Dolge in kratke revolucije k neolitiku v zahodni Anatoliji in v Egejskem morju

This paper provides an overview of our current knowledge about the transformation towards the Neolithic in western Anatolia and the Aegean, and offers a narrative for their interpretation. Within the longue durée perspective of the long revolution in the Near East, the first millennia of the Holocene of the Aegean and western Anatolia are contrasted with each other. Economic strategies, environmental conditions, technologies, raw material procurement and cultural practices in the Aegean Mesolithic and the Pre-Neolithic times in western Anatolia are analysed to classify potential similarities and differences. The evidence of new cultural and symbolic practices, eco-nomies, and technologies in the seventh millennium is discussed as the paradox of a short revolu-tion embedded in a long-term process of interaction, knowledge-transfer and adaptation, setting the scene for the Neolithic pioneers establishing a new social life.V članku predstavljamo pregled trenutnih podatkov o spremembah, ki so vodile k neolitiku na območju zahodne Anatolije in Egejskega morja, ter ponujamo pripovedi za njihovo interpretacijo. V okviru perspektive dolgoročnih zgodovinskih procesov (fr. longue durée) na Bližnjem Vzhodu, Prvo tisočletje v holocenu je v okviru perspektive dolgoročnih zgodovinskih procesov (fr. longue durée) na Bližnjem Vzhodu potekalo različno na območju Egejskega morja in v zahodni Anatoliji. Za ovrednotenje morebitnih podobnosti in razlik med mezolitikom na območju Egejskega morja in pred-neolitikom na območju zahodne Anatolije smo ovrednotili gospodarske strategije, okoljske pogoje, tehnologije, oskrbo s surovinami in kulturne običaje. V članku nadalje razpravljamo o novih kulturnih in simbolnih običajih, gospodarstvih in tehnologijah v sedmem tisočletju, ki predstavljajo paradoks kratke revolucije, ki je zakoreninjena v dolgoročnih procesih interakcije, prenosa znanj in prilagoditev, kar je omogočilo neolitskim pionirjem vzpostavitev novega družbenega življenja

Collagen-mimetic peptide-modifiable hydrogels for articular cartilage regeneration

Regenerative medicine strategies for restoring articular cartilage face significant challenges to recreate the complex and dynamic biochemical and biomechanical functions of native tissues. As an approach to recapitulate the complexity of the extracellular matrix, collagen-mimetic proteins offer a modular template to incorporate bioactive and biodegradable moieties into a single construct. We modified a Streptococcal collagen-like 2 protein with hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS)-binding peptides and then cross-linked with a matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7)-sensitive peptide to form biodegradable hydrogels. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) encapsulated in these hydrogels exhibited improved viability and significantly enhanced chondrogenic differentiation compared to controls that were not functionalized with glycosaminoglycan-binding peptides. Hydrogels functionalized with CS-binding peptides also led to significantly higher MMP7 gene expression and activity while the HA-binding peptides significantly increased chondrogenic differentiation of the hMSCs. Our results highlight the potential of this novel biomaterial to modulate cell-mediated processes and create functional tissue engineered constructs for regenerative medicine applications

Marco de trabajo de integración y flujo de trabajo para la visualización virtual del patrimonio cultural. Revisita del montículo Çukuriçi Höyük, Turquía

