ANIMAL IDIOMS IN ENGLISH

This study aimed to describe the idiom usage in English, both its functions in sentences and the meaning. It also tries to describe the link between idioms and culture. The data are taken from Mc Graw Hill's Dictionary of American Idioms and Phrasal Verbs by Richard A. Spears, Ph.D and A Book of English Idioms by V.H. Collins. The finding shows that form of idioms are phrase, clause, and sentence. The phrase patterns are Animal Element (AE) + Noun, Adjective + Animal Element (AE), Verb + Animal Element (AE), Animal Element (AE) + Preposition, and Animal Element (AE) + Verb.  The idioms functions are as Verb, Adjective, and Noun. The study also finds a relation between idiom and culture.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penggunaan idiom di dalam bahasa Inggris, termasuk fungsi dalam kalimat dan artinya. Penelitian ini juga berusaha untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara idiom dan budaya setempat. Data diperoleh dari Mc Graw Hill's Dictionary of American Idioms and Phrasal Verbs karangan Richard A. Spears, Ph.D and A Book of English Idioms yang ditulis oleh V.H. Collins. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa idiom di dalam bahasa Inggris bisa berbentuk frase, klausa, dan kalimat. Pola frase Unsur Hewan + Kata Benda, Kata Sifat + unsur Hewan, Kata Kerja + Unsur Hewan, Unsur Hewan + Preposisi, dan Unsur Hewan + Kata Kerja. Idiom tersebut dapat berfungsi sebagai Kata Kerja, Kata Sifat, dan Kata Benda. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan hubungan antara idiom dan budaya setempat. Kebudayann memberi pengaruh penggunaan idiom.Kata Kunci: Idiom, Hewan, Arti, Buday

Modeling thermodynamic and transport properties of soft and porous materials

Molecular simulations are computer experiments that allow us to investigate thermodynamic and transport properties of complex chemical systems. Here, we have investigated self-assembly of organogelators and analysed the diffusion characteristics of small molecules in the nanopores of zeolites. Molecular gels are attractive soft-materials with viscoelastic properties with applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, sensing, etc. Small organic amphiphilic gelators act as a building block of complex 3-dimensional network in molecular gels. Due to time and length scale differences, the understanding and characterization of early stage aggregation of gelators is difficult using experimental techniques. Classical and quantum mechanical approaches have been used to understand the self-assembly of gelator molecules and to rationalize the gelation. We have used density functional theory (DFT) to derive new quantity namely, pseudo-cohesive energy density to rationalize the gelation of di-Fmoc-L-lysine. Molecular dynamics is used to probe the self-assembly and conformation of gelators in DMSO-water. We have also studied the self-assembly of 12-hydroxyoctadecanamide in octane. We used DFT to calculate the dimer energy in the vacuum and meta-dynamics simulation to calculate potential of mean force in the condensed phase. Interestingly, we found that, dimer energetics was not sufficient to elucidate bulk aggregation behavior, such as, probability distribution of different dimers in aggregation. We also observed different types of branched and mesh-like networks in the aggregation, which are analogous to the network found through experimental imaging techniques. Zeolites are crystalline materials with well defined nanoporous channels and act as molecular sieves. They are attractive for catalytic applications due to their tunable Bronsted and Lewis acidity. A wide array of zeolite polymorph offers versatile micro and meso-porous channels to accommodate small molecules like glucose to big and complex lignocellulose molecules for undergoing chemical transformations. In this current study, we present the transport properties of -glucose into Faujisite zeolite framework. We have investigated the trajectory of the glucose molecule into porous material and found that, the diffusivity of glucose inside zeolite pore is two order of magnitude smaller than that of bulk solutions. We have also observed the variable loading rate of glucose molecule inside pore at different temperatures

IMPLEMENTING OF POLYTECHNIC STUDENTS’ ABILITY OF WRITING APPLICATION LETTERS

Writing an English application letter is one of ‘Job Getting’ materials. The writing results can measure the students’ writing ability in English. This study aims to describe the writing quality of English application letter made by State Polytechnic of Balikpapan students. It also tries to explain frequent errors in the application letter. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data obtained were assessed based on a scoring rubric adapted from Cohen (1994). There are four criteria assessed including Content, Organization, Grammar, and Mechanic. The data results are presented in the tables, graphs, and description. The results show (1) Most of the students' abilities are at Scale 4 and none has the ability at Scale 1. The average number of each component is Content 3,95; Organization 3,89; Grammar 3,38; and Mechanic 3,30. (2) Errors made in writing application letters can be found in all components. Most mistakes were made by students in all components, respectively, mechanic, grammar, organization, and content

