Fulvestrant, an estrogen receptor inhibitor, relieves postoperative hemorrhoid edema via up-regulation of miR- 424-5p

Purpose: To investigate estrogen receptor (ER) expression in postoperative hemorrhoid edema tissues, and the likely mechanism involved in fulvestrant-mediated reduction of postoperative hemorrhoid edema.Methods: One hundred and eighty-five patients admitted to Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai who accepted hemorrhoidectomy were enrolled in this study. Primary cells were extracted from the anal margin tissues of patients for the determination of changes in ERα and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In vitro cellular experiments were performed in primary vascular endothelial cells to verify whether ER promoted postoperative perianal edema via the miR-424-5p estrogen receptor α gene (ESR1) axis. The cells were exposed to Fulvestrant, estradiol, and miR-424-5p mimic. Changes in expressions of ERα and VEGF were determined.Results: Fourteen patients (7.57 %), comprising 2 males (2.60 %) and 12 females (11.1 %), developedpostoperative anal margin edema. There was a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative anal edema between males and females (p < 0.05). Both immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting revealed markedly higher ERα levels in postoperative anal edema tissues than in preoperative tissues (p < 0.05). Moreover, ERα level was regulated by estradiol, and miR-424-5p targeted the estrogen receptor α gene (ESR1).Conclusion: Estradiol inhibits miR-424-5p through ERα in perianal tissues after hemorrhoid surgery. It increases VEGF and promotes perianal edema. However, fulvestrant inhibits ERα, thereby reducing VEGF expression and mitigating postoperative hemorrhoid edema, and therefore, has potential application for the management of postoperative hemorrhoid edema

Methyl 2-(5-fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxoacetate

The indolyl portion of the title mol­ecule, C11H8FNO3, is flat, the five- and six-membered rings making a dihedral angle of 0.815 (6)°. Inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link adjacent mol­ecules into a linear chain. Slipped π–π stacking inter­actions between two neighboring indole groups further consolidate the mol­ecules into a three-dimensional supra­molecular architecture [centroid–centroid distances = 3.555 (10) and 3.569 (10) Å]

MiR-455-3p regulates glioma cell proliferation by targeting PAX6

Purpose: To investigate the role of miR-455-3p in gliomas. Method: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miR-455-3p and paired box 6 (PAX6) levels in glioma cell lines. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression of cell cycle regulators. In addition to over-expression, silencing of miR-455-3p or PAX6 was performed to study the functions of miR-455-3p in gliomas. Results: The levels of miR-455-3p were significantly up-regulated in glioma cell lines (p < 0.05), while miR-455-3p over-expression increased glioma cell proliferation and interfered with the progress of the cell cycle (p < 0.01). Furthermore, endogenous miR-455-3p silencing prevented glioma cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle progression (p < 0.05).The results also showed that PAX6 controlled the cell cycle while PAX6 silencing selectively regulated p21 expression (p < 0.01). Furthermore, miR-455-3p and PAX6 influenced p53 expression. Re-introduction of PAX6 expressing vector into glioma cells rescued the pro-tumoral effect of miR-455-3p overexpression. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the role of miR-455-3p as a tumour oncogene in gliomas via regulation of the cell cycle, indicating that miR-455-3p might act as a new treatment strategy for glioma cell tumours and a predictor of survival in glioma patients

A STUDY ON ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF CAULIS SPATHOLOBI EXTRACT ON HUMAN OSTEOSARCOMA SAOS-2 CELLS

The objective of the present study was to investigate the anticancer activity of Chinese medicine Caulis Spatholobi extract on multicentric osteosarcoma cells. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to determine the total flavonoid content in each sample; vanillin sulphuric acid assay was used to determine the condensed tannin content in each sample; and the varying degrees of inhibitory activities of ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of Caulis Spatholobi on human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells were studied. The results showed that the inhibitory activity of ethyl acetate extract was the highest among the four extracts. The condensed tannin contents of 1.2 mg/mL Caulis Spatholobi water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract and petroleum ether extract were 26.23%, 48.36%, 70.18% and 40.51% respectively; and condensed tannin content of 1.5 mg/mL Caulis Spatholobi water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract and petroleum ether extract were 4.15%, 5.81%, 8.76% and 7.30% respectively

Long Term Results of Anterior Corpectomy and Fusion for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

BACKGROUND: Results showed good clinical outcomes of anterior corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) during a short term follow-up; however, studies assessing long term results are relatively scarce. In this study we intended to assess the long term clinical and radiographic outcomes, find out the factors that may affect the long term clinical outcome and evaluate the incidence of adjacent segment disease (ASD). METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 145 consecutive CSM patients on ACCF treatment with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Clinical data were collected from medical and operative records. Patients were evaluated by using the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system preoperatively and during the follow-up. X-rays results of cervical spine were obtained from all patients. Correlations between the long term clinical outcome and various factors were also analyzed. FINDINGS: Ninety-three males and fifty-two females completed the follow-up. The mean age at operation was 51.0 years, and the mean follow-up period was 102.1 months. Both postoperative sagittal segmental alignment (SSA) and the sagittal alignment of the whole cervical spine (SACS) increased significantly in terms of cervical lordosis. The mean increase of JOA was 3.8 ± 1.3 postoperatively, and the overall recovery rate was 62.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative duration of symptoms >12 months, high-intensity signal in spinal cord and preoperative JOA score ≤ 9 were important predictors of the fair recovery rate (≤ 50%). Repeated surgery due to ASD was performed in 7 (4.8%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: ACCF with anterior plate fixation is a reliable and effective method for treating CSM in terms of JOA score and the recovery rate. The correction of cervical alignment and the repeated surgery rate for ASD are also considered to be satisfactory