Vision 2020:Towards an environmentally sound and sustainable development of freshwater resources in Malaysia.

Malaysia became an independent nation in 1957. At independence its population stood at 6.3 million. Today it is about 18.3 million and this figure has been projected to reach 32 million by the year 2020. Over the last 20 years, the country has developed rapidly as a result of careful economic restructure

Charting multidisciplinary research and action priorities towards the conservation and sustainable management of sea turtles in the Pacific ocean : a focus on Malaysia

Conservation, Turtle culture, Malaysia,

Variability of organic and elemental carbon, water soluble organic carbon, and isotopes in Hong Kong

International audienceTo determine the levels and variations of carbonaceous aerosol in Hong Kong, PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected by high volume (Hi-vol) samplers at three monitoring stations (representing middle-scale roadside, urban-, and regional-scale environments) during winter (November 2000 to February 2001) and summer (June 2001 to August 2001) periods. The highest concentrations of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) were found at the middle-scale roadside site with the lowest at the regional-scale site. The percentages of WSOC in total carbon at these sites were inversely correlated with their concentrations (i.e., the highest percentages of WSOC were observed at the regional-scale site). A high WSOC fraction may be associated with aged aerosol because of the secondary formation by photochemical oxidation of organic precursors of anthropogenic pollutants during transport. The annual average of isotope abundances (?13C) of OC and EC were ?26.9±0.5? and ?25.6±0.1?, respectively. There were no notable differences for seasonal distributions of carbon isotopic composition, consistent with motor vehicle emissions being the main source contributors of carbonaceous aerosol in Hong Kong. OC 13C abundances at the regional-scale site were higher than those at the middle-scale roadside and urban sites, consistent with secondary organic aerosols of biogenic origin

Multiplier-less low-delay FIR and IIR wavelet filter banks with SOPOT coefficients

In this paper, a new family of multiplier-less two-channel low-delay wavelet filter banks using the PR structure in [3] and the SOPOT(sum-of-powers-of-two) representation is proposed. In particular, the functions α(z) and β(z) in the structure are chosen as nonlinear-phase FIR and IIR filters, and the design of such multiplier-less filter banks is performed using the genetic algorithm. The proposed design method is very simple to use, and is sufficiently general to construct low-delay wavelet bases with flexible length, delay, and number of zero at π (or 0) in their analysis filters. Several design examples are given to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method

A realistic example of chaotic tunneling: The hydrogen atom in parallel static electric and magnetic fields

Statistics of tunneling rates in the presence of chaotic classical dynamics is discussed on a realistic example: a hydrogen atom placed in parallel uniform static electric and magnetic fields, where tunneling is followed by ionization along the fields direction. Depending on the magnetic quantum number, one may observe either a standard Porter-Thomas distribution of tunneling rates or, for strong scarring by a periodic orbit parallel to the external fields, strong deviations from it. For the latter case, a simple model based on random matrix theory gives the correct distribution.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev.