Innovation Management: insights in the digital context

The purpose of this Innovation Management (IM) position paper is to present an overview in summary form of key literature (academic and practitioner) that has informed the shape of innovation management in the digital business context

ETHICS in AIED: Who Cares? An EC-TEL workshop

The 2018 and 2019 AIED conferences workshop ETHICS in AIED: Who Cares? Was an important but only a first step towards addressing the far-reaching ethical questions raised by the field of AIED. The reality is that, although there are encouraging signs, most AIED research, development and deployment continues to take place in what is essentially a moral vacuum. In short, still today, little research has been undertaken, no guidelines have been provided, no policies have been developed, and no regulations have been enacted to address the specific ethical issues raised by the application of AI in educational contexts. For these reasons, for the EC-TEL 2019 conference, we proposed a third ETHICS in AIED: Who Cares? Workshop. This built on the outcomes of the previous workshops (which includes a journal paper and commissioned book). It was an opportunity for researchers who are exploring AIED ethical issues to share their insights, to identify key ethical issues, to map out how to address the multiple challenges, and to inform best practice. The overarching aim was to help establish a basis for meaningful ethical reflection necessary for innovation in AIED. The workshop began with “ETHICS in AIED: What’s the problem?”. Then was followed by “Addressing the Challenges”, round-table small-group discussions, each triggered by an ethics vignette or a provocative statement; and then “Mapping the Landscape”, in which two EC-TEL conference participants gave a fifteen-minute presentation on an ethics in AIED research issue with which they have been engaging. The workshop concluded with a whole-workshop discussion considering what Ethics in AIED 2025 will look like. A core outcome for this workshop was to identify and propose Ethics in AIED policy for the International AIED Society and future EC-TEL conferences to address

Vanessa Siddle Walker: Honoring Keepers of Knowledge by Using Their Stories to Improve Education

Dr. Vanessa Siddle Walker, a renowned historical researcher in the field of education, is a leading voice in the history of school desegregation in the United States. In this interview, she discusses positioning black educators as significant agents of change in the collective narrative of schools and highlights how their organized action and strategic advocacy has led to social justice and equity for black students. Her research informs how our schools have worked in the past, and how lessons from our past can serve to mobilize resources for the equitable education of all children today

Individual differences in verbalization predict change detection performance: Anew perspective on the language-thought debate

The question of whether language affects nonlinguistic processes remains unresolved. Whereas many studies findthat effects of language on such processes are disrupted when verbalization is inhibited, others show that they persist. Weexplored individual differences in the tendency to verbalize as a potential resolution to this discrepancy. We hypothesized thatif language is spontaneously accessed during nonlinguistic tasks, individual differences in verbalization should predict taskperformance. Participants completed a visual change-detection task and the Verbalizer-Visualizer Questionnaire (VVQ), a self-report measure of cognitive styles linked to modality-specific neural systems. We found that higher scores on the “verbalizer”dimension of the VVQ predicted faster but less accurate change detection. These results suggest that some individuals aremore likely than others to use language when performing tasks that do not require it, and hence that effects of language onnonlinguistic processes are more likely to be observed in such individuals

3D vanadium oxide inverse opal growth by electrodeposition

Three-dimensional vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) material architectures in the form of inverse opals (IOs) were fabricated using a simple electrodeposition process into artificial opal templates on stainless steel foil using an aqueous solution of VOSO4.χH2O with added ethanol. The direct deposition of V2O5 IOs was compared with V2O5 planar electrodeposition and confirms a similar progressive nucleation and growth mechanism. An in-depth examination of the chemical and morphological nature of the IO material was performed using X-ray crystallography, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman scattering and scanning/transmission electron microscopy. Electrodeposition is demonstrated to be a function of the interstitial void fraction of the artificial opal and ionic diffusivity that leads to high quality, phase pure V2O5 inverse opals is not adversely affected by diffusion pathway tortuosity. Methods to alleviate electrodeposited overlayer formation on the artificial opal templates for the fabrication of the porous 3D structures are also demonstrated. Such a 3D material is ideally suited as a cathode for lithium ion batteries, electrochromic devices, sensors and for applications requiring high surface area electrochemically active metal oxides

