Ischemic Necrosis Caused by Retroanastomotic Hernia after Subtotal Gastrectomy

After gastrojejunostomy, a small space can occur between the jejunum at the anastomosis site, the transverse mesocolon, and retroperitoneum, which may cause an intestinal hernia. This report presents a rare case of intestinal ischemic necrosis caused by retroanastomotic hernia after subtotal gastrectomy. A 56-year-old male was admitted to Kangwon National University Hospital with melena, abdominal pain, and nausea. His only relevant medical history was gastrectomy due to stomach cancer. Endoscopic findings revealed subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth-II reconstruction and a bluish edematous mucosal change with necrotic tissue in afferent and efferent loops including the anastomosis site. Abdominopelvic CT showed strangulation of proximal small bowel loops due to mesenteric torsion and thickening of the wall of the gastric remnant. Emergency laparotomy was performed. Surgical findings revealed the internal hernia through the defect behind the anastomosis site with strangulation of the jejunum between 20 cm below the Treitz ligament and the proximal ileum. Roux-en-Y anastomosis was performed, and he was discharged without complication. Retroanastomotic hernia, also called Petersen\u27s space hernia, is a rare complication after gastric surgery, cannot be easily recognized, and leads to strangulation

Spontaneous magnetization in QCD and non-Fermi-liquid effects

Magnetic properties of quark matter at finite temperature are discussed by evaluating the magnetic susceptibility. Combining the microscopic calculation of the self-energy for quarks as well as the screening effects for gluons with Fermi-liquid theory in a consistent way, we study the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility. The longitudinal gluons have the static screening given by the Debye mass, and have a standard temperature dependence of $O(T^2)$. An anomalous $T^2\ln T$ term arises in the magnetic susceptibility as a novel non-Fermi-liquid effect due to the anomalous self-energy for quarks given by the dynamic screening for transverse gluons. We then extract the critical(Curie) temperature and present the magnetic phase diagram on the density-temperature plane.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures; Secs. 1 and 5 have been revise

Overview of field operations during a 2013 research expedition to the southern Beaufort Sea on the RV Araon