[EN] This article sets a framework for computer-based visualisations of cultural heritage sites. The project focuses on a workflow for a visualisation illustrated on a specific solution for the site of Çukuriçi Höyük, a tell settlement in Turkey. With the virtual presentation, an interdisciplinary research group tries to offer complex scientific results to the general public as well as to experts. The team utilised data acquisition and communication techniques, interpretative approaches, and dissemination methods. The three-dimensional (3D) outcome is based on a large amount of scientific data, usually available only via analogue or digital publications for a specialised audience. The work focused on constructed and personal authenticity to reach the viewer’s feelings. As an interpretative narrative, the daily lives of the inhabitants were selected. A communication plan was constructed, and a video animation with narration and a musical background was selected as the most appropriate communication tool. The movie was divided into four chapters (Introduction, Neolithic Period, Chalcolithic Period and Early Bronze Age Period). A separate webpage was designed to provide additional information when the video is viewed online. The webpage was divided into tabs that describe each chapter and three additional topics (Visualisation Process, Further Reading, and Credits). The video was shared in different settings, e.g. at public talks and on social media. The process resulted in a complex workflow that consists of several stages: data acquisition, first interpretation, 3D model creation, communication plan, second interpretation, 3D model adjustment, and dissemination output. Each stage of the workflow serves as an example to show the types of nodes these parts can include. The result is a flexible framework with predefined process stages, which can be re-used for similar projects.[ES] Este artículo define un marco de trabajo de visualizaciones por ordenador de sitios patrimoniales. El proyecto se centra en un flujo de trabajo ilustrado por una solución específica de visualización del sitio de Çukuriçi Höyük, un asentamiento sobre un montículo en Turquía. Con la presentación virtual, un grupo de investigación interdisciplinar intenta ofrecer resultados científicos complejos al público en general, así como a los expertos. El equipo utilizó captura de datos y técnicas de comunicación, así como enfoques interpretativos y métodos de difusión. El resultado tridimensional (3D) está basado en una gran cantidad de datos científicos, normalmente disponibles sólo a través de publicaciones analógicas o digitales orientadas a una audiencia especializada. El trabajo se centró en la construcción y la autenticidad personal para alcanzar al espectador a nivel emocional. Como narrativa interpretativa, se seleccionaró la vida diaria de los habitantes. Se construyó un plan de comunicación y se eligió una animación de vídeo con narración y musica de fondo como la herramienta de comunicación más apropiada. La película se dividió en cuatro capítulos (Introducción, Período Neolítico, Período Calcolítico y Período de la Edad de Bronce Temprano). Se diseñó una página web separada para proporcionar información adicional cuando el video se muestra en línea. La página web se dividió en pestañas que describen cada capítulo y tres temas adicionales (Proceso de visualización, Lectura adicional y Créditos). El vídeo se compartió en diferentes entornos, tales como charlas públicas y en redes sociales. El proceso produjo un complejo flujo de trabajo que consta de varias etapas: captura de datos, primera interpretación, creación del modelo 3D, plan de comunicación, segunda interpretación, ajuste del modelo 3D y difusión. Cada etapa del flujo de trabajo sirve de ejemplo para mostrar los tipos de nodos que estas partes pueden incluir. El resultado es un marco de trabajo flexible con etapas de proceso predefinidas, que pueden reutilizarse en proyectos similares.Lužnik-Jancsary, N.; Horejs, B.; Klein, M.; Schwall, C. (2020). Integration and workflow framework for virtual visualisation of cultural heritage. Revisiting the tell of Çukuriçi Höyük, Turkey. Virtual Archaeology Review. 11(23):63-74. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.13086OJS6374112316th General Assembly of ICOMOS. (2008). ICOMOS Charter for the Interpretation and Presentation of Cultural Heritage Sites. International Journal of Cultural Property, 15(4), 377-383. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0940739108080417Andrade, J. G., & Dias, P. (2020). A phygital approach to cultural heritage: augmented reality at Regaleira. Virtual Archaeology Review, 11(22), 15. