DETEKSI AWAL KAKI DATAR PADA PELAJAR SMP DI KOTA JAMBI

ABSTRACT Flat feet (pes planus) are common in infants and children and often disappear before adulthood. Thus, flat feet are described as physiological because they are usually flexible, painless, and have no functional consequences. In rare cases, flat feet can become painful or stiff, which may be a sign of underlying foot pathology, including arthritis or tarsal coalitions. The earlier it is detected, the easier it is to make corrections, the faster the recovery of muscle and bone function, and the better the growth and development of a child. Efforts to screen flat feet in children can be done ink to assess the prints of the subject's feet. This activity is carried out by using counseling methods and examining the prints of the children's feet. The location of the activity was carried out in 8 randomly selected junior high schools in the city of Jambi. The total number of students suspected of having flat feet was 765 people with a prevalence of 17.99%. Students suspected of having flat feet were 374 women (48.89%), and 433 men (51.11%), ranging in age from 12 to 15 years with an average age of 14 years. All students suspected of flat feet will be subjected to further examination to confirm and measure the severity of flat feet. Keywords: Counseling, Flat feet, SMP ABSTRAK Kaki datar (pes planus) sering terjadi pada bayi dan anak-anak dan sering menghilang sebelum menginjak dewasa. Dengan demikian, kaki datar digambarkan sebagai fisiologis karena biasanya fleksibel, tidak nyeri, dan tidak memiliki konsekuensi fungsional. Dalam kasus yang jarang terjadi, kaki datar dapat menjadi menyakitkan atau kaku, yang mungkin merupakan tanda patologi kaki yang mendasarinya, termasuk radang sendi atau koalisi tarsal. Semakin dini terdeteksi, semakin mudah koreksi yang dilakukan, semakin cepat pemulihan fungsi otot dan tulang, serta semakin baik tumbuh kembangnya seorang anak. Upaya skrining kaki datar pada anak-anak dapat dilakukan tinta untuk menilai cetakan telapak kaki subjek. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan cetakan telapak kaki anak. Lokasi kegiatan dilakukan di 8 SMP yang dipilih secara acak di kota Jambi. Jumlah total siswa yang dicurigai memiliki kaki datar sebanyak 765 orang dengan prevalensi sebesar 17,99%. Siswa yang diduga kaki datar berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 374 orang (48,89%), dan laki-laki 433 orang (51,11%), rentang usia 12 sampai 15 tahun dengan rerata usia 14 tahun. Semua siswa yang dicurigai kaki datar akan dilakukan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut untuk memastikan dan mengukur derajat keparahan dari kaki datar. Kata Kunci: Penyuluhan, Kaki datar, SMP

PERBEDAAN ANTARA pH SALIVA DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM AMILASE MAHASISWA YANG MEROKOK DENGAN MAHASISWA YANG TIDAK MEROKOK