Research experiments conducted and preliminary findings The Expedition ARA04C is a multidisciplinary research program in the Beaufort Sea, carried out in collaboration between the Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), Department of Fisheries and Ocean (DFO), Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), and the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI). The Expedition ARA04C on the IBRV Araon took place from September 6 to September 24, 2013 (Figure 0.1). Multiple research experiments were undertaken to study geological processes related to degrading permafrost, fluid flow and degassing, and associated geohazards, paleo-oceanography of the Beaufort shelf and slope region, as well as physical and chemical oceanography measurement of the Arctic Ocean linked with continuous atmospheric studies. The expedition focused on two main research areas: offshore Barrow, Alaska, from September 7 to September 9, 2013, and the Canadian Beaufort Sea from September 10 to September 24, 2013. Multichannel seismic data, in conjunction with an ocean-bottom-seismometer (OBS) study were collected to support drilling proposals especially IODP pre-proposal #806 (Dallimore et al., 2012), and to verify distribution and internal structures of the offshore permafrost occurrences (Figure 0.2). The multi-channel seismic data were acquired on the outer continental shelf of the Canadian Beaufort Sea, totaling 14 lines with ~435 line-kilometers and ~4,500 shot gathers (Chapter 3). The combined multichannel seismic and OBS data will be processed post-expedition at KOPRI and the GSC, and will allow detailed velocity analyses to investigate the permafrost signature and help mapping zones of high-velocity sediments indicative of the presence of ice (Chapter 4). Individual shot gathers collected during the multichannel seismic program show clear refraction arrivals with velocities around 2000m/s in areas of expected permafrost occurrence, and shot gathers lacked such arrivals in zones where the permafrost was predicted to be absent. It is therefore expected that the OBS data, once processed, will also show clear refracted arrivals for velocity analyses. Continuous sub-bottom profiler (SBP) and multibeam data were collected along all ship tracks for detailed subsurface imaging of sediment structures and permafrost, as well as for core-site location verification (Chapter 5 and 6). During Expedition ARA04C, more than 3000 line-kilometers of SBP data were collected, co-located with multibeam and backscatter data. These data are an essential part of the study of sub-seafloor permafrost distribution and provide insights into sediment dynamics at critical boundaries, such as the shelf edge. Along the shelf edge, the occurrence of pingo-like features (PLFs) result in a rugged landscape with thousands of PLFs piercing through the otherwise laminated sediments. More than 30 crossings of this critical shelf-edge boundary were made during this expedition, which complement data acquired in 2012 with the Huntec system and 3.5 kHz data provided by ArcticNet as part of the regional multibeam map of the study area. High resolution data provided critical new insights in deep-water fluid expulsion zones. Key new data were acquired over the area of the "Gary Knolls", where PLF structures occur at the shelf edge in water depth of only 50 to 60 m. All SBP data from this expedition will be post-processed and analyzed for the presence of sub-seafloor permafrost, occurrence of the PLF structures and indications for fluid and gas migration. Multibeam and backscatter data were collected along all ship tracks, adding to the database of existing information gathered through previous expeditions to the study region. Heat flow measurements were undertaken at eight stations (Figure 0.3) to study the thermal structure of fluid expulsion features, as well as degrading permafrost along a slope-shelf transect in the eastern Mackenzie Trough (Chapter 7). The data provide critical constraints on the distribution of sub-seafloor permafrost as well as the gas hydrate stability zone around fluid expulsion features. A very important finding is the observation made at the mud volcano in 420 m water depth, where seafloor temperatures are the highest in all observed stations, indicating active mud volcanism. Geological sampling using gravity coring and multi-coring tools was performed at strategic sites to support two research objectives. The first objective was to provide key data towards ongoing international research linked to IODP pre-proposals #753 (O'Regan et al., 2010) and #806 (Dallimore et al., 2012). The second objective was to collect core to define key seismo-stratigraphic horizons critical to the understanding of geohazards in the region (Chapter 8). In total, 21 gravity cores and 12 multi-cores were taken (Figure 0.4, Table 8.3). All cores were scanned with a multi-sensor core-logger to measure physical properties (Chapter 9). Most sediment analyses on the cores will be performed post-expedition at KOPRI, GSC, and laboratories of other University-based collaborators in Canada and Germany. Onboard, sub-samples were taken from all shallow multi-cores and selected gravity cores. On selected cores from the Canadian Beaufort study region pore-waters were extracted using rhizones. These samples will be analyzed postexpedition at MBARI. Water sampling and Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiling was undertaken at most core sites to study physical and chemical properties of the seawater (Figure 0.5). These station-measurements were complemented by continuous waterproperty and atmospheric measurements when the Araon was underway. Most samples taken will be analyzed post-expedition at KOPRI for DIC/TA, nutrients, DOC, and POC. The pH of seawater, underway data of pCO2, CH4, and N2O, as well as a variety of subsequent calculations is required for accurate estimates in the above listed parameters. Methane was also measured with a methane sensor attached to the CTD tool and at the mud volcano in 420 m water depth, methane concentrations of more than 100-times ocean background were seen. The methane plume was also acoustically imaged with the echo sounder systems on board the IBRV Araon. Further details on the water sampling and atmospheric measurements are given in Chapter 10 and 11

Amplitude equations and pattern selection in Faraday waves

We present a systematic nonlinear theory of pattern selection for parametric surface waves (Faraday waves), not restricted to fluids of low viscosity. A standing wave amplitude equation is derived from the Navier-Stokes equations that is of gradient form. The associated Lyapunov function is calculated for different regular patterns to determine the selected pattern near threshold. For fluids of large viscosity, the selected wave pattern consists of parallel stripes. At lower viscosity, patterns of square symmetry are obtained in the capillary regime (large frequencies). At lower frequencies (the mixed gravity-capillary regime), a sequence of six-fold (hexagonal), eight-fold, ... patterns are predicted. The regions of stability of the various patterns are in quantitative agreement with recent experiments conducted in large aspect ratio systems.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, Revte