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.11663Batarda Fernandes, A. (2018). "But will there be visitors?" Public outreach efforts using social media and online presence at the Côa Valley Museum and Archaeological Park (Portugal). Internet Archaeology, 47. https://doi.org/10.11141/ia.47.5Bergner, M., Horejs, B., & Pernicka, E. (2009). Zur Herkunft der Obsidianartefakte vom Çukuriçi Höyük. Studia Troica 18, 249-271. https://doi.org/10.15496/publikation-27955Britsch, C., & Horejs, B. (2014). The role of textile production and fishing in the EBA metallurgical centre of Çukuriçi Höyük (Turkey). In Egypt and the Levant (Vol. 24, pp. 227-240). https://doi.org/10.1553/s227Copeland, T. (2004). Presenting archaeology to the public: constructing insights on-site. In N. Merriman (Ed.), Public Archaeology (pp. 132-144). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203646052Cots, I., Vilà, J., Diloli, J., Ferré, R., & Bricio, L. (2018). Virtual archaeology: From archaeological excavation to the management and diffusion of heritage. Les cases de la catedral (Tortosa) and the protohistorical settlement of la Cella (Salou), Tarragona. Virtual Archaeology Review, 9(19), 102-113. https://doi.org/10.4995/VAR.2018.9754Davis, E. T., Scott, K., Pair, J., Hodges, L. F., & Oliverio, J. (1999). Can Audio Enhance Visual Perception and Performance in a Virtual Environment? Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 43(22), 1197-1201. https://doi.org/10.1177/154193129904302206Denard, H. (Ed.). (2009). The London Charter for the computer-based visualisation of cultural heritage. http://www.londoncharter.org/fileadmin/templates/main/docs/london_charter_2_1_en.pdfDerde, W., & Ludwig, T. (2016). Heritage Interpretation. In G. Tilkin (Ed.), Professional Development in Heritage Interpretation - Manual (pp. 10-20). Landcommanderij Alden Biesen. http://www.interpret-europe.net/fileadmin/Documents/projects/InHerit/Manual-InHerit-EN.pdfFurukawa, Y., Curless, B., Seitz, S. M., & Szeliski, R. (2009). Reconstructing building interiors from images. 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision, 80-87. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2009.5459145Furukawa, Y., Curless, B., Seitz, S. M., & Szeliski, R. (2010). Towards Internet-scale Multi-view Stereo. 2010 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 1434-1441. https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.2010.5539802Galik, A. (2013). Çukuriçi Höyük Zooarchaeology Data. Çukuriçi Höyük Zooarchaeology. https://doi.org/10.6078/M7RF5RZ7Goldstein, A. (1980). Thrills in response to music and other stimuli. Physiological Psychology, 8(1), 126-129. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03326460Ham, S. H., Carter, J., Beck, L., Cable, T., & Ward, C. (2013). Conversations: Tilden's fifth principle. Journal of Interpretation Research, 18(1), 97-104.Hermon, S. (2008). 3D Modelling and Virtual Reality for the Archaeological Research and Museum Communication of Cultural Heritage. In I. Oberländer-Târnoveanu (Ed.), Museum and the Internet. Presenting Cultural Heritage Resources On-line. Selected Papers from the International Summer Course in Buşteni, Romania, 20th - 26th of September, 2004 (pp. 57-72). Arcaeolingua. https://www.academia.edu/285879/3D_Modelling_and_Virtual_Reality_for_the_Archaeological_Research_and_Museum_Communication_of_Cultural_HeritageHermon, S., & Niccoluci, F. (2018). Digital Authenticity and the London Charter principles. In Authenticity and cultural heritage in the age of 3D digital reproductions. (pp. 37-47). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.27029Hill, S., & Cable, T. T. (2006). The Concept of Authenticity: Implications for Interpretation. Journal of Interpretation Research, 11(1), 55-65.Horejs, B. (2017). Çukuriçi Höyük 1. Anatolia and the Aegean from the 7th to the 3rd Millennium BC. In OREA 5. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press.Horejs, B., Galik, A., Thanheiser, U., & Wiesinger, S. (2011). Aktivitäten und Subsistenz in den Siedlungen des Çukuriçi Höyük. Der Forschungsstand nach den Ausgrabungen 2006-2009. Praehistorische Zeitschrift, 86(1), 31-66. https://doi.org/10.1515/pz.2011.003Howard, P. (2003). Heritage : management, interpretation, identity. Continuum International Publishing.Howland, M. D. (2018). 3D Recording in the Field: Style Without Substance? In Cyber-Archaeology and Grand Narratives (Issue 13, pp. 19-33). