21,643 research outputs found
Distribution of spectral widths and preponderance of spin-0 ground states in nuclei
We use a single j-shell model with random two-body interactions to derive
closed expressions for the distribution of and the correlations between
spectral widths of different spins. This task is facilitated by introducing
two-body operators whose squared spectral widths sum up to the squared spectral
width of the random Hamiltonian. The spin-0 width is characterized by a
relatively large average value and small fluctuations while the width of
maximum spin has the largest average and the largest fluctuations. The
approximate proportionality between widths and spectral radii explains the
preponderance of spin-0 ground states.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figure
Instrument for measuring thin-film belt lengths
Instrument consists of base, vernier height gauge, sliding block, and balance-beam assembly with tension weight. Pulley bracket is provided with three pulley mounting holes, 4 inches apart, to accommodate widely different belt lengths. Instrument is accurate to within 0.001 inch and is suitable for commercial production
Ring current proton decay by charge exchange
Explorer 45 measurements during the recovery phase of a moderate magnetic storm have confirmed that the charge exchange decay mechanism can account for the decay of the storm-time proton ring current. Data from the moderate magnetic storm of 24 February 1972 was selected for study since a symmetrical ring current had developed and effects due to asymmetric ring current losses could be eliminated. It was found that after the initial rapid decay of the proton flux, the equatorially mirroring protons in the energy range 5 to 30 keV decayed throughout the L-value range of 3.5 to 5.0 at the charge exchange decay rate calculated by Liemohn. After several days of decay, the proton fluxes reached a lower limit where an apparent equilibrium was maintained, between weak particle source mechanisms and the loss mechanisms, until fresh protons were injected into the ring current region during substorms. While other proton loss mechanisms may also be operating, the results indicate that charge exchange can entirely account for the storm-time proton ring current decay, and that this mechanism must be considered in all studies involving the loss of proton ring current particles
Real inequality in Europe since 1500
Introducing a concept of real, as opposed to nominal, inequality of income or wealth suggests some historical reinterpretations, buttressed by a closer look at consumption by the rich. The purchasing powers of different income classes depend on how relative prices move. Relative prices affected real inequality more strongly in earlier centuries than in the twentieth. Between 1500 and about 1800, staple food and fuels became dearer, while luxury goods, especially servants, became cheaper, greatly widening the inequality of lifestyles. Peace, industrialization, and globalization reversed this inegalitarian price effect in the nineteenth century, at least for England
A spacecraft digital stabilization and control system study
Digital techniques to increase reliability and accuracy of spacecraft control and stabilization system
Off-lattice Monte Carlo Simulation of Supramolecular Polymer Architectures
We introduce an efficient, scalable Monte Carlo algorithm to simulate
cross-linked architectures of freely-jointed and discrete worm-like chains.
Bond movement is based on the discrete tractrix construction, which effects
conformational changes that exactly preserve fixed-length constraints of all
bonds. The algorithm reproduces known end-to-end distance distributions for
simple, analytically tractable systems of cross-linked stiff and freely jointed
polymers flawlessly, and is used to determine the effective persistence length
of short bundles of semi-flexible worm-like chains, cross-linked to each other.
It reveals a possible regulatory mechanism in bundled networks: the effective
persistence of bundles is controlled by the linker density.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
The histological significance of atypical glandular cells on cervical cytology: Experience at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Background. Atypical glandular cells (AGC) identified on Pap tests may be markers for potentially significant pathology.Objectives. Primarily, to correlate AGC findings at Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH), Cape Town, South Africa, with subsequent histological investigations and attempt to identify predictors of pathology relevant to the clinical management of women with a cytological diagnosis of AGC. Secondly, to compare the GSH data with data from similar international studies.Methods. Records of AGC Pap tests were retrieved from the laboratory database in the anatomical pathology laboratory at GSH and clinically relevant information was summarised based on the available information. Standard descriptive statistics were used to summarise the study data, and Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical outcomes, where possible.Results. Of the 237 women with a cytological diagnosis of AGC and who had subsequent histological diagnoses, 120 (50.6%) had significant pathology (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or worse). Significant cervical pathology was most common in women aged <50 years, while significant endometrial pathology predominated in women aged ≥50 years. The results of the GSH study were largely consistent with international findings, but the risk of malignancy was six times higher in the GSH population than in a comparable international group.Conclusion. AGC identified on Pap tests may be markers for potentially significant pathology. Human papillomavirus DNA testing is recommended for younger women diagnosed with AGC to reduce invasive investigations and minimise expenses in a resource-poor setting
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Data assimilation insights on selecting the most valuable atmospheric measurements
We discuss how objective guidance on selecting the most valuable atmospheric measurements on future Mars spacecraft missions can be provided through already developed Martian atmospheric data assimilation systems, and in particular through Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) which are widely used to design instruments for the Earth’s atmosphere
Direct neutron capture cross sections of 62Ni in the s-process energy range
Direct neutron capture on 62Ni is calculated in the DWBA and the cross
sections in the energy range relevant for s-process nucleosynthesis are given.
It is confirmed that the thermal value of the capture cross section contains a
subthreshold resonance contribution. Contrary to previous investigations it is
found that the capture at higher energies is dominated by p-waves, thus leading
to a considerably increased cross section at s-process energies and a modified
energy dependence.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure, corrected typos in Eq. 6 and subsequent paragrap
Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy and Vortex Imaging in the Iron-Pnictide Superconductor BaFeCoAs
We present an atomic resolution scanning tunneling spectroscopy study of
superconducting BaFeCoAs single crystals in magnetic fields
up to . At zero field, a single gap with coherence peaks at
is observed in the density of states. At and , we image a disordered vortex lattice, consistent
with isotropic, single flux quantum vortices. Vortex locations are uncorrelated
with strong scattering surface impurities, demonstrating bulk pinning. The
vortex-induced sub-gap density of states fits an exponential decay from the
vortex center, from which we extract a coherence length , corresponding to an upper critical field .Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
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