EQUIVALENT THICKNESS COEFFICIENT OF COLD CENTRAL PLANT RECYCLING PAVEMENT STRUCTURE

        This research focuses on the equivalent relationship between cold central plant recycling mixture and hot mix asphalt. In this paper, the pavement surface condition index (PCI) was calculated by the road surface conditions investigating, which was used as the evaluation standard. The unreasonable data were removed by SPSS software. The existing decay equation of pavement performance was simplified by MATLAB, and optimized by the Marquardt and global optimization methods. The survey data were fitted nonlinearly by 1stOpt software. Ultimately, the multivariate nonlinear regression optimization equation of the equivalent thickness coefficient was established. The results show that the cold central plant recycling with the emulsified asphalt (CREA) pavement equivalent thickness coefficient is 0.587. The cold central plant recycling with the foamed asphalt (CRFA) pavement equivalent thickness coefficient is 0.632. In addition, the performance of 10 cm cold central plant recycling pavement is equivalent to 6 cm the traditional hot mix asphalt pavement. The dispersion of the CREA is greater than that of the CRFA significantly

Experimental study on natural vibration frequency identification of hydraulic concrete structure using concrete piezoceramic smart module

The identification of structural modal parameter is an important link in the dynamics monitoring and diagnosis for the structural health. The passive monitoring mode of piezoceramic is used to solve the natural vibration frequency identification problem of hydraulic concrete structure. Based on self-made concrete piezoelectric smart module (CPSM), a system is developed to obtain the modal parameters of hydraulic concrete structure. The CPSM is regarded as a sensor to monitor passively the structural natural vibration frequency. The method and process are proposed to identify the natural vibration frequency of hydraulic concrete structure. Based on the physical model and numerical simulation model, the rationality and feasibility of the proposed method are verified

Heat and Mass Transfer in Outward Convex Corrugated Tube Heat Exchangers

Heat and mass transfer in outward convex corrugated tube heat exchangers is of significant importance for the optimization, fabrication, and application of outward convex corrugated tube heat exchangers. This chapter gives a deep investigation of the heat and mass transfer in outward convex corrugated tube heat exchangers. Based on the experimental setup developed, the performances of a novel outward convex corrugated tube heat exchanger are presented. Simulation methods are then used to detail the heat and mass transfer at tube side and shell side of the outward convex corrugated tube heat exchanger, and these include the flow structure, temperature distribution, and turbulence kinetic energy. Heat and mass transfer enhancements of the outward convex corrugated tube heat exchanger are also studied, and they are from tube side, shell side, and overall system aspects. Finally, multi-objective optimization of the outward convex corrugated tube heat exchanger is conducted to obtain the optimal performances through using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). Main conclusions and future outlook are then briefly stated and summarized. We firmly believe that the contents presented in this chapter can not only enrich the knowledge of heat exchangers but also develop methods for studying heat exchangers

Substitution of manure for chemical fertilizer affects soil microbial community diversity, structure and function in greenhouse vegetable production systems

Soil microbial communities and enzyme activities together affect various ecosystem functions of soils. Fertilization, an important agricultural management practice, is known to modify soil microbial characteristics; however, inconsistent results have been reported. The aim of this research was to make a comparative study of the effects of different nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates and types (organic and inorganic) on soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities and microbial attributes in a greenhouse vegetable production (GVP) system of Tianjin, China. Results showed that manure substitution of chemical fertilizer, especially at a higher substitution rate, improved soil physicochemical properties (higher soil organic C (SOC) and nutrient (available N and P) contents; lower bulk densities), promoted microbial growth (higher total phospholipid fatty acids and microbial biomass C contents) and activity (higher soil hydrolase activities). Manure application induced a higher fungi/bacteria ratio due to a lower response in bacterial than fungal growth. Also, manure application greatly increased bacterial stress indices, as well as microbial communities and functional diversity. The principal component analysis showed that the impact of manure on microbial communities and enzyme activities were more significant than those of chemical fertilizer. Furthermore, redundancy analysis indicated that SOC and total N strongly influenced the microbial composition, while SOC and ammonium-N strongly influenced the microbial activity. In conclusion, manure substitution of inorganic fertilizer, especially at a higher substitution rate, was more efficient for improving soil quality and biological functions.</p

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) enhances functional thermal and chemical responses of TRP cation channels in human synoviocytes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We have shown functional expression of several TRP channels on human synovial cells, proposing significance in known calcium dependent proliferative and secretory responses in joint inflammation. The present study further characterizes synoviocyte TRP expression and activation responses to thermal and osmotic stimuli after pre-treatment with proinflammatory mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α, EC50 1.3221 × 10^-10g/L).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Fluorescent imaging of Fura-2 loaded human SW982 synoviocytes reveals immediate and delayed cytosolic calcium oscillations elicited by (1) TRPV1 agonists capsaicin and resiniferatoxin (20 – 40% of cells), (2) moderate and noxious temperature change, and (3) osmotic stress TRPV4 activation (11.5% of cells). TNF-alpha pre-treatment (1 ng/ml, 8 – 16 hr) significantly increases (doubles) capsaicin responsive cell numbers and [Ca2+]i spike frequency, as well as enhances average amplitude of temperature induced [Ca²⁺]_iresponses. With TNF-alpha pre-treatment for 8, 12, and 16 hr, activation with 36 or 45 degree bath solution induces bimodal [Ca²⁺]_iincrease (temperature controlled chamber). Initial temperature induced rapid transient spikes and subsequent slower rise reflect TRPV1 and TRPV4 channel activation, respectively. Only after prolonged TNF-alpha exposure (12 and 16 hr) is recruitment of synoviocytes observed with sensitized TRPV4 responses to hypoosmolarity (3–4 fold increase). TNF-alpha increases TRPV1 (8 hr peak) and TRPV4 (12 hr peak) immunostaining, mRNA and protein expression, with a TRPV1 shift to membrane fractions.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>TNF-α provides differentially enhanced synoviocyte TRPV1 and TRPV4 expression and [Ca²⁺]_iresponse dependent on the TRP stimulus and time after exposure. Augmented relevance of TRPV1 and TRPV4 as inflammatory conditions persist would provide calcium mediated cell signaling required for pathophysiological responses of synoviocytes in inflammatory pain states.</p

Duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection compared to pancreaticoduodenectomy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of surgical outcomes

ObjectivesIn this systemic review and network meta-analysis, we investigated pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD), and different modifications of duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) to evaluate the efficacy of different surgical procedures.MethodsA systemic search of six databases was conducted to identify studies comparing PD, PPPD, and DPPHR for treating pancreatic head benign and low-grade malignant lesions. Meta-analyses and network meta-analyses were performed to compare different surgical procedures.ResultsA total of 44 studies were enrolled in the final synthesis. Three categories of a total of 29 indexes were investigated. The DPPHR group had better working ability, physical status, less loss of body weight, and less postoperative discomfort than the Whipple group, while both groups had no differences in quality of life (QoL), pain scale scores, and other 11 indexes. Network meta-analysis of a single procedure found that DPPHR had a larger probability of best performance in seven of eight analyzed indexes than PD or PPPD.ConclusionDPPHR and PD/PPPD have equal effects on improving QoL and pain relief, while PD/PPPD has more severe symptoms and more complications after surgery. PD, PPPD, and DPPHR procedures exhibit different strengths in treating pancreatic head benign and low-grade malignant lesions.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42022342427

PT{\cal PT} Symmetry and PT{\cal PT}-Enhanced Quantum Sensing in a Spin-Boson System

Open systems, governed by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, evolve fundamentally differently from their Hermitian counterparts and facilitate many unusual applications. Although non-Hermitian but parity-time (${\cal PT}$) symmetric dynamics has been realized in a variety of classical or semiclassical systems, its fully quantum-mechanical demonstration is still lacking. Here we ingeniously engineer a highly controllable anti-Hermitian spin-boson model in a circuit quantum-electrodynamical structure composed of a decaying artificial atom (pseudospin) interacting with a bosonic mode stored in a microwave resonator. Besides observing abrupt changes in the spin-boson entanglement evolution and bifurcation transition in quantum Rabi splitting, we demonstrate super-sensitive quantum sensing by mapping the observable of interest to a hitherto unobserved ${\cal PT}$-manifested entanglement evolution. These results pave the way for exploring non-Hermitian entanglement dynamics and ${\cal PT}$-enhanced quantum sensing empowered by nonclassical correlations.Comment: 25 pages, 19 figure

Single-molecule photon-fueled DNA nanoscissors for DNA cleavage based on the regulation of substrate binding affinity by azobenzene

National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB732402]; National Scientific Foundation of China [21205100, 21075104]; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province for Distinguished Young Scholars [2010 J06004]A pair of single-molecule photo-responsive DNA nanoscissors for DNA cleavage based on the regulation of substrate binding affinity was designed and fabricated. Compared with other DNA nanomachines, our DNA nanoscissors have the advantages of a clean switching mechanism, as well as robust and highly reversible operation

An increased abundance of tumor-infiltrating regulatory t cells is correlated with the progression and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) can inhibit cytotoxic responses. Though several studies have analyzed Treg frequency in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) patients using flow cytometry (FCM), few studies have examined how intratumoral Tregs might contribute to immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, the potential role of intratumoral Tregs in PDA patients remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that the percentages of Tregs, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were all increased significantly in tumor tissue compared to control pancreatic tissue, as assessed via FCM, whereas the percentages of these cell types in PBMCs did not differ between PDA patients and healthy volunteers. The percentages of CD8 + T cells in tumors were significantly lower than in PDA patient PBMCs. In addition, the relative numbers of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and CD8+ T cells were negatively correlated in the tissue of PDA patients, and the abundance of Tregs was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation. Additionally, Foxp3+ T cells were observed more frequently in juxtatumoral stroma (immediately adjacent to the tumor epithelial cells). Patients showing an increased prevalence of Foxp3+ T cells had a poorer prognosis, which was an independent factor for patient survival. These results suggest that Tregs may promote PDA progression by inhibiting the antitumor immunity of CD8+ T cells at local intratumoral sites. Moreover, a high proportion of Tregs in tumor tissues may reflect suppressed antitumor immunity. Copyright: © 2014 Tang et al

Research on e-commerce intelligent service based on Data Mining

With the rapid development of electronic commerce in China, a large amount of information data will be generated at every moment. How to excavate useful information is becoming an important problem In the big data age. Firstly, the smart service model of E-Commerce based on data mining was proposed, and user group mining, user interest mining, industry and domain knowledge mining and business association mining were used to bridge the gap between the big data application and requirements of smart service. Then the technical support system of E-Commerce data mining based on Hadoop platform was suggested to provide technical solution for implementation of smart service applications. And finally, the scenario knowledge recommendation service with the support of big data mining were discussed