Globalization and consumer behavior: global marketing strategies implication - homogeneity and heterogeneity (Preliminary Study)

This research aims to explore consumer behavior and their responses to possible effects of globalization, resulting in adopting different global marketing strategies in an Asian country particularly Malaysia which is so different of European ones, especially, in terms of cultural aspects. Homogeneity and heterogeneity in consumer behavior are the main approaches of this research. Rather than causes hindering the possible phenomena of two-polarity of world economy or empires, to find out companies global marketing strategies are the research objectives. So, this research examines data collected through, respectively, qualitative and quantitative methods and addresses companies’ marketers and consumers. However, due to innumerous affecting variables and multidimensional nature of globalization, at this point of study there is no absolute evidence to show results but the theoretical assumptions on companies’ tendency toward standardization or customization strategies

Study of the Importance of Association between Form and Content in "Names of God" Typography

Communication and coordination between form and content is inevitable in the transfer and impact of the Creator's purpose. The use of most forms in visual works, relying on visual elements, is to express the meaning and true context of the work, so the type of element selection and how they will also have a direct impact on the content that the artist desire. Of these works, typography, especially the typography of Names of God, has a special place, because apart from its graphical structure, it also contains the semantic meaning of the word. Therefore, the main point of the study is how much the association between form and material is important in typography of Names of God?Therefore, the researcher has decided to consider the objectives of this research, including the establishment of a broad message communication with respect to visual elements and the form and content of expression in Names of God's typography works and to better express the truth and content of Names of God in typography, In general, the form and content of these posters are analyzed using descriptive - analytic research methodology to analyze the data qualitatively. This transfer of context and meaning in Names of God typography is of particular importance; because their content, apart from holiness, has a deep and profound truth. Also, the interpretation and paraphrasing of these names and attributions that are the same essence of the God is one of the categories that needs to receive and study their special sciences. The use of special Islamic forms that artists have used to convey religious truths and religious beliefs to a great extent can also contribute to the translation of the meaning of divine names

Historiography in "Beginnings: Malcolm" by Amiri Baraka

This article discusses Aimiri Baraka‘s concern with the history of black people in his poem "Beginnings: Malcolm". The writers try to shed some light on the way Baraka's historiography challenges the white supremecist discourses through a rewriting of the African American past that blurs the boundaries of myth and history, fact and fiction, in a postmodern manner. It is argued that through the use of the central African myth of Esu/Elegba and drawing on traditions of Christianity and Western literature/culture, Baraka‘s poem offers an uncanny insight into the past

Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners' Vocabulary Inferencing Strategies: A Qualitative Study

The present qualitative and interpretative study aims to investigate Iranian EFL learners' L2 vocabulary strategies. The distribution of strategy types and what factors contribute to the success of the inferencing strategies are the two main purposes of the study. Using think-aloud procedures with 15 Iranian EFL learners, the present study explored L2 learners' inferencing strategies and the relationship with their success. Sixteen types of inferential strategies were revealed to be employed by the participants and two types of inferences were identified: successful and less successful inferences. The results of the study are discussed in the light of the similar studies and the suggestions for future research are made. The study has a number of pedagogical implications for L2 research and practice, L2 teachers, syllabus designers, and educational psychology

A Web-based Multilingual Intelligent Tutor System based on Jackson's Learning Styles Profiler and Expert Systems

Nowadays, Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are so regarded in order to improve education quality via new technologies in this area. One of the problems is that the language of ITSs is different from the learner's. It forces the learners to learn the system language. This paper tries to remove this necessity by using an Automatic Translator Component in system structure like Google Translate API. This system carry out a pre-test and post-test by using Expert System and Jackson Model before and after of training a concept. It constantly updates learner model to save all changes in learning process. So this paper offers an E-Learning system which is web-based, intelligent, adaptive, multilingual and remotely accessible where tutors and learners can have non-identical language. It is also applicable Every Time and Every Where (ETEW). Furthermore, it trains the concepts in the best method with any language and low cost.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, IAENG Transactions on Electrical Engineering Volume 1 - Special Issue of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2012. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1304.404

Constituents of flowers essential oils of Smirnovia iranica Sabeti from Iran

Background and aims: Smirnova iranica Sabeti is one of the valuable and adapted shrub native species to the sandy fields of Central Iran and of Fabaceae family that in terms of the production of forage and soil conservation and creating a beautiful landscape and medicinal value is critically important. No study has been conducted on this plant essence in Iran, so far. Methods: In the habitat of the plant, located in Kashan sandy areas, during flowering in the third week of April in each site, flowers were collected and after extraction of essential oils using simultaneous method of distillation and extraction using organic solvents, a chromatography device connected to a mass spectrometer (GC/MS) was used in order to identify the combinations of essential oils. Results: The essence yields were 0.02 and the color of essential oils was yellowish. The important and main combinations of essential oils were Hexadecanoic acid, Tetradecanoic acid and 6,10,14-Trimethyl-2-pentadecanone which consisted more than 10 percent of the composition. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Smirnova iranica sabeti is a versatile plant found in sandy fields of Iran with medicinal, anti-virus, anti-cancer and anti-bacterial properties

Effects of Laser Irradiation on Caries Prevention

INTRODUCTION: Although dental caries is a preventable disease, it is still common and remains a public health problem. One of the potentially effective preventive measures is the use of lasers. The purpose of this study was to review the studies about use of laser irradiation on the inhibition of carious lesions and the effectiveness of different commercial laser type (Nd:YAG, CO2, and Argon).METHODS: A literature search included journal databases, existing systematic reviews, and studies identified by content experts. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were assessed for quality.RESULTS: Some studies have demonstrated the potential preventive effect of laser irradiation on sound enamel; the effect of irradiation on white spot lesions is still unclear. The effects of irradiating demineralized enamel surfaces coupled with the use of topical fluoride application is also still unclear and further research needs to be conducted in this area. Laser irradiation alone can significantly enhance acid resistance of sound enamel surfaces and prevent caries progression.CONCLUSION: Combined use of topical fluoride application and laser irradiation on sound enamel surfaces has provided the best protection against caries initiation and progression. Laser irradiation was of limited value in managing incipient carious lesions. Argon laser use may be easier clinically due to its large and visible beam diameter, which allows for irradiation of the whole surface of the tooth instead of the overlapping and time consuming pattern of the CO2 laser