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cigarettes can cause disturbances in the oral cavity. From previous research it is known that the daily consumption of cigarettes increases the decrease of salivary secretion and the content of bicarbonate. This will have an effect on the decrease of pH saliva. Low salivary pH also has an impact on decreased amylase enzyme activity. Departing from the basic theory, the researchers wanted to see if there are differences in salivary pH and amylase enzyme activity in students who smoke with non-smokers at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Jambi University. Methods This study is a case control study that compares two groups consisting of case groups ie students who smoke and control groups ie students who do not smoke with the number of research samples compared to 1: 1. For the case group, the samples were taken in total sampling from the Jambi University medical students who smoked 39 people while the control group was taken from the non-smoking students of 39 persons who chose proportional random sampling. Performed salivary pH examination and measurement of ptialin enzyme activity on respondents. The research data were tested statistically using Independent t-test to see the difference of salivary pH and amylase enzyme activity in students who smoked with non-smokers. Results Mean pH saliva of students who smoke is 6.64 ± 0.25. The mean pH of non-smoking student saliva was 7.04 ± 0.28. The average of enzyme activity of amylase student who smoke is 16,33 ± 7,51 second. The average activity of non-smoking student amylase enzyme was 4.28 ± 2.68 seconds. The P value for the Independent t test of saliva pH and amylase enzyme activity among students who smoked with non-smokers was 0.00. Conclusions: There was a significant difference between salivary pH and amylase enzyme activity among smoking students with non-smokers.   Keywords: smoking, salivary pH, amylase   ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Rokok dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada rongga mulut. Dari penelitian sebelumnya diketahui bahwa konsumsi rokok harian yang meningkat berdampak terhadap penurunan sekresi saliva dan kandungan  bikarbonat. Hal ini akan berdampak pada terjadinya penurunan pH saliva. pH saliva yang rendah juga berdampak pada penurunan aktivitas enzim amilase. Berangkat dari dasar teori tersebut, peneliti ingin melihat apakah ada perbedaan pH saliva dan aktivitas enzim amilase pada mahasiswa yang merokok dengan mahasiswa yang tidak merokok di Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan universitas Jambi. Metode  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian case control yang membandingkan 2 kelompok yang terdiri atas kelompok kasus yaitu mahasiswa yang merokok dan kelompok kontrol yaitu mahasiswa yang tidak merokok dengan jumlah sampel penelitian berbanding 1:1. Untuk kelompok kasus, sampel diambil secara total sampling dari mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Jambi yang merokok sejumlah 39 orang sedangkan kelompok kontrol diambil dari mahasiswa yang tidak merokok sejumlah 39 orang yang pilih secara proporsional random sampling. Dilakukan pemeriksaan pH saliva dan pengukuran aktivitas enzim ptialin pada responden. Data penelitian yang didapat diuji secara statistik menggunakan Independent t-test untuk melihat perbedaan pH saliva dan aktivitas enzim amilase pada mahasiswa yang merokok dengan mahasiswa yang tidak merokok. Hasil  Rerata pH saliva mahasiswa yang merokok adalah 6,64±0,25. Rerata pH saliva mahasiswa yang tidak  merokok adalah 7,04±0,28. Rerata aktivitas enzim amilase mahasiswa yang merokok adalah 16,33±7,51 detik. Rerata aktivitas enzim amilase mahasiswa yang tidak merokok adalah 4,28±2,68 detik. Nilai P untuk Independent t test dari pH saliva dan aktivitas enzim amilase antara mahasiswa yang merokok dengan mahasiswa yang tidak merokok adalah 0,00. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara pH saliva dan aktivitas enzim amilase antara mahasiswa yang merokok dengan mahasiswa yang tidak merokok.   Kata Kunci: merokok, pH saliva, amilas

Antidiabetic effect of Psychotria malayana Jack in induced type 1 diabetic rat

Background: Therapies for hyperglycemic treatment, including insulin and oral diabetes medications, have been confirmed to cause several side effects. Thus, finding new drugs with fewer side effects is of high importance. Salung leaf herb (Psychotria malayana Jack) reported used in traditional societies as a treatment for diabetes. However, the scientific proof of this plant for diabetes treatment is still lacking.Objective: To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of the P. malayana jack in induced type 1 diabetic rats by assessing blood glucose level and pancreatic cells in white rats.Methods: Alloxan used to induce type I diabetes. Rats randomly divided into six groups. A Group P1 received 250 mg/kg BW; group P2 received 500 mg/kg BW, group P3 received 1000 mg/kg BW. While group 4 basal received no treatment, group 5 received distilled water as a negative control, and group 6 received glibenclamide as a positive control. Medications are given for six days. Glucose levels were measured, and observation of pancreatic Langerhans cell damages.Results:  A decrease in blood glucose levels observed in all treatment groups. The most significant reduction (49.76%; 1000 mg/kg BW) occurred in the P3 group. Morphological features of pancreatic Langerhans cell damage were slightly high in the P1 group.Conclusion: P. malayana Jack can consider having an antidiabetic effect in a type 1 diabetic rat by reducing blood glucose levels

COMPARISON OF THREE METHOD OF DNA EXTRACTION FOR METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA)

Background: MRSA is a gram positive bacteria that has a peptidoglycan in the cell wall which is noteasy to lysis during the DNA extraction procces.Objectives: This study aimed to compare three DNA extraction method, using a conventional method, chelex method, and commercial kit in MRSA.Methods: This is a descriptive study with laboratory experiments. The sample was swabs of purulent wounds from inpatients in Jambi that were randomly selected. Swab sample identified as MRSA was extracted with three methods and tested using UV-Vis spectrophotometer.Results: The study results showed that the best DNA purity was found by DNA extraction usingcommercial kit (1.43), followed by chelex (1.14) and conventional (1.07) methods. Likewise, the highest concentration of DNA was DNA extraction using commercial kit (330 g/ml), followed by the chelex (78 g/ml) and conventional (54 g/ml) methods.Conclusion: A conventional method can be used as an extraction method that is easy to do and more economical. The best DNA purity and concentration was obtained in the kit extraction method, followed by chelex and conventional methods.Keywords: MRSA, extraction, conventional, chelex, ki

INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS DIGITAL SIMULASI TRIAGE KEGAWATDARURATAN TRAUMA

ABSTRACT Back ground: Morbidity and mortality were increase in trauma case, it’s one of cause mortality under 45 years old in USA. In lower and middle income country mortality case  in trauma were increase. This data would be challenge in medical faculty to increase understanding management of trauma in emergency unit. This research make an innovation of learning based on digital simulation of triage emergency of trauma. Methode: this is descriptive research, the data will be collect used evaluation question . the data will be analysed  using SPSS. Result: in this research 74 responden were medical student in surgery department. This video was facilitate medical student to understanding trauma case(71.6%), interesting video (71.6%), This video was facilitate medical student to understanding management trauma (73%) Conclusion: learning innovation based on digital simulation in emergency trauma  can helped to understanding managemen in emergency trauma dapat mempermudah mahasiswa memahami penatalaksanaannya. Key word: learning innovation, simulation, emergency trauma   ABSTRAK   Latar belakang: Morbiditas dan mortalitas kasus trauma di pusat kesehatan serta penyebab kematian ke empat untuk usia dibawah 45 tahun di Amerika serikat. Tingginya angka kematian pada kasus trauma dinegara berpendapatan rendah dan menengah, menjadi suatu tantangan bagi fakultas kedokteran dalam pemahaman penatalaksanaan kasus trauma. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan membuat Inovasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Digital berupa Simulasi Triage Kegawatdaruratan Trauma untyk meningkatkan pemahaman dalam penatalaksanaan kasus trauma. Metode: penelitian inibersifat deskriptif berupa penilaian mahasiswa mengenai video pembelajaran menggunakan instrument berupa kuesioner evaluasi video pembelajaran. Data dikumpulkan dan diolah menggunakan SPSS. Hasil: pada penelitian ini didapatkan 74 responden yang merupakan mahasiswa program studi profesi kedokteran yang telah melewati stase ilmu Penyakit bedah. Sebagian besar mahasiswa mengatakan bahwa video yang diberikan dapat mempermudah memahami learning objektif (71.6%), strategi pembelajaran menarik (71.6%), mempermudah memahami tindakan yang dilakukan pada kasus kegawatdaruratan trauma (73%). Kesimpulan: inovasi pembelajaran berbasis digital simulasi triage kegawatdaruratan trauma dapat mempermudah mahasiswa memahami penatalaksanaannya.   Kata kunci: inovasi pembelajaran, simulasi, kegawatdaruratan trauma &nbsp

PELATIHAN PERUBAHAN PERILAKU DAN PENINGKATAN IMUNITAS DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19 BAGI PARA GURU ANGGOTA PGRI DI KOTA JAMBI DAN KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI

Abstract The world is under pressure from the Corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic since 2020. The impact of the pandemic is now beginning to spread to the world of education. Almost 18 months after schools in Indonesia were closed to curb the spread of COVID-19, limited face-to-face learning has been started. The health protocol must always be implemented by all school members and the role of the teacher is very important in this situation, especially regarding the correct use of masks. In addition, to maintain endurance, students and teachers must consume nutritious food and vitamins. Many original Indonesian herbal plants can be consumed as immune boosters. The objectives of this community service activity is to increase teacher knowledge in changing behavior and increasing immunity in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is counseling and training through virtual webinar activity with topics on how to use, store, and dispose of mask waste, Covid-19 updates, herbal medicine, and nutrition in the Covid-19 era. This activity was attended by 54 teachers from Jambi City (46 people; 85.19%) and Muaro Jambi Regency (8 people; 14.81%). The participants of the activity consisted of elementary school teachers (72.22%), junior high school/MTs teachers (25.93%), and senior high school teacher (1.85%). This community service obtained the conclusion of counseling and training can increase the teacher knowledge in changing behavior and increasing immunity in the Covid-19 pandemic era. Keywords: Training, behavior change, immunity enhancement, Covid-19   ABSTRAK Dunia berada di bawah tekanan dari pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) sejak tahun 2020. Dampak dari pandemic tersebut kini mulai merambah ke dunia pendidikan. Hampir 18 bulan setelah sekolah di Indonesia ditutup untuk menekan penyebaran Covid-19, pembelajaran tatap muka secara terbatas telah dimulai. Protokol kesehatan harus selalu dilaksanakan oleh seluruh warga sekolah dan peran guru sangat penting pada situasi ini, terutama mengenai penggunaan masker yang benar. Selain itu, untuk menjaga daya tahan tubuh, siswa dan guru harus mengkonsumsi makanan bergizi dan vitamin. Banyak tanaman-tanaman herbal asli Indonesia yang dapat dikonsumsi sebagai immune booster. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan guru dalam perubahan perilaku dan peningkatan imunitas di era pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan dan pelatihan melalui kegiatan webinar virtual dengan topik cara penggunaan, penyimpanan, dan pembuangan limbah masker, update Covid-19­, herbal medicine, dan nutrisi di era Covid-19.  Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh 54 orang guru yang berasal dari Kota Jambi (46 orang; 85,19%) dan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi (8 orang; 14,81%). Peserta kegiatan terdiri dari guru SD (72,22%), guru SMP/MTs (25,93%), dan guru SMA/SMK (1,85%). Pengabdian masyarakat ini memperoleh simpulan, penyuluhan dan pelatihan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan guru dalam perubahan perilaku dan peningkatan imunitas di era pandemi Covid-19. Kata kunci : Pelatihan, perubahan perilaku, peningkatan imunitas, Covid-1

