Foliar resorption of some macro- (N, P, S) & micronutrients (FE, ZN, CU, MN) in pterocarya fraxinifolia (poiret) spach forests in Turkey

Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poiret) Spach has a rather restricted distribution in Turkey and occurs in swamp forests. Foliar resorption of some macro- (N, P and S) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) in northern and southern populations of P. fraxinifolia in Turkey was studied. In northern populations, comparatively to southern populations, nitrogen resorption efficiency (NRE) was higher, while phosphorus resorption efficieny (PRE) was lower. Both northern and southern populations were P-proficient, while only northern populations were N-proficient. Negative RE values were found with respect to Zn and MnRE in southern populations. SRE was found to be higher as compared to other deciduous species. It has been found that NRE/PRE ratios >1 in northern populations, while <1 in southern populations

Differences in clinical features, etiology, types, and risk factors for complications between young and older patients with skin and soft tissue infections [Deri ve yumuşak doku enfeksiyonlu genç ve yaşli hastalar arasinda klinik özellikler, tip, etiyoloi ve komplike edici risk faktörleri açisindan farkliliklar]

Introduction: This study investigated differences in clinical features, types, etiology, and risk factors for complications between young and older patients with skin and soft tissue infections. Futhermore, age-related differences in healthcare-associated and complicated infections were identified. Materials and Method: This retrospective study included 206 skin and soft tissue infection patients hospitalized during an 8-year period. Data were collected using a form: patients’ characteristics, clinical features, laboratory values, prior antibiotic use, causative microorganisms, and antibiotic treatment. For cases with clinically diagnosed, samples were taken from the suspected infection sites. Gram staining, deep swab, deep tissue and blood culture results were evaluated. Results: The incidence of diabetes mellitus was significantly higher among patients aged ?65 years. Among these old patients, Escherichia coli (11/31, 35.5%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8/31, 25.8%) were the most frequently isolated pathogens. Approximately half of the Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from patients with health care-associated infection were resistant to methicillin (8/15, 53.3%), and these patients produced higher levels of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. Venous insufficiency (p=0.008) and prior hospitalization (p=0.001) were identified as risk factors for complication in patients aged ?65. The median time- to -clinical response was 7 days in older patients with non-complicated infection (p=0.007). Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus was the most common co-morbid factor in older patients. Risk factors for complication may differ by age. Gram-negative pathogens were more commonly isolated in older patients. The time- to -clinical response was significantly longer in older patients with non-complicated infection than young patients. © 2018 Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved

Foliar resorption of some macro- (N, P, S) & micronutrients (FE, ZN, CU, MN) in pterocarya fraxinifolia (poiret) spach forests in Turkey

Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poiret) Spach has a rather restricted distribution in Turkey and occurs in swamp forests. Foliar resorption of some macro- (N, P and S) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) in northern and southern populations of P. fraxinifolia in Turkey was studied. In northern populations, comparatively to southern populations, nitrogen resorption efficiency (NRE) was higher, while phosphorus resorption efficieny (PRE) was lower. Both northern and southern populations were P-proficient, while only northern populations were N-proficient. Negative RE values were found with respect to Zn and MnRE in southern populations. SRE was found to be higher as compared to other deciduous species. It has been found that NRE/PRE ratios >1 in northern populations, while <1 in southern populations

Colistin vs. the combination of colistin and rifampicin for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia

The aim of this study was to compare the responses of colistin treatment alone vs. a combination of colistin and rifampicin in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by a carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strain. Forty-three patients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. Although clinical (P = 0·654), laboratory (P = 0·645), radiological (P = 0·290) and microbiological (P = 0·597) response rates were better in the combination group, these differences were not significant. However, time to microbiological clearance (3·1 ± 0·5 days, P = 0·029) was significantly shorter in the combination group. The VAP-related mortality rates were 63·6% (14/22) and 38·1% (8/21) for the colistin and the combination groups (P = 0·171), respectively. Our results suggest that the combination of colistin with rifampicin may improve clinical and microbiological outcomes of VAP patients infected with A. baumannii. Copyright © 2012 Cambridge University Press

