初年次教育科目「教養セミナーＡ」の実践と課題 ―学生の成長実感と教員のプログラム評価に着目して―

本稿では、本学の初年次教育プログラムの1つである「教養セミナーＡ」の実践を報告するとともに、学生と教員に実施したアンケート調査により、下記2点を明らかにした。まず、本授業を通じた学生の学修成果を、学生の成長に対する自己評価（成長実感）と、学生の学びや成長に対する教員評価の2つの側面から分析したところ、本授業の目的および内容を構成する4因子（「スタディスキルの理解」、「大学生活への導入」、「大学への親近感」、「スタディスキルの活用・コミュニケーション」）について、学生の成長実感には学科ごとに有意な差があることがわかった。また4因子に含まれるほとんどの項目において、教員評価は学生の自己評価より有意に低かった一方で、学生の自己評価と教員評価は概ね連動していることが明らかとなった。2つ目として、教員の初年次教育プログラムに対する認識を問う設問の回答から、本授業に求める教育内容について分析した結果、学科や教員ごとに求める内容が大きく異なっていることがわかった。以上により、学生の成長実感が低い項目に関連する授業内容の見直しや、教員が求める学生の学びや成長と学生の成長実感の間に存在する乖離の是正、初年次教育プログラムの目的や内容に対する教員の共通認識の形成、基礎学力やクラスサイズが学生の成長実感に与える影響の解明などが、今後の課題として明らかとなった

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Hypothetical understanding to the child with developmental disabilities from view difference of the interaction experience with the child in university students

The purpose of this study was to examine the \u22hypothetical understanding\u22 to the child with developmental disabilities from view difference of the interaction experience with the child. Participants in the study were 63 university students and graduate students. Participants replied to the question paper, after watched the VTR of the problem behaviors of the child with developmental disabilities. The examination went from three points. 1) the difference of the interact number of years with the children with developmental disabilities, 2) the difference in the role (therapist or supporter) of time in interact with the children, 3) the difference of the feelings that had when interact with the children. This study found the factor of the \u22hypothetical understanding\u22 is the difference in the role and in the feelings as well as the contact number of years

Re-investigating the Factors Affecting Public Perception of Food-Related Risk A Cross-National Study by the Laddering Method

Risk communication among stakeholders is the essential element behind decisions about risk management measures in the food safety field. However, risk communication has not always been favorably done. Slovic (1999) pointed out that unsuccessful risk management can be traced, in part, to a failure to appreciate the complex and socially determined nature of the concept "risk". The majority of risk perception studies with Socio-psychological models have focused on multi-dimensional characteristics of risk/hazard that have substantial influence on the subjective evaluation of risks. The identified factors of characteristics in these studies, however, cannot suitably explain the characteristics of food related risks. In this study, we re-investigated the factors that influence the perceived magnitude of food-related risks by a laddering method survey in Japan, Korea and the U.S.. The results show that the public have judged the high/low of risk level by 3 categories of factors: perceived risk/hazard characteristics, perceived personal factors and perceived social factors. Severity of damage to health, cause of illness, accumulation in body, benefit and natural/artificial origin were the major factors categorized in perceived risk/hazard characteristics. Perceived personal factors consist of experience, knowledge and association of terrible scene/image. Exposure to information and trust in government/experts were regarded as perceived social factors. A structural model of food-related risk perception might possibly be constructed by adding worldview and general trust to the above 3 factors. This model will be statistically analyzed in the continuous empirical cross-cultural studies

Re-investigating the Factors Affecting Public Perception of Food-Related Risk A Cross-National Study by the Laddering Method

Risk communication among stakeholders is the essential element behind decisions about risk management measures in the food safety field. However, risk communication has not always been favorably done. Slovic (1999) pointed out that unsuccessful risk management can be traced, in part, to a failure to appreciate the complex and socially determined nature of the concept "risk". The majority of risk perception studies with Socio-psychological models have focused on multi-dimensional characteristics of risk/hazard that have substantial influence on the subjective evaluation of risks. The identified factors of characteristics in these studies, however, cannot suitably explain the characteristics of food related risks. In this study, we re-investigated the factors that influence the perceived magnitude of food-related risks by a laddering method survey in Japan, Korea and the U.S.. The results show that the public have judged the high/low of risk level by 3 categories of factors: perceived risk/hazard characteristics, perceived personal factors and perceived social factors. Severity of damage to health, cause of illness, accumulation in body, benefit and natural/artificial origin were the major factors categorized in perceived risk/hazard characteristics. Perceived personal factors consist of experience, knowledge and association of terrible scene/image. Exposure to information and trust in government/experts were regarded as perceived social factors. A structural model of food-related risk perception might possibly be constructed by adding worldview and general trust to the above 3 factors. This model will be statistically analyzed in the continuous empirical cross-cultural studies

発達障碍児の問題行動に対する仮説的理解のあり方の検討 : 発達障碍児との関わり経験の違いから

The purpose of this study was to examine the "hypothetical understanding" to the child with developmental disabilities from view difference of the interaction experience with the child. Participants in the study were 63 university students and graduate students. Participants replied to the question paper, after watched the VTR of the problem behaviors of the child with developmental disabilities. The examination went from three points. 1) the difference of the interact number of years with the children with developmental disabilities, 2) the difference in the role (therapist or supporter) of time in interact with the children, 3) the difference of the feelings that had when interact with the children. This study found the factor of the "hypothetical understanding" is the difference in the role and in the feelings as well as the contact number of years

ベトナムの豚肉フードシステム(3) 小規模養豚経営の実態

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