DETEKSI DINI OSTEOPOROSIS PASCA MENOPAUSE

Abstract                Osteoporosis occurs when the process of bone erosion and bone formation become unbalanced. The cells that cause bone erosion (osteoclasts) begin to make canals and holes in bone faster than the work of osteoblast-producing cells that create new bone to fill the hole, so bone decreases bone mass density and worsening bone microarchitecture Postmenopausal osteoporosis is caused by an estrogen deficiency. Estrogen plays a very important role in bone metabolism, affecting the activity of osteoblast cells and osteoclasts, including maintaining the work balance of both cells. Because osteoporosis is a disease that usually does not start with symptoms, the most important step in preventing and treating osteoporosis is early checking for early detection so that from this examination will be known next step. Keywords: Osteoporosis, Post menopause, Early Checking   Abstrak          Osteoporosis terjadi ketika proses pengikisan tulang dan pembentukan tulang menjadi tidak seimbang. Sel-sel yang menyebabkan pengikisan tulang (osteoklas) mulai membuat kanal dan lubang dalam tulang lebih cepat daripada kerja sel-sel pemicu pembentukan tulang (osteoblas) yang membuat tulang baru untuk mengisi lubang tersebut, sehingga tulang mengalami penurunan densitas massa tulang dan perburukan mikroarsitektur tulang, Osteoporosis pasca menopause disebabkan karena adanya defisiensi estrogen.  Estrogen memegang peran yang sangat penting dalam metabolisme tulang, mempengaruhi aktivitas sel osteoblas maupun osteoklas, termasuk menjaga keseimbangan kerja dari kedua sel tersebut. Karena osteoporosis merupakan suatu penyakit yang biasanya tidak diawali dengan gejala, maka langkah yang paling penting dalam mencegah dan mengobati osteoporosis adalah pemeriksaan secara dini untuk deteksi awal sehingga dari pemeriksaan ini akan diketahu langkah selanjutnya. Katakunci: Osteoporosis, Pasca Menopause, Deteksi din

PENILAIAN RISIKO JATUH DENGAN PENGGUNAAN TIMED UP AND GO TEST PADA PENDERITA OSTEOARTHRITIS GENU GRADE 1 - 3

ABSTRACT Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. The presence of knee pain, decreased functional mobility, stiffness, and decreased quadriceps strength in knee OA patients can cause physical disability. In optimizing the patient's functional mobility to perform activities of daily living, a valid and reliable tool is needed at the beginning and after the intervention. The purpose of this study was to measure functional mobility by assessing the risk of falling using the TUG test in patients with knee OA grade 1 to grade 3. Methods: A descriptive study with 93 samples of knee OA patients at the Orthopedic Surgery Clinic of the hospital. Data were obtained from interviews, medical records, and observation sheets. Results: Based on age, knee OA was most common in patients in the late elderly group, namely 45 patients (48.4%). Based on gender, knee OA is more common in women (84%) than men (16,1%). Based on Body Mass Index (BMI), the results of a normal BMI are the same as those of heavy fat (42%). From the radiological examination results, patients with genu OA were at K/L 2 degrees as many as 46 patients (49.4%). On the TUG test results, knee OA patients with a low risk of falling were 68 patients (73.1%). Knee OA patients who have a low risk of falling are more experienced by knee OA patients with BMI in the heavy fat category, namely 28 patients (30.1%). Patients with grade K/L 1 had the lowest fall risk as many as 17 patients (85%), patients with K/L 2 degrees had the lowest risk of falling as many as 38 patients (83%), patients with K/L 3 degrees had low fall risk equals moderate fall risk in 13 patients (48%). Conclusion: Knee OA patients both at grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 have the lowest risk of falling and all knee OA patients have the risk of fallers due to their OA. Keywords: knee osteoarthritis, TUG test, Kellgren-Lawrenc