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65693-9_2Institute for Oriental and European Archaeology (OREA), & 7reasons Medien GmbH. (2016). Çukuriçi Höyük.The World Heritage Site through Time. https://defc.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/cukurici-movie/International Forum of Virtual Archaeology. (2011). Principles of Seville. International Principles of Virtual Archeology (p. 20). http://sevilleprinciples.com/Isenberg, T., Neumann, P., Carpendale, S., Sousa, M. C., & Jorge, J. A. (2006). Non-photorealistic rendering in context. Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering - NPAR '06, 115-126. https://doi.org/10.1145/1124728.1124747Jones, S., Jeffrey, S., Maxwell, M., Hale, A., & Jones, C. (2018). 3D heritage visualisation and the negotiation of authenticity: the ACCORD project. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 24(4), 333-353. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2017.1378905Kidd, J. (2011). Enacting engagement online: framing social media use for the museum. Information Technology & People, 24(1), 64-77. https://doi.org/10.1108/09593841111109422Knipping, M., Müllenhoff, M., & Brückner, H. (2008). Human induced landscape changes around Bafa Gölü (western Turkey). Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 17(4), 365-380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-007-0132-8Ludwig, T. (2015). The Interpretive Guide - Sharing Heritage with People (M. H. Glen (Ed.); 2nd ed.). Bildungswerk interpretation. http://www.interpret-europe.net/fileadmin/Documents/projects/HeriQ/the_interpretive_guide_2015_en.pdfLunenburg, F. C. (2010). Communication : The Process, Barriers, And Improving Effectiveness. Schooling, 1(1), 1-11. https://www.mcgill.ca/engage/files/engage/communication_lunenburg_2010.pdfLužnik, N., & Klein, M. (2016). Interdisciplinary workflow for Virtual Archaeology. Digital Heritage International Congress, Digital Heritage 2015, 177-180. https://doi.org/10.1109/DigitalHeritage.2015.7419481Lužnik Jancsary, N., Horejs, B., Ostmann, F., Schwall, C., & Klein, M. (2016). Documentation of the movie 'Çukuriçi Höyük. The World Heritage Site Through Time.' http://defc.digital-humanities.at/movie/Macnamara, J. (2009). The 21st Century Media (R)evolution. In The 21st Century Media (R)evolution (2nd ed.). Peter Lang US. https://doi.org/10.3726/b15339Mayer, R. E., & Anderson, R. B. (1992). The instructive animation: Helping students build connections between words and pictures in multimedia learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(4), 444-452. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.84.4.444Merriam-Webster.com. (2019a). Reconstructing | Definition of Reconstructing by Merriam-Webster. Merriam Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/reconstructingMerriam-Webster.com. (2019b). Visualize | Definition of Visualize by Merriam-Webster. Www.Merriam-Webster.Com/Dictionary/Visualize. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/visualizeMiller, P., & Richards, J. (1995). The good, the bad, and the downright misleading: archaeological adoption of computer visualization. In J. Huggett & N. Ryan (Eds.), CAA94. Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology 1994 (BAR International Series 600) (pp. 19-22). Tempus Reparatum.Mori, K., & Iwanaga, M. (2017). Two types of peak emotional responses to music: The psychophysiology of chills and tears. 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Niccolucci (Ed.), Virtual archaeology : proceedings of the VAST Euroconference, Arezzo 24-25 November 2000 (pp. 93-100). Archeopress.Russo, A., Watkins, J., Kelly, L., & Chan, S. (2008). Participatory Communication with Social Media. Curator: The Museum Journal, 51(1), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2151-6952.2008.tb00292.xSalselas, I., & Penha, R. (2019). The role of sound in inducing storytelling in immersive environments. Proceedings of the 14th International Audio Mostly Conference: A Journey in Sound on ZZZ - AM'19, 191-198. https://doi.org/10.1145/3356590.3356619Schwall, C. (2018). Çukuriçi Höyük 2. Das 5. und 4. Jahrtausend v. Chr. in Westanatolien und der Ostägäis. OREA 7. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press.Sloboda, J. A. (1991). Music Structure and Emotional Response: Some Empirical Findings. Psychology of Music, 19(2), 110-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735691192002Statham, N. (2019). Scientific rigour of online platforms for 3D visualization of heritage. 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Први резулати археолошких истраживања локалитета Свињаричка чука код Лебана

