Características Fisiológicas y Antropométricas de Selección Estatal de Muaythai de Nuevo León, México

El rendimiento de los atletas de Muaythai se determinapor características fisiológicas y antropométricas, sin embargo, hemos encontrado un área de oportunidad en la búsqueda de estos datos, por ello, la información sobre los parámetros que deben presentar los peleadores de acuerdo a este deporte son de gran importancia. Objetivo: Conocer el estado de ánimo, síntomas gastrointestinales y sueño, así como características fisiológicas de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, sangre, orina, composición corporal y rendimiento físico de atletas de Selección Estatal de Muaythai de Nuevo León, México rumbo a un Campeonato Nacional. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo con 17 atletas (13 hombres y 4 mujeres) de la selección estatal de Muaythai del estado de Nuevo León, México (Edad: 18.65 ± 7.33 años, talla: 168 ± 4.21 cm, entrenamiento a la semana 12.62 ± 13.90 horas, competencias/año: 3.29 ± 1.79). Al inicio, contestaron tres cuestionarios online acerca del estado de ánimo, síntomas gastrointestinales y sueño. Posteriormente, se realizó una medición de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, toma de sangre y orina. Se evaluó la composición corporal mediante antropometría y se realizó una evaluación de salto con contramovimiento. Resultados: La orina presentó un valor de 1.028 ± 0.015 sg, así como un peso de 64.01 ± 7.03 kg y 57.38 ± 6.73 kg, % grasa de 10.11 ± 25.10% y 15.25 ± 3.27% , % músculo de 55.87 ± 5.88 y 38.86 ± 3.03 y un valor 30 ± 7.42 cm y 25.3 ± 9.08 cm en la altura de salto para hombres y mujeres respectivamente. Conclusión: Los peleadores se encuentran hipohidratados, así como con un peso y masa grasa mayor, además de una masa muscular y una altura del salto menor respecto las diversas disciplinas de combate a nivel mundial. Debido a lo anterior, es necesario establecer parámetros específicos para el Muaythai.The performance of Muaythai athletes is determined by physiological and anthropometric characteristics, however, we have found an area of ​​opportunity in the search for these data, therefore, the information on the parameters that fighters must present according to this sport are from great importance. Objective: To know the state of mind, gastrointestinal symptoms and sleep, as well as physiological characteristics of heart rate variability, blood, urine, body composition and physical performance of athletes of the Muaythai State Selection of Nuevo León, Mexico heading to a Championship. National. Methods: Descriptive study with 17 athletes (13 men and 4 women) of the state Muaythai team of the state of Nuevo León, Mexico (Age: 18.65 ± 7.33 years, height: 168 ± 4.21 cm, training per week 12.62 ± 13.90 hours , competitions/year: 3.29 ± 1.79). At baseline, they answered three online questionnaires about mood, gastrointestinal symptoms, and sleep. Subsequently, a measurement of heart rate variability, blood and urine collection was performed. Body composition was assessed by anthropometry and a countermovement jump test was performed. Results: The urine presented a value of 1.028 ± 0.015 sg, as well as a weight of 64.01 ± 7.03 kg and 57.38 ± 6.73 kg, fat % of 10.11 ± 25.10% and 15.25 ± 3.27%, muscle % of 55.87 ± 5.88 and 38.86 ± 3.03 and a value of 30 ± 7.42 cm and 25.3 ± 9.08 cm in jump height for men and women, respectively. Conclusion: The fighters are hypohydrated, as well as with a higher weight and fat mass, as well as a lower muscle mass and jump height compared to the various combat disciplines worldwide. Due to the above, it is necessary to establish specific parameters for Muaytha

Cortisol y estrés-recuperación durante un periodo competitivo enjugadores de balonman

with the perception of recovery-stress balance in handball players during a training and competition period. Fourteen handball playerstook part in the study during a major competition. Data were collected from six blood samples in order to measure cortisol, and from four applicationsof the RESTQ-Sport for stress-recovery balance assessment. Compared to pre-competition (243.81 ± 36.46 ng/mL), a significative decrease (p< .01) incortisol levels was observed in post-competition (162.22 ± 69.83 ng/mL). The RESTQ-Sport subscales general stress, emotional stress, fatigue, physicalrecovery, sleep quality, and disturbed breaks showed significant changes between pre and post-competition. Cortisol levels were found to have positive correlation with success subscale (rho= .53; p< .05), whilst negative with fitness/injury subscale (rho= -.57; p< .05). Our findings support the idea ofan anticipatory cortisol response to competition. Moreover, they provide further evidence on the influence of training over recovery-stress perception,emphasizing the importance of the psychophysiological and hormonal monitoring in order to achieve optimal athletic performance