Evaluation of fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) disease reaction of pear hybrid combinations [Farklı Armut Melezleme Kombinasyonlarında Ateş Yanıklığı Hastalığı (Erwinia amylovora) Reaksiyonunun Değerlendirilmesi]

Fire blight caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is the serious disease of pear. Since there is no effective chemical management to this disease except antibiotic-type compounds, it is very important to improve new fire blight resistant cultivars. In this research, it was aimed to select and develop fire blight resistant pear types and to determine fire blight susceptibility levels of pear hybrids, obtained from different projects. Hybrid plants were inoculated by shoot injections twice each year. Evaluations were made through necrotic shoot rate and susceptibility levels of hybrids were determined. During the experiments, 7036 hybrid pear seedlings inoculated, and 12.28% of them were found as “very low susceptibility” (A), 3.62% as “low susceptibility” (B) classes. © Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi

Selections for Resistance against Fire Blight in Young F-1 Hybrid Pear Seedlings in Turkey

Fire blight, caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a serious disease of pear, with few effective disease management strategies. Therefore, it is very important to strive towards the selection of new resistant cultivars to fire blight. With this purpose, different crosses have been made between resistant cultivar 'Magness' and other resistant or susceptible cultivars and cultigens ('Akca', 'Ankara', 'Bursa', 'Conference', 'Guz', 'Kaiser Alexandre', 'Kieffer', 'Moonglow', 'Tas'). The susceptibility levels of the resulting hybrids were determined by artificial inoculations by Erwinia amylovora in greenhouse conditions. In pathogenicity tests, 10(8) CFU/ml populations of seven E. amylovora strains, isolated from different cities in Turkey, were used to infect the shoots of hybrid plants. Eight weeks after inoculations, the percentage of the necrotic lesion to the total length of the shoot was calculated for each shoot. The experiments were performed twice in August 2010 and May 2011. The average of two experiments was used to calculate the percentage disease severity. Susceptibility was scored by binning the percentage into five distinct classes of increasing susceptibility (A to E). Among 1242 young F-1 hybrid seedlings inoculated, 31.64% of them showed "very low susceptibility" (A), 8.62% displayed "low susceptibility" (B), 18.60% were "moderate susceptibility" (C), 30.27% were "high susceptibility" (D), 10.87% showed "very high susceptibility" (E), and 85 of hybrids were completely destroyed by the pathogen. The 393 "very low susceptibility" and 107 "low susceptibility" F1 hybrids were planted in Eskisehir, in Central Turkey, for screening for agronomical and pomological characteristics

Selections for resistance against fire blight in young F1 hybrid pear seedlings in Turkey

Fire blight, caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a serious disease of pear, with few effective disease management strategies. Therefore, it is very important to strive towards the selection of new resistant cultivars to fire blight. With this purpose, different crosses have been made between resistant cultivar 'Magness' and other resistant or susceptible cultivars and cultigens ('Akca', 'Ankara', 'Bursa', 'Conference', 'Guz', 'Kaiser Alexandre', 'Kieffer', 'Moonglow', 'Tas'). The susceptibility levels of the resulting hybrids were determined by artificial inoculations by Erwinia amylovora in greenhouse conditions. In pathogenicity tests, 108 CFU/ml populations of seven E. amylovora strains, isolated from different cities in Turkey, were used to infect the shoots of hybrid plants. Eight weeks after inoculations, the percentage of the necrotic lesion to the total length of the shoot was calculated for each shoot. The experiments were performed twice in August 2010 and May 2011. The average of two experiments was used to calculate the percentage disease severity. Susceptibility was scored by binning the percentage into five distinct classes of increasing susceptibility (A to E). Among 1242 young F1 hybrid seedlings inoculated, 31.64% of them showed "very low susceptibility" (A), 8.62% displayed "low susceptibility" (B), 18.60% were "moderate susceptibility" (C), 30.27% were "high susceptibility" (D), 10.87% showed "very high susceptibility" (E), and 85 of hybrids were completely destroyed by the pathogen. The 393 "very low susceptibility" and 107 "low susceptibility" F1 hybrids were planted in Eskišehir, in Central Turkey, for screening for agronomical and pomological characteristics. © 2014, International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved