Results and perspectives on policing as part of the national security sector

The police are one of the actors involved in ensuring national security. Therefore, the relevance of this article stems from the need to ensure effective performance. The issue of studying the experience of countries in this field is relevant to find the best models to assess the activities of these structures, which will contribute to a better performance of tasks assigned to them by law - this is one of the tools to assess the performance of the police. The aim of the article was to investigate the peculiarities of police performance assessment, thereby identifying practices that can improve the assessment of police performance. The objective was achieved by using dogmatic, statistical, comparative legal methods and a system-structural approach. The authors revealed the peculiarities of police assessment in Ukraine, the USA, Canada, France and the UK. The focus is on the assessment of police performance based on the level of citizens' trust and statistical data. The conclusion is made that citizens' trust in the police is necessary for the effective performance of its tasks. It is noted that the use of statistics to draw an objective conclusion about police performance is questionable because of the ability of police management to manipulate the data. It is concluded that each of these areas needs significant improvement. The findings are complementary to previous studies and have implications for improving the assessment of Ukrainian police performance and police performance in foreign countries

Problems of soil boning in Zaporizhzhia region in modern land resources assessment

На основі власних польових досліджень, даних лабораторії моніторингу ґрунтів і якості продукції рослинництва Таврійського державного агротехнологічного університету імені Дмитра Моторного, матеріалів Запорізької філії ДУ «Інститут охорони ґрунтів України», а також аналізу ґрунтових карт, картограм агровиробничих груп ґрунтів, даних фізико-хімічних властивостей і морфологічних ознак ґрунтів представлено якісну оцінку ґрунтів області за районами та здійснено класифікацію їх угрупувань за вмістом гумусу, що дало можливість скласти відповідні карти

A multiscale hybrid model for pro-angiogenic calcium signals in a vascular endothelial cell

Cytosolic calcium machinery is one of the principal signaling mechanisms by which endothelial cells (ECs) respond to external stimuli during several biological processes, including vascular progression in both physiological and pathological conditions. Low concentrations of angiogenic factors (such as VEGF) activate in fact complex pathways involving, among others, second messengers arachidonic acid (AA) and nitric oxide (NO), which in turn control the activity of plasma membrane calcium channels. The subsequent increase in the intracellular level of the ion regulates fundamental biophysical properties of ECs (such as elasticity, intrinsic motility, and chemical strength), enhancing their migratory capacity. Previously, a number of continuous models have represented cytosolic calcium dynamics, while EC migration in angiogenesis has been separately approached with discrete, lattice-based techniques. These two components are here integrated and interfaced to provide a multiscale and hybrid Cellular Potts Model (CPM), where the phenomenology of a motile EC is realistically mediated by its calcium-dependent subcellular events. The model, based on a realistic 3-D cell morphology with a nuclear and a cytosolic region, is set with known biochemical and electrophysiological data. In particular, the resulting simulations are able to reproduce and describe the polarization process, typical of stimulated vascular cells, in various experimental conditions.Moreover, by analyzing the mutual interactions between multilevel biochemical and biomechanical aspects, our study investigates ways to inhibit cell migration: such strategies have in fact the potential to result in pharmacological interventions useful to disrupt malignant vascular progressio

A Common Ca2+-Driven Interdomain Module Governs Eukaryotic NCX Regulation

Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) proteins mediate Ca2+-fluxes across the cell membrane to maintain Ca2+ homeostasis in many cell types. Eukaryotic NCX contains Ca2+-binding regulatory domains, CBD1 and CBD2. Ca2+ binding to a primary sensor (Ca3-Ca4 sites) on CBD1 activates mammalian NCXs, whereas CALX, a Drosophila NCX ortholog, displays an inhibitory response to regulatory Ca2+. To further elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanisms, we determined the 2.7 Å crystal structure of mammalian CBD12-E454K, a two-domain construct that retains wild-type properties. In conjunction with stopped-flow kinetics and SAXS (small-angle X-ray scattering) analyses of CBD12 mutants, we show that Ca2+ binding to Ca3-Ca4 sites tethers the domains via a network of interdomain salt-bridges. This Ca2+-driven interdomain switch controls slow dissociation of “occluded” Ca2+ from the primary sensor and thus dictates Ca2+ sensing dynamics. In the Ca2+-bound conformation, the interdomain angle of CBD12 is very similar in NCX and CALX, meaning that the interdomain distances cannot account for regulatory diversity in NCX and CALX. Since the two-domain interface is nearly identical among eukaryotic NCXs, including CALX, we suggest that the Ca2+-driven interdomain switch described here represents a general mechanism for initial conduction of regulatory signals in NCX variants

Formation of ecological worldview of future teachers of geography when studying the course «Physical Geography of Continents and Oceans»

Environmental education is an important part of society's implementation of the strategy of rational use and protection of natural resources. In this regard, the readiness of a student geographer for environmental education at school is considered one of the most important tasks of his professional and pedagogical training. The course «Physical Geography of Continents and Oceans» has great opportunities for its implementation. It has a factual basis for solving many problems of environmental education and education of future geography teachers. Unlike other geographical disciplines, it differs in that the study of the nature of continents and oceans successfully correlates competent and regional review of the nature of the Earth at the planetary and regional level

Geological and economic assessment of Spaska-3 site of the construction sand deposit of Melitopol district of Zaporizhzhia region

The Spaska-3 section of the construction sand deposit has the shape of a trapezoid with a general slope in the north-eastern direction, the surface marks vary in the range from +35.0 to +70.0 m. In geological terms, the mineral of the deposit is represented by Neogene sands of the sea facies of the Pontic tier with a thickness to the horizon of counting reserves from 7.7 to 26.8 m. Absolute marks of the roof of the mineral range from +18.8 to +51.3 m, soles – from +14.3 to +24.5 m

Influence of irrigated irrigation on the geo-ecological status of soils of Southern Ukraine

In the area of insufficient moisture to which southern Ukraine belongs, sustainable agriculture is possible under irrigation conditions. The need for application and the need for reclamation are determined by specific zonal and natural conditions. The south of Ukraine is in conditions of unfavorable water regime (every 2-3 years is dry). However, there was always the need for a balanced approach to their application, in order to prevent the negative impact of irrigation on the geo-ecological status of the land fund