Новооткривени праисторијски локалитет Свињаричка чука налази се на пространој речној тераси северозападно од локалитета Царичин град. Археолошка истраживања која су током претходне године реализована од стране аустријскосрпског тима стручњака, указала су на изузетан истраживачки и научни потенцијал овог праисторијског локалитета. Покретни археолошки налази и остаци стамбене архитектуре у обе истраживане сонде опредељују локалитет у периоде раног и средњег неолита, позног енеолита, бронзаног и гвозденог доба. Прелиминарни резултати анализе покретног археолошког материјала указују на постојање стамбеног хоризонта из VI миленијума пре наше ере, односно хоризонта старчевачке културе, као и хоризонта насељавања носилаца брњичке културне групе позног бронзаног доба (XV-XIII век пре наше ере)

Bioinduced precipitation of barite and celestite in dolomite microbialites Examples from Miocene lacustrine sequences in the Madrid and Duero Basins, Spain

This paper provides an ancient analogue for biologically mediated celestite and barite formation in dolomite precipitating microbial mats developed in lacustrine environments during the Miocene. Barite and celestite occurrences were studied in three temporally and spatially separated sedimentary successions: S1 and S2 in the Madrid Basin and S3 in the Duero Basin. In S1, macrocrystalline selenite gypsum occurs as laterally continuous beds; in the two other successions (S2 and S3), calcite pseudomorphs of lenticular gypsum aggregates are hosted in dolomite beds as evidence for the former presence of this evaporite. In S1, only celestite is associated with dolomite. Celestite crystals occur as both intergrown clusters, concentrated in pockets likely created by the dissolution of intrasedimentary anhydrite precursors, and as single precipitates associated with dolomite masses that replace selenite gypsum. Celestite crystals are nucleated commonly on organic substances that are pervasively associated with them. In S2 and S3, scarce single celestite crystals are restricted to calcite pseudomorphs after gypsum, whereas barite is the sulphate precipitated in the pseudomorphs' surroundings. Barite is commonly present as patchy poikilotopic crystals which include microbial structures and is embedded in organic matter. Additionally, barite is found as a secondary precipitate within Ba-bearing feldspars. Feldspar weathering is, thus, envisaged as amajor source of barium at these sites. Petrographical, isotopic and compositional observations point out that the barite and celestite formation was not caused by abiological processes only. Rather, the patchy distribution of the sulphates, close links to organic matter with biogenic isotope signatures, and inclusion of microbial structures, such as biologically mediated dolomite, provides evidence for the involvement of microbes in the formation of the sulphates. The coprecipitation of barite and celestite with dolomite entails complex interactions between different microorganisms and reinforces the biological formation of dolomite in saline lakes

Mimicking the extracellular matrix – a biomaterials approach to inhibit tissue fibrosis

Epithelial tissue is marked by the presence of a specialized, highly cross-linked, sheet-like extracellular matrix, the basement membrane. Tissue-invasive events, such as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) - a key event in gastrulation, tissue fibrosis and cancer metastasis – are characterized by irreversible structural changes of the basement membrane through proteolytic processing by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). We have recently reported a previously unidentified laminin fragment that is released during EMT by MMP2 and that modulates key EMT-signalling pathways. Specifically, interaction of the laminin fragment with α3β1-integrin triggers the down-regulation of MMP2 expression, thereby constituting a cell-basement membrane-cell feedback mechanism. Inhibiting MMPs has been proposed as a strategy to prevent pathological cell migration and basement membrane breakdown in the course of EMT. Here, we explore this cell-matrix-cell feedback mechanism to target pathological EMT in the course of tissue fibrosis. We present an electrospun biomaterial that is functionalized with the recombinant laminin fragment and that can be directly interfaced with epithelial tissue to interfere with EMT pathways and inhibit MMP2 expression and activity in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate how interaction of the functionalized synthetic membrane with peritoneal tissue inhibits mesothelial EMT in a mouse model of TGFβ-induced peritoneal fibrosis by decreasing active MMP2 levels, and propose a mechanism of how the laminin fragment acts downstream of α3β1-integrin in epithelial cells, after it is released from the basement membrane

Austrijsko-srpski projekat Praistorijski pejzaži u regionu Puste reke (Leskovac) – istraživanja 2017. godine

Izveštaj o aktivnostima projekta Pusta Reka tokom 2017. godine

Arheološka istraživanja na lokalitetu Svinjarička Čuka u 2018. i 2019. godini

Izveštaj o sistematskim arheološkim istraživanjima na lokalitetu Svinjarička čuka kod Lebana tokom 2018. i 2019. godine

Residual Endotoxin Contaminations in recombinant proteins are sufficient to activate human CD1c+ dendritic cells

Many commercially available recombinant proteins are produced in Escherichia coli, and most suppliers guarantee contamination levels of less than 1 endotoxin unit (EU). When we analysed commercially available proteins for their endotoxin content, we found contamination levels in the same range as generally stated in the data sheets, but also some that were higher. To analyse whether these low levels of contamination have an effect on immune cells, we stimulated the monocytic cell line THP-1, primary human monocytes, in vitro differentiated human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, and primary human CD1c+ dendritic cells (DCs) with very low concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; ranging from 0.0022 ng/ml). We show that CD1c+ DCs especially can be activated by minimal amounts of LPS, equivalent to the levels of endotoxin contamination we detected in some commercially available proteins. Notably, the enhanced endotoxin sensitivity of CD1c+ DCs was closely correlated with high CD14 expression levels observed in CD1c+ DCs that had been maintained in cell culture medium for 24 hours. When working with cells that are particularly sensitive to LPS, even low endotoxin contamination may generate erroneous data. We therefore recommend that recombinant proteins be thoroughly screened for endotoxin contamination using the limulus amebocyte lysate test, fluorescence-based assays, or a luciferase based NF-B reporter assay involving highly LPS-sensitive cells overexpressing TLR4, MD-2 and CD14