Effect of essential oil on hypertrophic scars

Background: Hypertrophic scars are abnormal scars resulted from a disrupted wound healing process. Hypertrophic scars can affect the body aesthetic of the sufferers, but, on the other hand, conventional therapy has not been optimally effective. The application of essential oil combinations as an alternative therapy for hypertrophic scars has not been scientifically proven.Purposes: This study was to determine the effectiveness of the essential oil as a hypertrophic scar therapy.Methods: This study used a pre and post-test design. As many as 24 subjects aged 17-25 years with hypertrophic scars were given essential oil combinations every morning and evening for six months. Assessment of hypertrophic scars was done using the POSAS  (Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale).Results: The results showed that the POSAS score decreased after the essential oil combination administration for six months, 14.40±6.08 vs. 22.67±8.31 (p<0.001).Conclusion: the combination of essential oil oils used in this study reduces hypertrophic scars based on the POSAS assessment

PELATIHAN RELAWAN TANGGAP DARURAT DAN PERUBAHAN PERILAKU DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19 BAGI PARA GURU ANGGOTA PGRI DI KOTA JAMBI DAN KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI

ABSTRACT Corona Virus Disease 2019 has infected about 126,063 people in the world, and caused 4,616 deaths. Therefore, since March 12, 2020, COVID-19 has been designated by WHO as a pandemic in the world. In Indonesia alone, COVID-19 has caused 1,528 people who were positive for Covid-19 and 136 people died. One of the efforts made is by making Government regulation no. 2 of 2020 concerning Large-Scale Social Restrictions, as well as establishing a public health emergency due to the Covid-19 virus through Presidential Decree, no. 11 of 2020. The purpose of this community service activity is to train teachers as volunteers. in emergency response situations and prevention efforts by changing behavior in the Covid-19 pandemic era. The method used is counseling and training through virtual webinar activities with the topics of BHD and Emergency knowledge education in schools, ISOMAN patient education at home, Prevention of (tropical) infectious diseases and vaccinations, Post-Covid-19 psychological problems. This activity was attended by 104 teachers from Jambi City (79 people; 75.96%) and Muaro Jambi Regency (25 people; 24.04%). Participants consisted of kindergarten teachers (1 person, 0.96%), elementary school teachers (66 people, 63.64%), and junior high school teachers (34 people, 33.68%), and high school teachers (3 people, 2.88 %). This community service concludes, counseling and training can increase teacher knowledge in emergency response situations and prevention efforts by changing behavior in the Covid-19 pandemic era. Keywords: Training, Volunteers, Emergency Response, Covid-19 &nbsp; ABSTRAK Corona Virus Disease 2019 telah menjangkiti sekitar 126.063 orang di dunia, dan menyebabkan 4.616 kematian. Oleh karena itu, sejak tanggal 12 Maret 2020, covid-19 ditetapkan oleh WHO sebagai pandemic di dunia. &nbsp;Di Indonesia sendiri, covid-19 sudah menyebabkan 1.528 orang yang positif terkena Covid-19 dan 136 orang meninggal. Salah satu usaha yang dilakukan yakni dengan membuat peraturan Pemerintah no 2 Tahun 2020 tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, serta penetapan darurat kesehatan masyarakat akibat virus Covid-19 melalui Kepres, no.11 tahun 2020. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah melatih guru sebagai relawan dalam situasi tanggap darurat dan upaya pencegahan dengan perubahan perilaku di era pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan dan pelatihan melalui kegiatan webinar virtual dengan topik Edukasi pengetahuan BHD dan Kegawatdaruratan di sekolah, Edukasi pasien ISOMAN di rumah, Pencegahan penyakit Infeksi (tropis) dan vaksinasi, Permasalahan Psikologi post Covid-19. &nbsp;Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh 104 orang guru yang berasal dari Kota Jambi (79 orang; 75,96%) dan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi (25 orang; 24,04%). Peserta terdiri dari guru TK (1 orang, 0,96%), guru SD (66 orang, 63,64%), dan guru SMP (34 orang,33,68%), serta guru SMA (3 orang, 2,88%). Pengabdian masyarakat ini memperoleh simpulan, penyuluhan dan pelatihan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan guru dalam dalam situasi tanggap darurat dan upaya pencegahan dengan perubahan perilaku di era pandemi Covid-19. Kata Kunci : Pelatihan, Relawan, Tanggap darurat, Covid-1