Influencia del masaje ZNAR y la inmersión en agua fría en el proceso inflamatorio, Creatin Kinasa y percepción al dolor muscular en jugadores de voleibol

The strategies that reduce pain, inflammation and muscle damage caused by high intensity activity in athletes are of interest in sports recovery, the objective of the study was to know the effect of ZNAR massage and cold water immersion at 10 ° on the inflammatory process through interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor Alpha (TNF-α), muscle damage through Creatine Kinase (CK) and the perception of muscle pain through the visual analoge scale (VAS) in volleyball players. 19 athletes were divided into a control group and an experimental group, submitted to two recovery protocols (ZNAR massage and cold water immersion) after a fatigue induction test. IL-6, IL-10, TNF, CK and EVA were quantified. The results showed significant changes (p < .05) in the recovery shots in the behavior of the inflammatory process, the CK and the perception of muscle pain with both recovery methods. Conclusion, the ZNAR Massage favors the recovery of IL-6 and IL-10 in addition to the decrease in CK and the perception of muscle pain.Las estrategias que aminoren el dolor, la inflamación y el daño muscular provocados por la actividad física de alta intensidad en atletas son de interés en la recuperación deportiva, por lo que el objetivo del estudio fue conocer el efecto del masaje ZNAR y la inmersión en agua fría a 10° sobre el proceso inflamatorio a través de la interleucina 6 (IL-6), interleucina 10 (IL-10), el factor de necrosis tumoral Alpha (TNF-α), el daño muscular mediante la Creatin Kinasa (CK) y la percepción al dolor muscular a través de la escala visual análoga de dolor (EVA) en jugadores de voleibol. Participaron 19 atletas divididos en un grupo control y un grupo experimental, sometidos a dos protocolos de recuperación (masaje ZNAR e inmersión en agua fría) posterior a un test de inducción a la fatiga. Se cuantifico la IL-6, IL-10, TNF, CK y EVA. Los resultados mostraron cambios significativos (p < .05) en las tomas de recuperación en el comportamiento del proceso inflamatorio, la CK y la percepción al dolor muscular con ambos métodos de recuperación. Conclusión, el Masaje ZNAR favorece a la recuperación de la IL-6 y la IL-10 además de la disminución de la CK y la percepción al dolor muscular

Cortisol y estrés-recuperación durante un periodo competitivo en jugadores de balonmano

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar los niveles de cortisol en plasma y su relación con la percepción de los niveles de estrés y recuperación en jugadores de balonmano durante un periodo de entrenamiento y competición. Participaron 14 jugadores de balonmano durante una competición nacional. Se recogieron un total de seis muestras de cortisol y se hicieron cuatro aplicaciones del RESTQ-Sport. Se observó disminución significativa (p < .01) en los niveles de cortisol post-competición (162.22 ± 69.83 ng/mL) en relación a la pre-competición (243.81 ± 36.46 ng/mL). Las sub-escalas de estrés general, estrés emocional, fatiga, recuperación física, calidad de sueño y periodos de descanso alterados del RESTQ-Sport presentaron cambios significativos entre las tomas pre y post-competición. Se encontró una correlación positiva entre los niveles de cortisol y la subescala de éxito (rho = .53; p < .05) y una negativa con la de lesiones (rho = -.57; p < .05). El estudio apoya el concepto de la respuesta anticipatoria del cortisol en relación a la competición. Además, proporciona mayor evidencia de la influencia del entrenamiento y la competición sobre la percepción del estrés-recuperación, resaltando la importancia de un registro psicofisiológico y hormonal con el objetivo de alcanzar un rendimiento deportivo óptimo.The aim of the study was to analyze plasma cortisol levels and their relation with the perception of recovery-stress balance in handball players during a training and competition period. Fourteen handball players took part in the study during a major competition. Data were collected from six blood samples in order to measure cortisol, and from four applications of the RESTQ-Sport for stress-recovery balance assessment. Compared to pre-competition (243.81 ± 36.46 ng/mL), a significative decrease (p < .01) in cortisol levels was observed in post competition (162.22 ± 69.83 ng/mL). The RESTQ-Sport subscales general stress, emotional stress, fatigue, physical recovery, sleep quality, and disturbed breaks showed significant changes between pre and post-competition. Cortisol levels were found to have positive correlation with success subscale (rho = .53; p < .05), whilst negative with fitness/injury subscale (rho = -.57; p < .05). Our findings support the idea of an anticipatory cortisol response to competition. Moreover, they provide further evidence on the influence of training over recovery-stress perception, emphasizing the importance of the psychophysiological and hormonal monitoring in order to achieve optimal athletic performance.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os níveis de cortisol plasmático e sua relação com a percepção dos níveis de estresse e recuperação em jogadores de handebol durante um treinamento e competição. Participaram 14 jogadores de handebol durante uma competição nacional. Um total de seis amostras de cortisol foram recolhidas e quatro aplicações do RESTQ-Sport foram feitas. Foi observada uma diminuição significativa (p < .01) nos níveis de cortisol pós-competição (162,22 ± 69,83 ng / mL) em relação ao pré-competição (243,81 ± 36,46 ng / mL). As sub-escalas de estresse geral, estresse emocional, fadiga, recuperação física, qualidade do sono e de repouso alterados do RESTQ-Sport mostrou mudanças significativas entre as ingestões pré e pós-competição. Se encontrou uma correlação positiva entre os níveis de cortisol e a sub-escala de sucesso (rho = 0,53; p < .05) e uma correlação negativa com lesão (rho = -.57; p < .05). O estudo apoia o conceito de resposta do cortisol antecipatória em relação à competição. Ele também fornece mais uma prova da influência do treinamento e competição na percepção de estresse-recuperação, destacando a importância de um registo psicofisiológica e hormonal a fim de alcançar o desempenho atlético ideal

