Biological and pharmacological activities of essential oils of Ocimum basilicum L. grown with Zn-salicylic acid nano-complex

A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the impact of different rates of application of Zn-EDTA, salicylic acid (SA) and zinc-salicylic acid nano-complex (n[Zn(SA)2]) on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil (EO) of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Sixty-one compounds were detected in the EOs after Zn and SA sources were applied to the plants. GC-MS analysis showed that the main components of the EOs after the treatment were epi-α-Cadinol and trans-α-Bergamotene. The highest amount of epi-α-Cadinol (29.06±1.31%) and trans-α-Bergamotene (11.90±1.1%) in the EO were observed at 0.2% n[Zn(SA)2] treatment. In general, the application of 0.2% n[Zn(SA)2] significantly increased percentages of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of extract. HPLC analysis showed that the predominant phenolic compound after treatments with different Zn and SA sources were rosmarinic acid and quercetin, respectively. The lowest IC50 values for RNS, ROS, TBARS and H2O2, scavenging activities were obtained in EOs of basils which were treated with 0.2% n[Zn(SA)2]. Zinc-salicylic nano-complex was the most effective treatment to inhibit fungal and bacterial growth. Our results are quite encouraging since the Eos of n[Zn(SA)2] treated basil exhibited potent antioxidant effect, antimicrobial activities comparable with synthetic drugs

Removal of Zn(II) and Pb (II) ions Using Rice Husk in Food Industrial Wastewater

The adsorption behavior of Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions on rice husk was investigated using Rice Husk to remove the metals ions in dairy wastewater. The removal of mentioned heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions was studied by batch method. The main parameters that influencing Zn 2+ and Pb2+ sorption on rice husk were: amount of adsorbent, contact time and pH value of wastewater. The influences of pH (2–9), contact time (5-70min) and adsorbent amount (0.5-3 g) have been studied. The percent adsorption of Zn 2+ and Pb2+ ions increased with an increase in contact time and dosage of rice husk. The binding process was strongly affected by pH and the optimum pH for Zn 2+ and Pb2+ ions were 7.0 and 9.0, respectively. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for Zn 2+ and Pb2+ ions was calculated from the Langmuir isotherm and found to be 19.617 and 0.6216 mg/g, respectively. Actually the percent of removing Zn 2+ and Pb 2+ ions reached maximum to 70% and 96.8%, respectively. @JASEMJ. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. December, 2010, Vol. 14 (4) 159 - 16

Stabilization of Contaminated Soil by Dicalcium Phosphate

Stabilization of heavy metals contaminated soils using phosphate amendments is relatively a simple, quick and cheap method to reduce the transport of contaminants in the environment. The objective of this study is to stabilize the polluted soil using dicalcum phosphate (DCP). In this study a series of leachate column tests were conducted to find out the effect of DCP on Pb and Cu polluted soil. In addition, to understand the concentration of DCP on the efficiency of the method, different samples with different polluted soils were tested. DCP with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/kg dry soil were added to the polluted soil and the samples were kept for 1 month. Break through curves were prepared to analyze the results. The results show that DCP may stabilize heavy metals in the soil. Increasing the concentration of DCP, decreases the concentration of metals in the effluent, means more stabilized metals in the soils. The results also show that 0.2 mg/kg dry soil of DCP is enough to stabilize the metals from the first stages of the tests

Chemical Composition of the Essential oil of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge. from Iran

Due to various usages of Satureja species or their oils, we were interested in studying essential oil contents and compositions of Satureja species in Iran. So, the essential oil of aerial parts of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge. growing in Iran was obtained by hydrodistillation and was analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty eight compounds constituting 99.80% of the oil were identified and yield of the oil was 2.7% (V/W). The major components were found to be thymol (65.1%), γ-terpinene (15.0%), β-caryophyllene (4.85%), p-cymene (4.4%), linalool (3.5%) and borneol (3.05%)

Development of a New Colorimetric Chemosensor for Selective Determination of Urinary and Vegetable Oxalate Concentration Through an Indicator Displacement Assay (IDA) in Aqueous Media

