O estudo da geometria analítica com a utilização do software GeoGebra

O presente ensaio tratou de uma experiência de metodologia baseada em um estudo da Geometria Analítica por meio do software GeoGebra. A ideia surgiu a partir da nossa primeira aventura como autores em que trabalhamos a aplicação do software em soluções de uma questão da olímpiada de matemática. Então, esse novo projeto investiga temas como Filosofia, Ciência, Religião, surgimento da Geometria Analítica, tópicos como a BNCC, Bibliometria e práticas com o GeoGebra voltadas para a sala de aula, enfim, todos em um cenário simbiótico com a matemática. Constatou-se que as possibilidades podem direcionar a maneira pela qual o profissional da educação enxerga seu trabalho e que além das dificuldades da realidade educacional, ainda há sugestões de propostas que os docentes são capazes de realizar para a transformação de vidas

GeoGebra

A cada dia as técnicas de ensino e pesquisa avançam para ampliação do ensino da matemática. Para a efetiva aplicabilidade dos novos conceitos da matemática a aplicabilidade do GeoGebra torna-se mais requerida no sentido de se propor novas técnicas de pesquisa e ensino. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem por objetivo evidenciar através de um estudo bibliométrico a temática GeoGebra para a promoção do ensino e pesquisa na ciência matemática para que a sociedade como um todo possa ter um documento que amplie as discussões relacionadas a ampliação do conhecimento tão necessário a cada dia nas vertentes da educação. A plataforma computacional de coleta dos dados utilizada para este estudo bibliométrico foi a Web of Science (WoS), possibilitando a constatação de trabalhos com relevância assim como a propagação de trabalhos científicos internacionalmente dando ao mesmo uma maior visibilidade e a importância de pesquisa. Para tanto, foi percebido que para o tema GeoGebra foi maior o número de publicações de trabalhos mais técnicos sob o formato de artigos científicos, havendo assim uma limitação de outras fontes de acesso para a ampla discussão da inserção da aplicabilidade da técnica matemática do GeoGebra

Analysis Statistics in Practical Problems of Food Health

This study aimed at the application of dietary supplementation in elderly people and, after a period, to prepare a statistical diagnosis of before and after some dimensional information to verify the great influence of diet in these patients. In order to do so, statistical analyzes were used, which are important tools that allow us to perceive the transformations in different chronological periods. As a result, it was possible to verify the history of the patients that were being altered in the last months by the new food supplement implanted, having a statistical explanation besides the nutritional one. However, care has been taken to demonstrate how misunderstanding can hamper interpretation and originate erroneous information from work

Fatores das triagens pré-clínica e clínica que impedem a doação de sangue / Screening preclinical and clinical factors that prevent a blood donation

As triagens pré-clínica e clínica são responsáveis pelos elevados índices de inaptidão temporária dos candidatos à doação de sangue e é um fator limitante na manutenção dos estoques nos bancos de sangue. Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar os principais motivos de inaptidão temporária em um serviço de hemoterapia e determinar a distribuição dos candidatos inaptos à doação de sangue, quanto ao tipo de doador e doações, ao gênero e à faixa etária. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa para avaliar o os principais motivos que levam a um candidato à doação de sangue ser recusado temporariamente em um serviço de hemoterapia, no período de 2012 a 2016. A pesquisa foi realizada com os dados coletados a partir dos relatórios fornecidos pelo setor de Tecnologia da Informação (TIC) do HEMOCE.  Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva simples utilizando o programa Microsoft Excel 2016 e o projeto foi aprovado com o número do parecer 2.160.449 pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CEP) da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Os resultados mostraram que os candidatos inaptos às doações de sangue eram principalmente do sexo masculino, jovens (com idade variando de 18 a 29 anos), doadores de primeira vez e o tipo de doação predominante era a espontânea. Os principais motivos de inaptidão nos homens foram: o comportamento sexual de risco, a anemia, a hipertensão, o uso de drogas e a presença de doenças infecciosas, enquanto nas mulheres foram:  a anemia, o comportamento sexual de risco, a hipotensão, a hipertensão e a presença de doenças infecciosas. 

Exposure computational models with voxel phantoms coupled to EGSnrc Monte Carlo code

In computational dosimetry of ionizing radiation, the energy deposited in radiosensitive organs and tissues is evaluated when an anthropomorphic simulator (phantom) is irradiated using Exposure Computational Models (ECMs). An ECM is a virtual scene with a phantom positioned mathematically relative to a radioactive source. The initial state includes information like the type of primary particle, its energy, starting point coordinates, and direction. Subsequently, robust Monte Carlo (MC) codes are used to simulate the particle's mean free path, interaction with the medium's atoms, and energy deposition. These are common steps for simulations involving photons and/or primary electrons. The GDN (Research Group on Numerical Dosimetry and the Research Group on Computational Dosimetry and Embedded Systems) has published ECMs with voxel phantoms irradiated by photons using the MC code EGSnrc. This work has led to specific computational tools development for various numerical dosimetry stages, including input file preparation, ECM execution, and result analysis. Since 2004, the GDN developed in-house applications like FANTOMAS, CALDose_X, DIP, and MonteCarlo. Certain previously used phantoms are reintroduced to provide historical context in the ECMs' production timeline, emphasizing additive modifications inherent in systematic theme studies. The dosimetric evaluations used the binary version of the MASH (Male Adult mesh) phantom, converted to the SID (Dosimetric Information System) text file type. This format has been used by the group since 2021 to couple a voxel phantom to the EGSnrc user code. The ECM included an environmental dosimetry problem simulation. Most of these tools are accessible on the GDN page (http://dosimetrianumerica.org)

The psychological science accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030