The Role of Cholinesterases in Post-Exercise HRV Recovery in University Volleyball Players

Some studies show interest in measuring heart rate variability (HRV) during post-exercise recovery. It is known that the parasympathetic system is relevant during this process, where one of the factors of this modulation is the interaction of acetylcholine and cholinesterases (ChE). However, the behavior of ChE and its relationship during recovery is little known; therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of ChE and its relationship with recovery evaluated in HRV indicators in volleyball players. An exercise protocol with long-term and intermittent high-intensity phases was applied in nine volleyball players. HRV measurements were made, and blood samples were drawn to evaluate the ChE before exercise and after 24 and 48 h post-exercise. The results show a modification of the variables after exercises with respect to the baseline values (ChE: 1818.4 ± 588.75 to 2218.78 ± 1101.58; RMSSD: 42.64 ± 12.86 to 17.72 ± 12.55 (p &lt; 0.05); SS: 8.76 ± 1.93 to 21.93 ± 10.05 (p &lt; 0.01); S/PS Ratio: 0.32 ± 0.14 to 3.26 ± 3.28 (p &lt; 0.01)), as well as recovery after 24 and 48 h with respect to postexercise (ChE: 1608.81 ± 546.88 (p &lt; 0.05) and 1454.54 ± 580.45 (p &lt; 0.01); RMSSD: 43.83 ± 24.50 and 46.18 ± 33.22 (p &lt; 0.01); SS; 10.93 ± 5.16 and 11.86 ± 4.32 (p &lt; 0.01); S/PS Ratio: 0.46 ± 0.32 and 0.50 ± 0.28 (p &lt; 0.01)). ChE correlations (p &lt; 0.001) were found with moderate (SS: r = 0.465) and large (RMSSD: r = −0.654; S/PS Ratio: r = 0.666) HRV indexes. In conclusion, ChE modifications are related to changes in HRV showing a very similar behavior in the case of the study subjects

Pensar la Comunicación. Reflexiones y resultados de investigación. Tomo II

La investigación en comunicación pasa en la actualidad por momentos cruciales en la construcción de una teoría del conocimiento. No se conciben hoy los estudios en comunicación alejados de las ciencias humanas y sociales, pero tampoco, paradójicamente, alejados de las ciencias naturales y básicas. El estudio científico de la comunicación requiere de múltiples miradas complejas, desde las ciencias de la vida y de la conducta, hasta campos fundamentales como la etología, la filosofía, la cultura y la sociedad. Este libro intenta, de manera inconclusa por supuesto, ofrecer un aporte a este proceso desde la comunicación gráfica, el consumo, la ciudadanía, la televisión digital, los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, la cultura digital y el cine, entre otros campos de conocimiento