Stable Marriage Problem Based Adaptation for Clone Detection and Service Selection

Current software engineering topics such as clone detection and service selection need to improve the capability of detection process and selection process. The clone detection is the process of finding duplicated code through the system for several purposes such as removal of repeated portions as maintenance part of legacy system. Service selection is the process of finding the appropriate web service which meets the consumer’s request. Both problems can be converted into a matching problem. Matching process forms an essential part of software engineering activities. In this research, a well-known mathematical algorithm Stable Marriage Problem (SMP) and its variations are investigated to fulfil the purposes of matching processes in software engineering area. We aim to provide a competitive matching algorithm that can help to detect cloned software accurately and ensure high scalability, precision and recall. We also aim to apply matching algorithm on incoming request and service profile to deal with the web service as a clever independent object so that we can allow the services to accept or decline requests (equal opportunity) rather than the current state of service selection (search-based), in which service lacks of interacting as an independent candidate. In order to meet the above aims, the traditional SMP algorithm has been extended to achieve the cardinality of many-to-many. This adaptation is achieved by defining the selective strategy which is the main engine of the new adaptations. Two adaptations, Dual-Proposed and Dual-Multi-Allocation, have been proposed to both service selection and clone detection process. The proposed approach (SMP-based) shows very competitive results compare to existing software clone approaches, especially in identifying type 3 (copy with further modifications such update, add and delete statements) of cloned software. It performs the detection process with a relatively high precision and recall compare to the CloneDR tool and shows good scalability on a middle sized program. For service selection, the proposed approach has several advantages such as service protection and service quality. The services gain equal opportunity against the incoming requests. Therefore, the intelligent service interaction is achieved, and both stability and satisfaction of the candidates are ensured. This dissertation contributes to several contributions firstly, the new extended SMP algorithm by introducing selective strategy to accommodate many-to-many matching problems, to improve overall features. Secondly, a new SMP-based clone detection approach to detect cloned software accurately and ensures high precision and recall. Ultimately, a new SMPbased service selection approach allows equal opportunity between services and requests. This led to improve service protection and service quality. Case studies are carried out for experiments with the proposed approach, which show that the new adaptations can be applied effectively to clone detection and service selection processes with several features (e.g. accuracy). It can be concluded that the match based approach is feasible and promising in software engineering domain.Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabi

The diagnostic role of MDCT enterography in small bowel lesions

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the role of MDCT enterography in the diagnosis of small bowel diseases.Patient and methodsThirty nine patients suspected to have small bowel diseases were examined with 64 MDCT enterography.ResultMDCT enterography easily diagnosed small intestinal diseases which confirmed with histopathological results, operative data and follow up.ConclusionsMDCT can be used as a front-line imaging and one stop imaging modality for the detection of small bowel diseases. However, biopsy is still the confirmatory diagnostic method

The relationship between lipid profile after fat loading and coronary artery disease severity assessed by SYNTAX score

BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Despite this, only half of CAD patients present with fasting dyslipidemia. Some reports have linked postprandial lipemia to atherosclerosis. We aimed to test the relationship between postprandial lipid profile (after fat loading) and CAD severity assessed by the SYNTAX score.METHODS: We included 53 patients with documented CADs. We checked both fasting and postprandial (2 hours) lipograms after fat loading with 17 g/body surface area (m2). Then we assessed CAD severity via coronary angiography using the SYNTAX score. Our study is registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03175393).RESULTS: *53 patients with age 57.92 ± 7.82 were recuirted. 36 (68% ) of them were male .We observed a significant increase in postprandial triglycerides (TGs); TGs (154.30 ±73.23 vs. 128.07 ± 69.40 mg/dl; P < 0.001), very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) (30.85 ± 14.65 vs. 25.60 ± 13.93 mg/dl; P < 0.001) as well as a significant decrease in the postprandial level of total cholesterol (162.37 ± 45.86 vs. 168.26 ± 45.96 mg/dl; P = 0.03) in comparison to their fasting level.We found that the SYNTAX score had a significant positive moderate correlation with 2-hour postprandial TGs (r = 0.55; P < 0.001) and 2-hour postprandial VLDL (r = 0.50; P < 0.001). Based on the current study, predictors of high Syntax score were older age OR: 1.23( 1.11-3.47); P< 0.001, post-prandial triglyceride OR: 2.34 (1.89-5.66); P< 0.001 and post-prandial VLDL OR: 1.76( 1.50-3.49); P< 0.001CONCLUSION: Postprandial lipograms, especially TGs, are significantly and positively related to CAD severity