Reading Handbook Development Based on TOEIC For Balikpapan State Polytechnic Students (Research and Development Study)

This research aims to develop the existing reading handbook that is related to the students' needs and students’ English proficiency at Balikpapan State Polytechnic. The research method used research and development (R & D) for developing a supplementary existing reading handbook based on TOEIC. The R & D study is divided into 2 stages: (1) exploration stage, consisting of library research, document analysis, and needs analysis. Based on the findings of the exploration stage, it can be concluded that: (a) the students have difficulty in analyzing the question pattern of completion and error recognition; (b) the students do not master the vocabularies of TOEIC reading comprehension ;(c) the students do not familiar with the context of TOEIC reading text; (d) the students have difficulty to analyze the pattern of TOEIC reading comprehension question; and (2) development stage, consisting of numerous steps aimed at designing  the supplementary existingreading handbook based on TOEIC : (a) designing prototype based on the result of exploration stage; (b) experts’ validation; (c) trying out the prototype; (d) final revision. The result shows that supplementary existing reading handbook based on TOEIC can help the students increase their TOEIC reading score and useful in their job field

Islamic Social Finance Optimalization For Economic Growth (Covid 19 In Indonesia)

Covid 19 has had a significant impact on financial institutions and the middle and lower classes in Indonesia. This study aims to optimize the ISF to increase economic growth amid the pandemic. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach and library research techniques. Zakat can quickly raise funds for food aid programs, health, and other consumptive programs so that zakat can overcome the Covid 19 pandemic food crisis. Meanwhile, in the long term, zakat is optimized in education and economic programs. Infaq and alms can be obtained directly in cash from the zakat collection unit and the community. Waqf instruments are more intended for long-term periods, especially cash waqf in Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk to attract waqf for waqf and invest in developing infrastructure. The research concludes that ISF is a solution in increasing economic growth amid the Covid 19 pandemic by plotting these instruments in the short and long term. So that society can be resolved optimally, and the economy can survive and experience average growth again

Peningkatan Kualitas dan Kuantitas Air Bersih di Masjid Al-Hijrah Karang Joang Kota Balikpapan

Kebutuhan akan air baku adalah hal yang paling mendasar dalam kehidupan sehari- hari terutama dalam kebutuhan tempat ibadah di Masjid Al-Hijrah Km. 8 Kelurahan Karang Joang Kecamatan Balikpapan Utara. Sumber air utama di Masjid tersebut masih mengandalkan sumur bor dikarenakan belum terinstalasinya jalur pipa induk PDAM di wilayah tersebut. Namun, kualitas air baku di Masjid tersebut masih tidak layak untuk digunakan berwudhu dan bersuci dikarenakan kadar kekeruhan, keasaman, dan zat besi yang tinggi melampaui kadar yang diijinkan sesuai standar Permenkes. Pembangunan WTP di Masjid tersebut sangat bermanfaat sebagai peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas air bersih. Dimensi dari bangunan WTP ialah 200 x 300 cm dengan tinggi 100 cm, sehingga bangunan WTP tersebut mampu menampung air bersih sekitar 5 m3. Sebagai penyaring dasar dari sumur air bor, bangunan WTP dilengkapi dengan material pengisi filter berupa batu pecah, arang, geotextile, dan pasir. Tahapan kegiatan dimulai dengan perencanaan desain bangunan dan sistem filter WTP, pelaksanaan pekerjaan bangunan WTP, dan pengisian filter air. Pekerjaan bangunan WTP ini diselesaikan dengan durasi 30 hari

Mind Mapping Strategy to Develop Students’ Ability in Writing a Descriptive Text Grade VII-9 at SMPN 14 Malang

