Analysis the Gap Between Existing and Required Facilities of Health and Education in District Tharparker

Tharparkar, situated within the arid regions of Sindh province, faces significant challenges as a result of its arid conditions and shifting climate patterns. These changes represent substantial threats to the well-being and livelihoods of the local community. This study attempts to investigate the disparity between existing and required health and education facilities in district Tharparker. The study delves into the challenges faced by the region in meeting the growing needs of its population in terms of healthcare and education services. Data was collected from recent Census reports i.e. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics 2017 and through key informant interviews. Through data analysis, the research sheds light on the factors contributing to the gap and proposes potential solutions to bridge the divide. Results of the study show that there is low enrollment of students in schools and present health facilities and staff isn’t enough to serve the existing population of district Tharparker. The findings underscore the importance of addressing these gaps to enhance the overall well-being and development of Tharparker's residents. This study is significant in a way that it will provide a way forward to government authorities and other supporting agencies in formulating effective plans for addressing the deficiencies (regarding health and education facilities

Assessing Right Amount of Quality Assurance (QA) for Software Products. "A Quality Assurances for Developing Software Projects"

Quality Assurance (QA) is an important aspect of product development in any industry, not least software development. To secure an end-product that is as high a quality as possible, thus satisfying the customers, Quality Assurance is essential. A software application released with several so-called "bugs" and other flaws is obviously a product which has passed through a poor Quality Assurance process. Thus, it is important to have a proper, systematic program to follow during the developments, which ascertain the final quality of the product. Too much QA however, can lead to developers focusing too much on analyzing and documenting every part of the development, ending up with an overload of documentation. This would slow down the development progress, and in the worst case, kill of the project. There are two main aspects of this paper; first problems of “inappropriate amount of Software Quality Assurance” and second is "how we can balance between creativity and quality"? However, we will briefly visit other industries to shed light on the importance of QA as a whole

SECURING CENTRALIZED SDN CONTROL WITH DISTRIBUTED BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY

Software Defined Networks (SDN) advocates segregation of network control logic, forwarding functions and management applications into different planes to achieve network programmability, automated and dynamic flow control in next generation networks. It promotes deployment of novel and augmented network management functions to have flexible, robust, scalable and cost-effective network deployments. All these features introduce new research challenges and require secure communication protocols among the segregated network planes. This manuscript focuses on the security issue of southbound interface which operates between the SDN control and data plane. We have highlighted the security threats associated with an unprotected southbound interface and the issues related with the existing TLS based security solution. A lightweight blockchain based decentralized security solution is proposed for southbound interface to secure the resources of logically centralized SDN controllers and distributed forwarding devices from opponents. The proposed mechanism can operate in multi-domain SDN deployment and can be used with wide range of network controllers and data plane devices. In addition to it, the proposed security solution is analyzed in terms of security features, communication and reauthentication overhead

Inequalities concerning the rate of growth of polynomials involving the polar derivative

This paper contains some results for algebraic polynomials in the complex plane involving the polar derivative that are inspired by some classical results of Bernstein. Obtained results yield the polar derivative analogues of some inequalities giving estimates for the growth of derivative of lacunary polynomials

CROSS LOC TRADE BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN- CONTOURS AND DYNAMICS

The once economically prosperous region of Kashmir hasended up being decelerated in trade and trade relations as a falloutof the Indo-Pak conflict post partition. This phenomenon has hadcosts transcending the economy and the society at large. Thepartition has led to the division of families, local culture has beenaffected and the economy has suffered a great deal. The paper is anattempt to put cross-LoC trade in the larger framework of the conflictbetween India and Pakistan. While historicizing the conflict-ravagedeconomy of erstwhile united J&K, the paper discussescomplementariness of patrilineage and trust, which constitutes avery important aspect of cross-LoC trade since 2008. The paperattempts to highlight the common bottle necks which have beenplaced in conducting trade between the two divided parts ofKashmir. Besides, the paper also points out that the policy of banningtrade between patrilinear families is bound to have an adverseeffect on the economic future of the region and cross LoC tradeitself

Use of Electronic Resources among Users of Medical College Libraries in Multan Division, Pakistan

