Typo-morphological assessment of Ludlow and Famagusta Old Town

In the field of urban morphology, different scholars have developed different approaches. The pioneering approaches are the procedural-typological approach of G. Caniggia and G.L. Maffei and the historico-evolutionary approach of M.R.G. Conzen, which are the focus of this paper. However, it is also worth mentioning J.W.R. Whitehand (1981), who integrated the analysis of changes to the built fabric with the study of the individuals and organizations involved in the various aspects of property development, users, planners, and architects. As well, Kropf (2009) named four distinct approaches – spatial analytical, configurational, process typological, and historico-geographical – for the purpose of determining more explicitly which aspects are included in the different approaches to urban morphology. Based on the theoretical approaches of the above-mentioned scholars, in the scope of this article, the architectural and planning dimensions of urban morphology will be discussed for Ludlow and Famagusta, which carry similar morphological characteristics on the planning level and different typological characteristics on the architectural level. Ludlow is a small market town in the south of Shropshire, England; it is a few miles east of the Welsh border. Famagusta, with its Old Town, is a small market town in the eastern part of Cyprus. This article explores urban morphology based on the two pioneering morphological approaches,  and then it sets up a typo-morphological basis for Ludlow and Famagusta through an integrated approach. The belief is that such an integrated approach will drive future interventions, design, and planning policies towards their conservation

Challenges of Promoting Sustainable Mobility on University Campuses: The Case of Eastern Mediterranean University

Universities have the extraordinary ability to generate awareness regarding all aspects of sustainability in communities. To be successful, they must first adopt and model sustainable concepts within their own campuses. Transportation is one of the most affective sectors on the level of sustainability on university campuses. In recent decades, numerous universities around the world have begun encouraging usage of active modes of transportation through various strategies. This research has a multi-faceted approach to researching proven strategies, sampling local conditions, and making context-driven recommendations. The literature review outlines the most effective strategies related to Transportation Demand Management (TDM) for promoting usage of active modes of transportation inside university campuses. After that, the condition of existing facilities and strategies as well as commuters&rsquo propensities related to active modes of transportation in the Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) campus are evaluated using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The results include a set of recommendations and a framework for administrating, implementing, and enhancing a sustainable transportation system thereby increasing the commuter&rsquo s use of sustainable active modes of transportation to, from, and within the university campus. Document type: Articl

Revitalizing a Declining Residential Area -Samanbahçe- in the Walled City of Nicosia

Traditional historic urban quarters, which are special places not only due to the cultural heritage that they house but also due to their urban pattern, are in danger of losing their traditional character, if relevant measures fail to exist to ensure the continuity of this character. Just like the island of Cyprus as a whole, as being ruled by many different conquerors, the Walled City of Nicosia, which is the core of the capital of the island, has undergone substantial changes throughout history, to fit the requirements of different cultures. As a spatial reflection of different socioeconomic life or attitude of the rulers - Lusignan {1192- 1489); Venetian {1489-1571); Ottoman {1571-1878); British {1878-1960) -the urban pattern as well as the buildings and their functions have been modified through time. Consequently, the traditional historic areas became places of intermingling cultures.Through ages, the Walled City of Nicosia, with its organic urban tissue, has always been a pole of attraction in terms of administrative, economic and cultural activities. However, due to the clashes between the two communities living on the Island {the Greeks and the Turks), "a green line" divided the Walled City of Nicosia into two parts in 1963: the Turkish sector in the North and the Greek sector in the South. Until then, the two parts have been developing independently. After 1970s, due to the political and socio-economic changes on the Island, and thus, accordingly the changes in the population and its physical distribution and mobility, the North part of the Walled City has lost its attractiveness. Since then, it is in a process of decay and deterioration, and its functionally distinctive areas are severely threatened by physical, functional, locational and image obsolescence at varying degrees, as many other historic quarters elsewhere in the world.Considering the revitalization of the Walled G)ty in a longterm perspective, these differences should ge taken into account for successful decisions for its· sustainability. Samanbahce, a unique traditional residential area at the edge of the Kyrenia Avenue in the Walled City of Nicosia, is a unique place not only due to its distinctive physical, urban and architectural characteristics, but also as being the first mass-housing area on the Island developed in 1930's by the British. Although being located next to the most lively area of the Walled City, today, Samanbahce area is suffering from physical and social decay. The aim of this paper is to propose conservation and revitalization measures to address the deterioration and obsolescence process of Samanbahce area, based on a thorough study at both architectural and urban levels. The method of the analysis will include a field and a questionnaire survey, which will convey to an understanding of the environmental and socio-cultural qualities

Legal frameworks and housing environments in North Cyprus

This article aims to explore the effects of laws and regulations on the development of housing environments in North Cyprus, with the aim of opening up some discussions on their future design and planning. Accordingly, the article consists of seven main sections. In the first two, the main and the general concepts of the article are defined, the research field is explained and the problem is specified. In the third section, the issue of housing in North Cyprus, concentrating on its historical development, starting from the British period which is a breaking point on the Island, until 1980s, is presented. In the fourth section, the legal framework, i.e. laws and regulations related to housing is narrated and discussed and in the fifth one, the development of housing after 1980s up-to-date is evaluated mainly by referring the existing legal framework. In the sixth part, some discussion points based on the problems of housing in North Cyprus are set up and finally in the concluding part, some concluding remarks are presented. The methodology followed for the purpose of the research presented in this article is mainly documentary and observative.Publisher's Versio

Challenges of Promoting Sustainable Mobility on University Campuses: The Case of Eastern Mediterranean University

Universities have the extraordinary ability to generate awareness regarding all aspects of sustainability in communities. To be successful, they must first adopt and model sustainable concepts within their own campuses. Transportation is one of the most affective sectors on the level of sustainability on university campuses. In recent decades, numerous universities around the world have begun encouraging usage of active modes of transportation through various strategies. This research has a multi-faceted approach to researching proven strategies, sampling local conditions, and making context-driven recommendations. The literature review outlines the most effective strategies related to Transportation Demand Management (TDM) for promoting usage of active modes of transportation inside university campuses. After that, the condition of existing facilities and strategies as well as commuters’ propensities related to active modes of transportation in the Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) campus are evaluated using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The results include a set of recommendations and a framework for administrating, implementing, and enhancing a sustainable transportation system thereby increasing the commuter’s use of sustainable active modes of transportation to, from, and within the university campus

Typo-morphological assessment of Ludlow and Famagusta Old Town

In the field of urban morphology, different scholars have developed different approaches. The pioneering approaches are the procedural-typological approach of G. Caniggia and G.L. Maffei and the historico-evolutionary approach of M.R.G. Conzen, which are the focus of this paper. However, it is also worth mentioning J.W.R. Whitehand (1981), who integrated the analysis of changes to the built fabric with the study of the individuals and organizations involved in the various aspects of property development, users, planners, and architects. As well, Kropf (2009) named four distinct approaches – spatial analytical, configurational, process typological, and historico-geographical – for the purpose of determining more explicitly which aspects are included in the different approaches to urban morphology. Based on the theoretical approaches of the above-mentioned scholars, in the scope of this article, the architectural and planning dimensions of urban morphology will be discussed for Ludlow and Famagusta, which carry similar morphological characteristics on the planning level and different typological characteristics on the architectural level. Ludlow is a small market town in the south of Shropshire, England; it is a few miles east of the Welsh border. Famagusta, with its Old Town, is a small market town in the eastern part of Cyprus. This article explores urban morphology based on the two pioneering morphological approaches,  and then it sets up a typo-morphological basis for Ludlow and Famagusta through an integrated approach. The belief is that such an integrated approach will drive future interventions, design, and planning policies towards their conservation