Hydrogen adsorption on Pd(133) surface

In this study used is an approach based on measurements of the total energy distribution (TED) of field emitted electrons in order to examine the properties of Pd (133) from the aspect of both hydrogen adsorption and surface hydrides formation. The most favourable sites offered to a hydrogen atom to be adsorbed have been indicated and an attempt to describe the peaks of the enhancement factor R spectrum to the specific adsorption sites has also been made.Comment: to be submitted to the Centr. Eur. J. Phy

Statistical Analsysis to Evaluate Heavy Metal Pollution in the Air Obatained by Moss Technique in Hanoi and its Surrounding Region

The aim of this paper was the application of statistical analysis including principal component analysis to evaluate heavy metal pollution obtained by moss technique in the air of Ha Noi and its surrounding areas and to evaluate potential pollution sources. The concentrations of 33 heavy metal elements in 27 samples of Barbula Indica moss in the investigated region collected in December of 2016 in the investigated area have been examined using multivariate statistical analysis. Five factors explaining 80% of the total variance were identified and their potential sources have been discussed

Constraints on the Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Flux from Gamma-Ray Bursts from a Prototype Station of the Askaryan Radio Array

We report on a search for ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the data set collected by the Testbed station of the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) in 2011 and 2012. From 57 selected GRBs, we observed no events that survive our cuts, which is consistent with 0.12 expected background events. Using NeuCosmA as a numerical GRB reference emission model, we estimate upper limits on the prompt UHE GRB neutrino fluence and quasi-diffuse flux from $10^{7}$ to $10^{10}$ GeV. This is the first limit on the prompt UHE GRB neutrino quasi-diffuse flux above $10^{7}$ GeV.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, Published in Astroparticle Physics Journa

First Constraints on the Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Flux from a Prototype Station of the Askaryan Radio Array

The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultra-high energy ($>10^{17}$ eV) cosmic neutrino detector in phased construction near the South Pole. ARA searches for radio Cherenkov emission from particle cascades induced by neutrino interactions in the ice using radio frequency antennas ($\sim150-800$ MHz) deployed at a design depth of 200 m in the Antarctic ice. A prototype ARA Testbed station was deployed at $\sim30$ m depth in the 2010-2011 season and the first three full ARA stations were deployed in the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 seasons. We present the first neutrino search with ARA using data taken in 2011 and 2012 with the ARA Testbed and the resulting constraints on the neutrino flux from $10^{17}-10^{21}$ eV.Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures. Since first revision, added section on systematic uncertainties, updated limits and uncertainty band with improvements to simulation, added appendix describing ray tracing algorithm. Final revision includes a section on cosmic ray backgrounds. Published in Astropart. Phys.

Genetic Interaction of Centrosomin and Bazooka in Apical Domain Regulation in Drosophila Photoreceptor

Cell polarity genes including Crumbs (Crb) and Par complexes are essential for controlling photoreceptor morphogenesis. Among the Crb and Par complexes, Bazooka (Baz, Par-3 homolog) acts as a nodal component for other cell polarity proteins. Therefore, finding other genes interacting with Baz will help us to understand the cell polarity genes' role in photoreceptor morphogenesis. mutation on developing eyes to determine its role in photoreceptor morphogenesis. We found that Cnn is dispensable for retinal differentiation in eye imaginal discs during the larval stage. However, photoreceptors deficient in Cnn display dramatic morphogenesis defects including the mislocalization of Crumbs (Crb) and Bazooka (Baz) during mid-stage pupal eye development, suggesting that Cnn is specifically required for photoreceptor morphogenesis during pupal eye development. This role of Cnn in apical domain modulation was further supported by Cnn's gain-of-function phenotype. Cnn overexpression in photoreceptors caused the expansion of the apical Crb membrane domain, Baz and adherens junctions (AJs). photoreceptor