Machine Learning Models Monitoring in MLOps Context: Metrics and Tools

In many machine learning projects, the lack of an effective monitoring system is a worrying issue. This leads to a series of challenges and risks that compromise the quality, reliability and sustainability of models deployed in production. As Machine Learning gains importance in various fields, poorly implemented monitoring represents a major obstacle to realizing its full potential. This article presents a comprehensive guide of machine learning models monitoring metrics and tool used in the MLOps context. The monitoring of metrics is important to evaluate and validate the performance of a machine-learning model, not only throughout the development phase but also during its deployment in the production environment. It enables real-time data to be collected on various metrics. The purpose of monitoring in MLOps context is to identify potential issues and adjustments made accordingly, guaranteeing consistent model quality and reliability. This article provides a comprehensive guide that introduces and explains a wide range of metrics used for continuous monitoring of ML systems at various stages of the MLOps lifecycle. Additionally, it presents a comparative analysis of available monitoring tools, enabling organizations to optimize their performance and ensure the seamless deployment of their machine learning applications. In essence, it underscores the critical importance of continuous monitoring and tailored metrics for ensuring the success and reliability of machine learning systems

A New \u3ci\u3eEimeria\u3c/i\u3e Species (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Infecting \u3ci\u3eOnychomys\u3c/i\u3e Species (Rodentia: Muridae) in New Mexico and Arizona

Fecal samples from 3 species of Onychomys (Rodentia: Muridae) captured in New Mexico and Arizona were examined for coccidia. Six of the 59 (10%) were infected with a new species of Eimeria. Sporulated oocysts (n = 105) of this new species are subspheroidal, 17.4 × 16.1 (14-21 × 13-19) μm, with ellipsoidal sporocysts 10.4 × 5.7 (9-12 × 5-8) μm. This species occurred in 3 of 24 (13%) Onychomys arenicola, 2 of 31 (6%) Onychomys leucogaster from New Mexico, and 1 of 4 (25%) Onychomys torridus from Arizona. Isolates recovered from O. leucogaster and O. torridus were inoculated into O. leucogaster (n = 5) and produced infections with a prepatent period of 7 days and a patent period of 7-23 days

A New \u3ci\u3eEimeria\u3c/i\u3e Species (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Infecting \u3ci\u3eOnychomys\u3c/i\u3e Species (Rodentia: Muridae) in New Mexico and Arizona

Fecal samples from 3 species of Onychomys (Rodentia: Muridae) captured in New Mexico and Arizona were examined for coccidia. Six of the 59 (10%) were infected with a new species of Eimeria. Sporulated oocysts (n = 105) of this new species are subspheroidal, 17.4 × 16.1 (14-21 × 13-19) μm, with ellipsoidal sporocysts 10.4 × 5.7 (9-12 × 5-8) μm. This species occurred in 3 of 24 (13%) Onychomys arenicola, 2 of 31 (6%) Onychomys leucogaster from New Mexico, and 1 of 4 (25%) Onychomys torridus from Arizona. Isolates recovered from O. leucogaster and O. torridus were inoculated into O. leucogaster (n = 5) and produced infections with a prepatent period of 7 days and a patent period of 7-23 days

Selective electrodeposition of indium microstructures on silicon and their conversion into InAs and InSb semiconductors

Abstract: The idea of benefitting from the properties of III-V semiconductors and silicon on the same substrate has been occupying the minds of scientists for several years. Although the principle of III-V integration on a silicon-based platform is simple, it is often challenging to perform due to demanding requirements for sample preparation rising from a mismatch in physical properties between those semiconductor groups (e.g. different lattice constants and thermal expansion coefficients), high cost of device-grade materials formation and their post-processing. In this paper, we demonstrate the deposition of group-III metal and III-V semiconductors in microfabricated template structures on silicon as a strategy for heterogeneous device integration on Si. The metal (indium) is selectively electrodeposited in a 2-electrode galvanostatic configuration with the working electrode (WE) located in each template, resulting in well-defined In structures of high purity. The semiconductors InAs and InSb are obtained by vapour phase diffusion of the corresponding group-V element (As, Sb) into the liquified In confined in the template. We discuss in detail the morphological and structural characterization of the synthesized In, InAs and InSb crystals as well as chemical analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM/STEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The proposed integration path combines the advantage of the mature top-down lithography technology to define device geometries and employs economic electrodeposition (ED) and vapour phase processes to directly integrate difficult-to-process materials on a silicon platform. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Ecto- and Endoparasites of the Texas Deermouse, Peromyscus attwateri and Eastern Woodrat, Neotoma floridana (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from Polk County, Arkansas

In Arkansas, the Texas deermouse (Peromyscus attwateri) occurs in the western part of the state where it is restricted to the uplands of the Interior Highlands. The eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana) is found statewide but is less common in the Gulf Coastal Plain. Very little is known about the parasites of either rodent in Arkansas, especially helminths from P. attwateri at any locality within its range. Found in/on P. attwateri were a coccidian (Eimeria langbarteli), a tapeworm (Catenotaenia peromysci), a nematode (Syphacia peromysci), 2 ticks (Dermacenter variabilis and Ixodes scapularis), and 2 mites (Androlaelaps fahrenholzi and Leptotrombidium peromysci). Eastern woodrats harbored 3 nematodes (Eucoelus sp., Longistriata neotoma, and Trichurus neotomae), a larval bot fly (Cuterebra americana), and a flea (Orchopeas pennsylvanicus). We document 6 new host and 5 new distributional records for these parasites

Eimeria lancasterensis (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), Three Nematodes (Heligmosomoidea: Boehmiellidae, Heligmonellidae), and a Flea (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) from the Eastern Fox Squirrel, Sciurus niger (Rodentia: Sciuridae) in Arkansas

In Arkansas, the eastern fox squirrel (Sciurus niger) is a common inhabitant of the state. Although information is available on ectoparasites of this host in Arkansas, little is known about the endoparasites of this squirrel. A single specimen from Montgomery County was examined and found to harbor the following: a coccidian (Eimeria lancasterensis), three nematodes, Boehmiella wilsoni, Citellinema bifurcatum, and Sciurodendrium hassalli, and a flea, Orchopeas howardi. We document these nematodes from an Arkansas S. niger for the first time, and add mensural and molecular information on E. lancasterensis from this host

Electrochemically deposited nanocrystalline InSb thin films and their electrical properties

We present an electrochemical route to prepare nanocrystalline InSb thin films that can be transferred to an industrial scale. The morphology, composition, and crystallinity of the prepared uniform and compact thin films with a surface area of around 1 cm2 were investigated. The essential electrical characteristics such as conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, the type, concentration and mobility of charge carriers have been examined and compared with InSb nanowires obtained in the same system for electrochemical deposition (fixed pulse sequence, temperature, electrolyte composition, and system geometry). Moreover, obtained thin films show much higher band gap energy (0.53 eV) compared to the bulk material (0.17 eV) and InSb nanowires (0.195 eV)

Parasites (Trematoda, Nematoda, Phthiraptera) of Two Arkansas Raptors (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae; Strigiformes: Strigidae)

Very little is known about the helminth parasites of hawks and owls of Arkansas. We had the opportunity to salvage 2 road-killed raptors, a red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) and a great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) from the state and examine them for ecto- and endoparasites. Found were chewing lice (Degeeriella fulva) and a nematode (Porrocaecum angusticolle) on/in B. lineatus, and 3 digenean trematodes (Echinoparyphium sp., Strigea elegans, Neodiplostomum americanum), and nematode eggs (Capillaria sp.) in B. virginianus. We document 6 new distributional records for these parasites