U radu je predložena jednostavna metoda za indirektno spektrofotometrijsko određivanje oksalata. Kompleksiranjem iona bakra s Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) bojilom razvili smo jednostavan, jeftin i selektivan kolorimetrijski kemijski senzor za određivanje oksalata u realnim uzorcima vodenih otopina i na čvrstoj podlozi (papiru). Dodatkom oksalata nebesko plava boja otopine kompleksa Cu2+-RB4 prešla je u tamnoplavu (nekompleksirano bojilo RB4), uslijed nastajanja stabilnijeg kompleksa Cu2+-oksalat. Linearan odnos apsorbancije i koncentracije oksalata dobiven je u području od 1,76 do 49,4 μmol/L, s limitom detekcije 0,62 μmol/L. Pri takvom načinu rada nije došlo do interferencije drugih slobodnih aniona ili askorbinske kiseline prisutnih u realnim uzorcima, pa su izbjegnuti sljedeći postupci: priprema uzorka, izdvajanje analita, uporaba smjese organskih otapala, enzimska reakcija u više koraka, kemijska modifikacija analita, te uporaba složenije instrumentacije. Oksalati su uspješno određeni u različitim uzorcima, poput urina, gljiva i špinata, što dokazuje primjenjivost metode. Osim toga, ovaj kolorimetrijski senzorski sustav može se rabiti za mjerenje koncentracije oksalata u protoku, što je posebno važno kod velikog broja uzoraka.The paper proposes a method that exhibits operational simplicity for the indirect spectrophotometric determination of oxalate ion. We developed Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) as a sensor by complexation with copper ion as a simple, inexpensive yet selective colorimetric chemosensing ensemble for the recognition of oxalate over other available competitive analytes via indicator displacement assay (IDA) in both solution (aqueous medium) and solid state (paper-based experiment). The addition of oxalate to RB4-Cu2+ complex changed the colour from sky blue to dark blue due to the regeneration of RB4 by the chelation of oxalate as the competitive analyte with Cu2+. The absorbance band increase is linear with oxalate concentration from 1.76 to 49.4 µmol/L with a detection limit of 0.62 µmol/L. This measurement mode did not show any influence of interferences (available anions and ascorbic acid). This approach eliminated the need for the separation stages, enzymatic multiple-step reactions, sample preparation, organic solvent mixture, chemical modifications and equipment developed to a high degree of complexity. The oxalate determination gave results in different real samples such as urine, mushroom and spinach, which demonstrated the applicability of the existing method. Furthermore, this colorimetric system can serve as IMPLICATION molecular logic gate using Cu2+ and oxalate (C2O4 2–) as inputs and UV-Vis absorbance signal as the output with potential monitoring applications

Sodium dodecyl sulfate coated γ-alumina support modified by a new Schiff base for solid phase extraction and flame-AAS determination of lead and copper ions

A simple and fast approach for solid phase extraction is herein described, and used to determine trace amounts of Pb2+ and Cu2+ metal ions. The solid phase support is sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-coated γ-alumina modified with bis(2-hydroxy acetophenone)-1,6-hexanediimine (BHAH) ligand. The adsorbed ions were stripped from the solid phase by 6 mL of 4 M nitric acid as eluent. The eluting solution was analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The sorption recovery of metal ions was investigated with regard to the effects of pH, amount of ligand, γ-alumina and surfactant and the amount and type of eluent. Complexation of BHAH with Pb2+ or Cu2+ ions was examined via spectrophotometry using the HypSpec program. The detection limit for Cu2+ was 7.9 µg L-1 with a relative standard deviation of 1.67%, while that for Pb2+ was 6.4 µg L-1 with a relative standard deviation of 1.64%. A preconcentration factor of 100 was achieved for these ions. The method was successfully applied to determine analyte concentrations in samples of liver, parsley, cabbage, and water

Inverted ILM Flap Technique in Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy

Purpose: To present the outcome of optic disc pit maculopathy (ODPM) managed successfullywith an inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap over the optic disc. A narrative review ofODPM pathogenesis and surgical management techniques are also provided. Case Report: This prospective interventional case series included three eyes of three adultpatients (25–39 years old) with unilateral ODPM and a mean duration of unilaterally decreasedvisual acuity of 7.33 ± 2.40 months (4–12 months). The pars plana vitrectomy with posteriorvitreous detachment induction was performed on eyes, followed by an inverted ILM flap insertionover the optic disc and gas tamponade. Patients were followed for 7–16 weeks postoperatively;best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved dramatically in one patient from 2/200 to 20/25.BCVA in other patients improved two and three lines – to 20/50 and 20/30, respectively. Asignificant anatomical improvement was achieved in all three eyes, and no complication wasdetected throughout the follow-up period. Conclusion: Vitrectomy with inverted ILM flap insertion over the optic disc is safe and can yieldfavorable anatomical improvement in patients with ODPM

Erratum: Inverted ILM Flap Technique in Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy

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Preconcentration and Determination of Zn 2+ and Fe 3+ in Waste Water Samples by Cloud Point Extraction Method

Abstract : A simple, low cost and highly sensitive method based on cloud point extraction (CPE) used for separation/preconcentration of zinc and iron has been described. After complexation with new ligand, Dithizone (DZ) followed determination of these ions by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The ions are quantitatively extracted to the phase rich in Triton X-114 following centrifugation. The parameters which affecting the separation phase and detection process, were optimized such as pH, DZ, Triton X-114. Calibration graph showed linear trend in rang of 0.2-2.0 µg 1 -1 for both analyts. The analyst were determined in petrochemical waste water sample which gave satisfactory results