Configuration mixing calculation for complete low-lying spectra with the mean-field Hamiltonian

We propose a new theoretical approach to ground and low-energy excited states of nuclei extending the nuclear mean-field theory. It consists of three steps: stochastic preparation of many Slater determinants, the parity and angular momentum projection, and diagonalization of the generalized eigenvalue problems. The Slater determinants are constructed in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate representation capable of describing arbitrary shape of nuclei. We examine feasibility and usefulness of the method by applying the method with the BKN interaction to light 4N-nuclei, 12C, 16O, and 20Ne. We discuss difficulties of keeping linear independence for basis states projected on good parity and angular momentum and present a possible prescription.Comment: 12 pages, revtex

Abnormal direction of internal auditory canal and vestibulocochlear nerve

Several internal auditory canal (IAC) anomalies have been reported.To our knowledge, only one case with anabnormal direction of the IAC has been reported in an infant with Pierre Robin syndrome. In this paper, wepresent the first report of two non-syndromic cases with abnormal IAC direction.</p

Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Induced by Oxidative Stress.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM can lead to multiple cardiovascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure (HF). HF represents one of the most common causes of death in patients with DM and results from DM-induced CAD and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Oxidative stress is closely associated with the pathogenesis of DM and results from overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS overproduction is associated with hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders, such as impaired antioxidant function in conjunction with impaired antioxidant activity. Long-term exposure to oxidative stress in DM induces chronic inflammation and fibrosis in a range of tissues, leading to formation and progression of disease states in these tissues. Indeed, markers for oxidative stress are overexpressed in patients with DM, suggesting that increased ROS may be primarily responsible for the development of diabetic complications. Therefore, an understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms mediated by oxidative stress is crucial to the prevention and treatment of diabetes-induced CVD. The current review focuses on the relationship between diabetes-induced CVD and oxidative stress, while highlighting the latest insights into this relationship from findings on diabetic heart and vascular disease

Nonlinear Elasticity of Single Collapsed Polyelectrolytes

Nonlinear elastic responses of short and stiff polyelectrolytes are investigated by dynamic simulations on a single molecule level. When a polyelectrolyte condensate undergoes a mechanical unfolding, two types of force-extension curves, i.e., a force plateau and a stick-release pattern, are observed depending on the strength of the electrostatic interaction. We provide a physical interpretation of such force-extension behavior in terms of intramolecular structures of the condensates. We also describe a charge distribution of condensed counterions onto a highly stretched polyelectrolyte, which clarifies a formation of one-dimensional strongly correlated liquid at large Coulomb coupling regime where a stick-release pattern is observed. These findings may provide significant insights into the relationship between a molecular elasticity and a molecular mechanism of like-charge attractions observed in a wide range of charged biopolymer systems.Comment: 5pages, 5figure

Sheet Dependence on Superconducting Gap in Oxygen-Deficient Iron-based Oxypnictide Superconductors NdFeAs0.85

Photoemission spectroscopy with low-energy tunable photons on oxygen-deficient iron-based oxypnictide superconductors NdFeAsO0.85 (Tc=52K) reveals a distinct photon-energy dependence of the electronic structure near the Fermi level (EF). A clear shift of the leading-edge can be observed in the superconducting states with 9.5 eV photons, while a clear Fermi cutoff with little leading-edge shift can be observed with 6.0 eV photons. The results are indicative of the superconducting gap opening not on the hole-like ones around Gamma (0,0) point but on the electron-like sheets around M(pi,pi) point.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure

High pressure evolution of Fe2_{2}O3_{3} electronic structure revealed by X-ray absorption

We report the first high pressure measurement of the Fe K-edge in hematite (Fe$_2$O$_3$) by X-ray absorption spectroscopy in partial fluorescence yield geometry. The pressure-induced evolution of the electronic structure as Fe$_2$O$_3$ transforms from a high-spin insulator to a low-spin metal is reflected in the x-ray absorption pre-edge. The crystal field splitting energy was found to increase monotonically with pressure up to 48 GPa, above which a series of phase transitions occur. Atomic multiplet, cluster diagonalization, and density-functional calculations were performed to simulate the pre-edge absorption spectra, showing good qualitative agreement with the measurements. The mechanism for the pressure-induced phase transitions of Fe$_2$O$_3$ is discussed and it is shown that ligand hybridization significantly reduces the critical high-spin/low-spin pressure.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures and 1 tabl

Observation of a Highly Spin Polarized Topological Surface State in GeBi2_{2}Te4_{4}

Spin polarization of a topological surface state for GeBi$_2$Te$_4$, the newly discovered three-dimensional topological insulator, has been studied by means of the state of the art spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. It has been revealed that the disorder in the crystal has a minor effect on the surface state spin polarization and it exceeds 75% near the Dirac point in the bulk energy gap region ($\sim$180 meV). This new finding for GeBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ promises not only to realize a highly spin polarized surface isolated transport but to add new functionality to its thermoelectric and thermomagnetic properties.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Stability of Bose-Einstein Condensates Confined in Traps

Bose-Einstein condensation has been realized in dilute atomic vapors. This achievement has generated immerse interest in this field. Presented is a review of recent theoretical research into the properties of trapped dilute-gas Bose-Einstein condensates. Among them, stability of Bose-Einstein condensates confined in traps is mainly discussed. Static properties of the ground state are investigated by use of the variational method. The anlysis is extended to the stability of two-component condensates. Time-development of the condensate is well-described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation which is known in nonlinear physics as the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. For the case that the inter-atomic potential is effectively attractive, a singularity of the solution emerges in a finite time. This phenomenon which we call collapse explains the upper bound for the number of atoms in such condensates under traps.Comment: 74 pages with 12 figures, submitted to the review section of International Journal of Modern Physics