Reviews

Reviews Zoe Keithley. The Peaceable Classroom. (Mary Rose O\u27Reilley, 1993). Gerd Bräuer. Presence of Mind: Writing and the Domain Beyond the Cognitive. (Alice G. Brand and Richard L. Graves, Eds., 1994). Larry Anderson. A History of the Mind: Evolution and the Birth of Consciousness. (Nicholas Humphrey, 1992). Deborah F. Van Hoorn. Writing from the Inner Self. (Elaine Farris Hughes, 1994). Susan Becker. Reclaiming the Tacit Dimension: Symbolic Form in the Rhetoric of Silence. (George Kalamaras, 1994)

Patient-relevant health outcomes for von Willebrand disease, platelet function disorders, and rare bleeding disorders:a Delphi study

Background: To assess patient value, it is essential to regularly measure health outcomes that matter to patients. It is currently unknown which health outcomes are important for patients with autosomal inherited bleeding disorders. Objectives: This study aimed to assess which health outcomes are important for patients with autosomal inherited bleeding disorders, consisting of von Willebrand disease, platelet function disorders, and rare bleeding disorders, as seen from the patients’, caregivers’, and healthcare professionals’ perspectives. Methods: Two panels, one consisting of patients and caregivers, and one consisting of healthcare professionals participated in a Delphi process. A list of 146 health outcomes was identified from the literature. During 3 rounds, both panels rated the importance of health outcomes on a 5-point Likert scale. A health outcome was considered important by a panel if it received a median score of 5 with an IQR of ≤1. Results: In total, 13 patients, 10 caregivers, and 19 healthcare professionals participated in the Delphi study. Both panels reached consensus on the importance of health outcomes related to bleeding episodes, life-threatening complications, and the intensity and impact of menstruation. Patients and caregivers additionally reached consensus on the importance of health outcomes related to menstruation and the impact of the bleeding disorder on their daily lives. Healthcare professionals reached consensus on the importance of health outcomes related to treatment, joint health, and pain. Conclusion: In this study, health outcomes were identified that should be considered when implementing value-based health care in the care of patients with autosomal inherited bleeding disorders.</p

A critical evaluation of spectrum-based fault localization techniques on a large-scale software system

In the past, spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL) techniques have been developed to pinpoint a fault location in a program given a set of failing and successful test executions. Most of the algorithms use similarity coefficients and have only been evaluated on established but small benchmark programs from the Software-artifact Infrastructure Repository (SIR). In this paper, we evaluate the feasibility of applying 33 state-of-the-art SBFL techniques to a large real-world project, namely ASPECTJ. From an initial set of 350 faulty version from the iBugs repository of ASPECTJ we manually classified 88 bugs where SBFL techniques are suitable. Notably, only 11 bugs of these bugs can be found after examining the 1000 most suspicious lines and on average 250 source code files need to be inspected per bug. Based on these results, the study showcases the limitations of current SBFL techniques on a larger program

Opto-mechanical probe for combining atomic force microscopy and optical near-field surface analysis

We have developed a new easy-to-use probe that can be used to combine atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM). We show that, using this device, the evanescent field, obtained by total internal reflection conditions in a prism, can be visualized by approaching the surface with the scanning tip. Furthermore, we were able to obtain simultaneous AFM and SNOM images of a standard test grating in air and in liquid. The lateral resolution in AFM and SNOM mode was estimated to be 45 and 160 nm, respectively. This new probe overcomes a number of limitations that commercial probes have, while yielding the same resolution. (C) 2014 Optical Society of Americ