ABSTRAK   Huda, Masrul. 2011. Mind Mapping Strategy to Develop Students’ Ability in Writing a Descriptive Text Grade VII-9 at SMPN 14 Malang .Thesis. Undergraduate Program in English Language Education, State University of Malang. Advisor: Prof. Dr. Hj. Nur Mukminatien, M.Pd.   Key words: mind mapping, writing ability This study was conducted on the basis of the problems faced by the researcher in English teaching in the classroom. When conducting Internship Program in SMPN 14 Malang in the first grade in the second semester showed that the students’ ability in writing English was still low. Based on the preliminary study, there were several problems found. First, the students faced difficulties in starting and organizing the ideas (pre-writing stage). They did not know how to start, discover, and choose many ideas which come to their mind. Second, they got problem in producing a unified paragraph. The problem made the paragraph was difficult to be understood. The last problem was that the students neither active nor motivated in writing activity. In response to the problem, this study was focused on solving the problem related to how the students generate and organize the ideas to write for the topic. This study proposes mind mapping with the proper model to develop the seventh year students’ ability in writing a descriptive text. The research problem is “How can Mind Mapping Strategy develop the students’ writing ability in descriptive writing Grade VII-9 at SMPN 14 Malang?” The design of the study is collaborative classroom action research. Both the researcher and the class teacher worked together in cyclic activities - Planning, Implementing, Observing, and Reflecting on the data gained from the teaching and learning process which run in two cycles. Cycle I covered four meetings while Cycle II covered three meetings. The subjects of the study were the students of class VII-9 of the second semester in the 2010/2011 academic year which consisted of 45 students. The instruments used were the students’ writing task, observation checklist, and field notes. The reflection was based on the findings. Then, they were compared to the criteria of success, namely if 75% of students of the class got more or equal to 65 and if at least 75% of the students in the class were involved in the implementation of the strategy in writing activities. The result of the reflection was used to determine the planning for the next cycle. After implementing the model of mind mapping in the writing class, it was found that the procedures of a proper model developed in implementing mind mapping were as follows: First, model texts were spread out. Second, discussing and drawing Mind Mapping based on the text (Joint Construction). Third, the students brought the picture (favorite idol) by themselves (Cycle I) and made themselves as model (Cycle II) and drew Mind Mapping based on the pictures. Fourth, giving the students guided vocabulary items. Fifth, asking the students to write a rough draft based on the mind mapping. Sixth, asking the students to revise the draft focusing on the content, organization, and grammar. Seventh, asking the student to edit the draft focusing on the mechanics. Eighth, the products were published to the class. The research findings indicate that the students were active during the writing activities and the students’ writing ability developed after the action was implemented. The improvement is shown by the increase of the percentage of the students’ achievement in writing a descriptive text. The percentage of the students achieving the score greater than or equal to 65 increases from 51% in Cycle I to be 91% in Cycle II. The students’ involvement increases from 59.63% in Cycle I to be 82.25% in Cycle II. Based on the research findings, two suggestions are provided for teachers and future researches. In implementing the strategy, teachers should be aware of the following considerations.  In using the media “pictures”, the teacher has to make sure that the media will help the students in writing process. The teacher should clarify their instruction in Bahasa Indonesia in order to avoid misunderstanding between the teacher and the students. In addition, dictionary or vocabulary guides should be provided also. The recommendation for the future researchers is to conduct the research by implementing Mind Mapping Strategy in other language skills. It is done to know whether or not Mind Mapping Strategy can be used to improve listening, speaking, and reading skills

The analysis of President Jokowi's Speech at the 2014 APEC CEO Summit in China

The speech was chosen because it was the first time President Jokowi used English in a speech at an international forum. This speech became a hot topic among economists because at that time Indonesia was experiencing an unstable economic situation. The research purposes are to describe the types and functions of speech acts and to describe the obedience and deviation of the politeness principles in President Jokowi's speech. The method used in this research is descriptive method, describing data based on existing facts or phenomena that are empirically alive to its speakers, resulting in notes in the form of language descriptions. The conclusions are (1) There are various types of illocutionary speech acts: assertive speech acts, commissive speech acts, expressive speech acts, expressive speech acts, and declarative speech acts. (2) Realization of obedience and deviation of President Jokowi's speech, including two utterances adhere to the maxims of wisdom, one utterance adheres to the maxim of humility, one deviation from the maxim of generosity, and two utterances deviate from the maxim of humility. (3) There are no utterances containing obedience or deviation from the maxims of praise, agreement, and maxim of sympathy