105 research outputs found
The Bohm sheath criterion in strongly coupled complex plasmas
A modification of the classical Bohm sheath criterion is investigated in complex plasmas containing Boltzmann electrons, cold fluid ions and strongly coupled microparticles. Equilibrium is provided by an effective 'temperature' associated with electrostatic interactions between charged grains. Using the small-potential expansion approach of the Sagdeev potential, a significant reduction of the ion Bohm velocity is obtained for complex plasma parameters relevant for experiments. The result is of consequence for all problems involving ion drag on microparticles, including parametric instability, structure formation, wave propagation, etc
Agglomeration of microparticles in complex plasmas
Agglomeration of highly charged microparticles was observed and studied in
complex plasma experiments carried out in a capacitively coupled rf discharge.
The agglomeration was caused by strong dust density waves triggered in a
particle cloud by decreasing neutral gas pressure. Using a high-speed camera
during this unstable regime, it was possible to resolve the motion of
individual microparticles and to show that the relative velocities of some
particles were sufficiently high to overcome the mutual Coulomb repulsion and
hence to result in agglomeration. After stabilising the cloud again through the
increase of the pressure, we were able to observe the aggregates directly with
a long-distance microscope. We show that the agglomeration rate deduced from
our experiments is in good agreement with theoretical estimates. In addition,
we briefly discuss the mechanisms that can provide binding of highly charged
microparticles in a plasma.Comment: submitted to Phys. Plasm
Channeling of particles and associated anomalous transport in a 2D complex plasma crystal
Implications of recently discovered effect of channeling of upstream extra
particles for transport phenomena in a two-dimensional plasma crystal are
discussed. Upstream particles levitated above the lattice layer and tended to
move between the rows of lattice particles. An example of heat transport is
considered, where upstream particles act as moving heat sources, which may lead
to anomalous heat transport. The average channeling length observed was 15 - 20
interparticle distances. New features of the channeling process are also
reported
Wake-mediated propulsion of an upstream particle in two-dimensional plasma crystals
The wake-mediated propulsion of an "extra" particle in a channel of two
neighboring rows of a two-dimensional plasma crystal, observed experimentally
by Du et al. [Phys. Rev. E 89, 021101(R) (2014)], is explained in simulations
and theory. We use the simple model of a pointlike ion wake charge to reproduce
this intriguing effect in simulations, allowing for a detailed investigation
and a deeper understanding of the underlying dynamics. We show that the
nonreciprocity of the particle interaction, owing to the wake charges, is
responsible for a broken symmetry of the channel that enables a persistent
self-propelled motion of the extra particle. We find good agreement of the
terminal extra-particle velocity with our theoretical considerations and with
experiments.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, PRL (https://journals.aps.org/prl/), updated
version with correct author affiliation
High-voltage nanosecond pulses in a low-pressure radiofrequency discharge
An influence of a high-voltage (3-17 kV) 20 ns pulse on a weakly-ionized
low-pressure (0.1-10 Pa) capacitively-coupled radiofrequency (RF) argon plasma
is studied experimentally. The plasma evolution after pulse exhibits two
characteristic regimes: a bright flash, occurring within 100 ns after the pulse
(when the discharge emission increases by 2-3 orders of magnitude over the
steady-state level), and a dark phase, lasting a few hundreds \mu s (when the
intensity of the discharge emission drops significantly below the steady-state
level). The electron density increases during the flash and remains very large
at the dark phase. 1D3V particle-in-cell simulations qualitatively reproduce
both regimes and allow for detailed analysis of the underlying mechanisms. It
is found that the high-voltage nanosecond pulse is capable of removing a
significant fraction of plasma electrons out of the discharge gap, and that the
flash is the result of the excitation of gas atoms, triggered by residual
electrons accelerated in the electric field of immobile bulk ions. The
secondary emission from the electrodes due to vacuum UV radiation plays an
important role at this stage. High-density plasma generated during the flash
provides efficient screening of the RF field (which sustains the steady-state
plasma). This leads to the electron cooling and, hence, onset of the dark
phase
Nonlinear structures of strongly coupled complex plasmas in the proximity of a presheath/sheath edge
The formation of a steady-state nonlinear potential structure of a double-layer type near the presheath/sheath edge of a plasma discharge is theoretically investigated in complex plasmas containing Boltzmann electrons, cold fluid ions and strongly coupled microparticles. Equilibrium of the particles is provided by the electrostatic force and an effective 'dust pressure' associated with electrostatic interactions between the highly charged grains. The results are of importance for complex plasma experiments in microgravity conditions, for thermophoretically levitated configurations and for processing plasmas loaded by nanometer-sized microparticles
Glass-Transition Properties from Hard Spheres to Charged Point Particles
The glass transition is investigated in three dimensions for single and
double Yukawa potentials for the full range of control parameters. For
vanishing screening parameter, the limit of the one-component plasma is
obtained; for large screening parameters and high coupling strengths, the
glass-transition properties crossover to the hard-sphere system. Between the
two limits, the entire transition diagram can be described by analytical
functions. Different from other potentials, the glass-transition and melting
lines for Yukawa potentials are found to follow shifted but otherwise identical
curves in control-parameter space.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Network analysis of 3D complex plasma clusters in a rotating electric field
Network analysis was used to study the structure and time evolution of driven
three-dimensional complex plasma clusters. The clusters were created by
suspending micron-size particles in a glass box placed on top of the rf
electrode in a capacitively coupled discharge. The particles were highly
charged and manipulated by an external electric field that had a constant
magnitude and uniformly rotated in the horizontal plane. Depending on the
frequency of the applied electric field, the clusters rotated in the direction
of the electric field or remained stationary. The positions of all particles
were measured using stereoscopic digital in-line holography. The network
analysis revealed the interplay between two competing symmetries in the
cluster. The rotating cluster was shown to be more cylindrical than the
nonrotating cluster. The emergence of vertical strings of particles was also
confirmed.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures; corrected Fig.4 and typo
The approach to diamond growth on levitating seed particles
Abstract We demonstrate the approach of diamond growth on levitating seed particles in a rf plasma. We introduce a hot filament chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique into the rf plasma chamber in order to obtain improved crystal growth. Firstly, we confirmed diamond nucleation on seed particles placed on a Si substrate using the hot filament CVD. The deposition conditions, namely the total pressure and the rf power, were chosen so that they correspond to particles levitation conditions. We observe that a hydrogen pre-treatment on the seed particles improves the nucleation. Secondly, we confirm the levitation of particles at high temperatures. Fine particles levitated in a plasma are particularly sensitive to thermophoretic effects due to inhomogeneities in the gas heating. Therefore, proper heating procedures are required for successful particles levitation
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