Echocardiographic assessment of mitral valve morphology after Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy (PTMC)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Aims</p> <p>PTMC produces significant changes in mitral valve morphology as improvement in leaflets mobility. The determinants of such improvement have not been assessed before.</p> <p>Methods and results</p> <p>The study included 291 symptomatic patients with mitral stenosis undergoing PTMC. Post-PTMC subvalvular splitting area was a determinant of post-PTMC excursion in both the anterior (B 0.16, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.30, p < 0.05) and the posterior (B 0.12, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.24, p < 0.05) leaflets. Another determinant was the post-PTMC transmitral pressure gradient for anterior (B -0.02, 95% CI -0.04 to -0.005, p < 0.01) and posterior (B -0.01, 95% CI -0.04 to -0.005, p < 0.05) leaflets excursion. The relationship between post-PTMC MVA and leaflet excursion was non-linear "S curve". There was a steep increase of both anterior (p, 0.02) and posterior (p, 0.03) leaflets excursion with increased MVA till the MVA reached a value of about 1.5 cm²; after which both linear and S curves became nearly parallel.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The improvement in leaflets excursion after PTMC is determined by several morphologic and hemodynamic changes produced in the valve. The increase in MVA improves mobility within limit; after which any further increase in MVA is not associated by a significant improvement in mobility in both leaflets.</p

Development of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention as a National Reperfusion Strategy for Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Assessment of Its Use in Egypt

Objective: Early treatment of acute ischemia of the heart by performing immediate percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to restore blood flow in patients with the clinical presentation of an acute coronary syndrome and more specifically with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can save lives. This study aims to identify the mean time (door to balloon time and first contact to balloon time) to primary PCI for STEMI patients and to assess the percentage of primary PCI and its success rate in Egypt. Methods: A registry study of patients presenting to cardiac centers in Egypt was designed, where patients’ basic characteristics, the treatment strategy, and the door to balloon time and the first contact to balloon time were assessed. Results: One thousand six hundred fifty STEMI patients with a mean age of 57 years were included in the study. Immediate transfer for primary PCI was the most used treatment strategy, representing 74.6% of all treatment strategies used. The door to balloon time and the first contact to balloon time were 50 and 60 minutes, respectively, with a primary PCI success rate of 65.1%. Conclusion: The registry study results showed a marked improvement by implementation of the best treatment strategy with respect to the time factor to achieve a better outcome for STEMI patients in Egypt

Primary prevention efforts are poorly developed in people at high cardiovascular risk: A report from the European Society of Cardiology EURObservational Research Programme EUROASPIRE V survey in 16 European countries

Background: European Action on Secondary and Primary Prevention by Intervention to Reduce Events (EUROASPIRE) V in primary care was carried out by the European Society of Cardiology EURObservational Research Programme in 2016–2018. The main objective was to determine whether the 2016 Joint European Societies’ guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in people at high cardiovascular risk have been implemented in clinical practice. Methods: The method used was a cross-sectional survey in 78 centres from 16 European countries. Patients without a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease either started on blood pressure and/or lipid and/or glucose lowering treatments were identified and interviewed 6 months after the start of medication. Results: A total of 3562 medical records were reviewed and 2759 patients (57.6% women; mean age 59.0 11.6 years) interviewed (interview rate 70.0%). The risk factor control was poor with 18.1% of patients being smokers, 43.5% obese (body mass index 30 kg/m2 ) and 63.8% centrally obese (waist circumference 88 cm for women, 102 cm for men). Of patients on blood pressure lowering medication 47.0% reached the target of <140/90 mm Hg (<140/85 mm Hg in people with diabetes). Among treated dyslipidaemic patients only 46.9% attained low density lipoprotein-cholesterol target of <2.6 mmol/l. Among people treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus, 65.2% achieved the HbA1c target of <7.0%. Conclusion: The primary care arm of the EUROASPIRE V survey revealed that large proportions of people at high cardiovascular disease risk have unhealthy lifestyles and inadequate control of blood pressure, lipids and diabetes. Thus, the potential to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular disease throughout Europe by improved preventive cardiology programmes is substantial

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10&nbsp;years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37&nbsp;years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020