Empirical and dynamic approaches for modelling the yield and N content of European grasslands

This work was supported by the Horizon 2020 SFS-01c-2015 project entitled “Innovation of sustainable sheep and goat production in Europe (iSAGE)” [grant number 679302]; and the Rural & Environment Science & Analytical Services Division of the Scottish Government. BC3 is supported by the Basque Government through the BERC 2018–2021 program and by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MINECO through BC3 María de Maeztu excellence accreditation MDM-2017-0714. Agustin del Prado is supported by the Ramon y Cajal Programme. We would like to thank all the people who provided the data which made this work possible. In particular, Professor Wolfgang Schmidt, for data from the Experimental Botanical Garden of Göttingen University. Also the Lawes Agricultural Trust and Rothamsted Research for data from the e-RA database. The Rothamsted Long-term Experiments National Capability (LTE-NCG) is supported by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council and the Lawes Agricultural Trust.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Innovating Pedagogy 2020: Open University Innovation Report 8

This series of reports explores new forms of teaching, learning and assessment for an interactive world, to guide teachers and policy makers in productive innovation. This eighth report, produced by The Open University in collaboration with the National Institute for Digital Learning (NIDL) in Ireland, describes ten innovations that have the potential to influence education in the coming years

The Pan-STARRS Moving Object Processing System

We describe the Pan-STARRS Moving Object Processing System (MOPS), a modern software package that produces automatic asteroid discoveries and identifications from catalogs of transient detections from next-generation astronomical survey telescopes. MOPS achieves > 99.5% efficiency in producing orbits from a synthetic but realistic population of asteroids whose measurements were simulated for a Pan-STARRS4-class telescope. Additionally, using a non-physical grid population, we demonstrate that MOPS can detect populations of currently unknown objects such as interstellar asteroids. MOPS has been adapted successfully to the prototype Pan-STARRS1 telescope despite differences in expected false detection rates, fill-factor loss and relatively sparse observing cadence compared to a hypothetical Pan-STARRS4 telescope and survey. MOPS remains >99.5% efficient at detecting objects on a single night but drops to 80% efficiency at producing orbits for objects detected on multiple nights. This loss is primarily due to configurable MOPS processing limits that are not yet tuned for the Pan-STARRS1 mission. The core MOPS software package is the product of more than 15 person-years of software development and incorporates countless additional years of effort in third-party software to perform lower-level functions such as spatial searching or orbit determination. We describe the high-level design of MOPS and essential subcomponents, the suitability of MOPS for other survey programs, and suggest a road map for future MOPS development.Comment: 57 Pages, 26 Figures, 13 Table

Protecting Half the Planet and Transforming Human Systems Are Complementary Goals

The unfolding crises of mass extinction and climate change call for urgent action in response. To limit biodiversity losses and avert the worst effects of climate disruption, we must greatly expand nature protection while simultaneously downsizing and transforming human systems. The conservation initiative Nature Needs Half (or Half Earth), calling for the conservation of half the Earth's land and seas, is commensurate with the enormous challenges we face. Critics have objected to this initiative as harboring hardship for people near protected areas and for failing to confront the growth economy as the main engine of global ecological destruction. In response to the first criticism, we affirm that conservation policies must be designed and implemented in collaboration with Indigenous and local communities. In response to the second criticism, we argue that protecting half the Earth needs to be complemented by downscaling and reforming economic life, humanely and gradually reducing the global population, and changing food production and consumption. By protecting nature generously, and simultaneously contracting and transforming the human enterprise, we can create the conditions for achieving justice and well-being for both people and other species. If we fail to do so, we instead accept a chaotic and impoverished world that will be dangerous for us all