented and freely accessible on the AERIS/ESPRI atmospheric chemistry data center website. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Measurement of the 3He mass diffusion coefficient in superfluid 4He over the 0.45-0.95 K temperature range

We have measured the mass diffusion coefficient D of 3He in superfluid 4He at temperatures lower than were previously possible. The experimental technique utilizes scintillation light produced when neutron react with 3He nuclei, and allows measurement of the 3He density integrated along the trajectory of a well-defined neutron beam. By measuring the change in 3He density near a heater as a function of applied heat current, we are able to infer values of D with 20% accuracy. At temperatures below 0.7 K and for concentrations of order 10^{-4} we find D=(2.0+2.4-1.2)T^-(6.5 -/+ 1.2) cm^2/s, in agreement with a theoretical approximation.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Europhysics Letters and prepared in that journal's forma

An immunotherapy survivor population: health-related quality of life and toxicity in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

© The Author(s) 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.Purpose The immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have resulted in subgroups of patients with metastatic melanoma achievinghigh-quality durable responses. Metastatic melanoma survivors are a new population in the era of cancer survivorship. The aimofthis study was to evaluate metastatic melanoma survivors in terms of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), immune-relatedadverse events (irAEs) and exposure to immunosuppressive agents in a large single centre in the UK.Methods We defined the survivor population as patients with a diagnosis of metastatic melanoma who achieved a durableresponse to an ICI and had been followed-up for a minimum of 12 months from initiation of ICI without disease progression.HRQoL was assessed using SF-36. Electronic health records were accessed to collect data on demographics, treatments, irAEsand survival. HRQoL data was compared with two norm-based datasets.Results Eighty-four metastatic melanoma survivors were eligible and 87% (N = 73) completed the SF-36. ICI-related toxicity ofany grade occurred in 92%of patients and 43%had experienced a grade 3 or 4 toxicity. Almost half (49%) of the patients requiredsteroids for the treatment of ICI-related toxicity, whilst 14% required treatment with an immunosuppressive agent beyondsteroids.Melanoma survivors had statistically significant lower HRQoL scores with regard to physical, social and physical rolefunctioning and general health compared with the normative population. There was a trend towards inferior scores in patientswith previous exposure to ipilimumab compared with those never exposed to ipilimumab.Conclusions Our results show that metastatic melanoma survivors have potentially experienced significant ICI-related toxicityand experience significant impairments in specific HRQoL domains. Future service planning is required to meet this population’sunique survivorship needs.Peer reviewe

Heterovalent and A-atom effects in A(B'B'')O3 perovskite alloys

Using first-principles supercell calculations, we have investigated energetic, structural and dielectric properties of three different A(B'B'')O_3 perovskite alloys: Ba(Zn_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3 (BZN), Pb(Zn_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3 (PZN), and Pb(Zr_{1/3}Ti_{2/3})O_3 (PZT). In the homovalent alloy PZT, the energetics are found to be mainly driven by atomic relaxations. In the heterovalent alloys BZN and PZN, however, electrostatic interactions among B' and B'' atoms are found to be very important. These electrostatic interactions are responsible for the stabilization of the observed compositional long-range order in BZN. On the other hand, cell relaxations and the formation of short Pb--O bonds could lead to a destabilization of the same ordered structure in PZN. Finally, comparing the dielectric properties of homovalent and heterovalent alloys, the most dramatic difference arises in connection with the effective charges of the B' atom. We find that the effective charge of Zr in PZT is anomalous, while in BZN and PZN the effective charge of Zn is close to its nominal ionic value.Comment: 7 pages, two-column style with 2 postscript figures embedded. Uses REVTEX and epsf macros. Also available at http://www.physics.rutgers.edu/~dhv/preprints/index.html#lb_he