The rationale of this report was to evaluate the current use of electronic resources among users of medical college libraries in Multan division. Moreover, mean variation about medical e-resources in respect of awareness, satisfaction, utilization and barriers with respondents’ gender trait were also explored. This study used a questionnaire to conduct a cross-sectional survey research design. The survey questionnaire was send to the target population of medical college libraries users in Multan division of Pakistan and response rate was 88 per cent. The findings of the study shows that users of the medical libraries were slightly aware about the medical e-resources and majority of the participants were used medical e-resources for education, learning and to update knowledge purposes. In addition, Medical e-resources that are MEDLINE, PubMed, Springer Link, Science Direct, Black-Well Synergy and ProQuest Database were utilized rarely by the respondents. Users are partially satisfied with medical e-resources of libraries. Lack of training/ orientation, low speed of internet, energy crisis/load shedding, lack of printing facility, non-availability of full text access to the most of Journals, lack of awareness, information overload and inadequate IT infrastructure were the major problems faced to medical colleges library users while using e-resources. There is no statistically significant difference in the mean scores of awareness, utilization, satisfaction and barriers about the medical e-resources with respect to male and female. The findings allow library professionals to be more effective, proactive, and successful in achieving digitize library services and resources. This study also made a significant contribution to the existing literature on medical e-resources and services. The findings could contribute in the promotion of digital library services and products, as well as virtual culture, in Pakistani medical college libraries, particularly in the Multan Division

CRT-101.10 Outcomes of Underlying Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: Evidence on the prognosis of infiltrative cardiomyopathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been well established. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of infiltrative cardiomyopathy including amyloidosis, sarcoidosis and hemochromatosis in PCI patients and its effect on mortality. Methods: National Inpatient Sample 2016-2019 was used to conduct a retrospective analysis by identifying a cohort of patients who underwent PCI with infiltrative cardiomyopathy using respective ICD-10 codes. Primary outcome was the effect of infiltrative cardiomyopathy on mortality in patients undergoing PCI. Secondary outcomes were the independent predictors of mortality. Multivariate logistic regression model was used for analysis. Results: 1.93 million patients were hospitalized for undergoing PCI, out of which 6270 patients had infiltrative cardiomyopathy (prevalence 0.33%). Subgroup analysis showed that 710 patients had underlying amyloidosis (prevalence 0.04%), 4300 patients had sarcoidosis (prevalence 0.23%) and 1280 patients had hemochromatosis (prevalence 0.07%). Mean age of patients undergoing PCI with infiltrative cardiomyopathy was 61 years, 54% were females and 53.5% were white. Patients undergoing PCI were predominantly males (67%) but patient with infiltrative cardiomyopathy who underwent PCI were predominantly females (54%). Underlying amyloidosis was associated with two fold increased odds of mortality in patients undergoing PCI (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.08-4.23, p=0.029). While sarcoidosis (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.73-1.7, p=0.6) and hemochromatosis (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.32-1.92, p=0.6) were not significantly associated with mortality in patients undergoing PCI. The independent predictors of mortality in patients undergoing PCI with infiltrative cardiomyopathy are arrhythmias (OR 2.59, OR 1.14-5.9, p=0.02), cardiac arrest (OR 10.3, CI 3.8-27.6, p=0.00), pulmonary embolism (OR 5.8, CI 1.06-32.4, p=0.04), kidney disease (OR 4.5, CI 1.99-10.3, p=0.00) and liver disease OR 3.5, CI 1.34-9.1, p=0.01). Conclusion: Prevalence of infiltrative cardiomyopathy in patients undergoing PCI is 0.33%. Amyloidosis is associated with significantly increased odds of mortality in patients undergoing PCI while sarcoidosis and hemochromatosis are not significantly associated with mortality. Arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, pulmonary embolism, kidney and liver disease are independently associated with increased mortality in infiltrative cardiomyopathy patients undergoing PCI

Traditional Medicinal and Economic Uses of Gymnosperms of Kaghan Valley, Pakistan

The ethnobotanical data of total 12 gymnosperms belonging to four families was collected from the local people of the Kaghan Valley. A complete list of the plants is given with their name, family and ethnobotanical use, distribution and occurrence. Indigenous knowledge of local inhabitants about the use of native plants were collected during field trips through questionnaire The inhabitants of the area have to use the medicinal plants for various purposes and have for a long time been dependent on surrounding plant resources for their food, shelter, fodder, health care and other cultural purposes. Pinus roxburgii, P. wallichiana, Cedrus deodara, Abies pindrow and Taxus wallichiana are prominent gymnosperms of Kaghan Valley which are not only source of timber but also utilized as fuel wood and for medicinal purposes