Thrust Measurement of a Multicycle Partially Filled Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine

In the present research, we experimentally verified the partial-fill effect in a multicycle pulse detonation rocketengine. The intermittent thrust of a pulse detonation rocket engine was measured by using a spring-dampermechanism that smoothed this intermittent thrust in the time direction. The intermittent mass flow rates wereassessed by gas cylinder pressure or mass difference measurement. The maximum specific impulse was 305 9 s atan ethylene and oxygen propellant fill fraction of 0:130 0:004. When the fill fraction was greater than 0.130, thespecific impulse was increased as the partial-fill fraction was decreased. When the fill fraction was less than 0.130, thespecific impulse was sharply decreased as the partial-fill fraction was decreased. This decrease was due to diffusionbetween propellant and purge gases and the short length of the transition from deflagration to detonation. Themulticycle pulse detonation rocket engine had a partial-fill effect that may have been mainly due to the suctioned airand was consistent with the single-cycle partial-fill model of Endo et al

Quantitative Evaluation of Pain during Electrocutaneous Stimulation using a Log-Linearized Peripheral Arterial Viscoelastic Model

In clinical practice, subjective pain evaluations, e.g., the visual analogue scale and the numeric rating scale, are generally employed, but these are limited in terms of their ability to detect inaccurate reports, and are unsuitable for use in anesthetized patients or those with dementia. We focused on the peripheral sympathetic nerve activity that responds to pain, and propose a method for evaluating pain sensation, including intensity, sharpness, and dullness, using the arterial stiffness index. In the experiment, electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and photoplethysmograms were obtained, and an arterial viscoelastic model was applied to estimate arterial stiffness. The relationships among the stiffness index, self-reported pain sensation, and electrocutaneous stimuli were examined and modelled. The relationship between the stiffness index and pain sensation could be modelled using a sigmoid function with high determination coefficients, where R2 ≥ 0.88, p < 0.01 for intensity, R2 ≥ 0.89, p < 0.01 for sharpness, and R2 ≥ 0.84, p < 0.01 for dullness when the stimuli could appropriately evoke dull pain.This work was supported by the Center of Innovation Program from Japan Science and Technology Agency.Supplementary information accompanies this paper at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21223-1

Neurogenic Tumor of The Chest Wall: A

A rare case of schwannoma of the chest wall is presented. A 65-year-old Japanese man had a painful mass, measuring 3×3cm, in the 10th intercostal space of the right back. A fine needle biopsy seemed to fail to prove a nature of the tumor. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest showed a well-demarcated low density mass with no invasion to the ribs, lung and pleura with the CT density being 30 Hounsfield unit. These findings were suggestive of a neurogenic tumor. The tumor was easily extirpated and a histological diagnosis was schwannoma

Clinicopathological Study of Anal Canal Cancer

On the basis of a result of clinical experience with the treatment for patients with anal canal cancer, a clinicopathological study of anal canal cancer was performed in comparison with that of colon cancer. Anal canal cancer has a complex histologic types and a tendency toward deep invasion outside the adventitia when compared with colon cancer. Therefore, nodal involvement was in proportion to the depth of cancer infiltration. As a result, the survival time had become worst in patients with Dukes C of anal canal cancer. The anal canal has been defined that as a canal from the level of the attachment of puborectal muscle to the anal verge. It is mainly covered with smooth striated squamous epithelia except for the upper portion which is covered with specialized columnar epithelia, lasting to the rectal epithelium. The structure of the anal canal is complex with the composition of ecto-and endodermal tissues. Anal canal cancer is particular in gross appearance, histologic types and the modes of cancer extension in comparison with rectal cancer. This study defined the clinicopathological specificity of anal canal cancer on the basis of our clinical experience

Estimation of Arterial Viscosity Based on an Oscillometric Method and Its Application in Evaluating the Vascular Endothelial Function

This paper proposes an algorithm for estimating the arterial viscosity using cuff pressures and pulse waves measured by an automatic oscillometric sphygmomanometer. A change in the arterial viscosity during the enclosed-zone flow-mediated dilation test is calculated as an index for evaluating the vascular endothelial function %η. In all, 43 individuals participated in this study. After the index %η was calculated, the accuracy of the index %η in distinguishing healthy subjects and subjects at a high risk of arteriosclerosis was tested via a receiving operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The calculated %η for the healthy participants and those at a high risk of arteriosclerosis was 13.4 ± 55.1% and −32.7 ± 34.0% (mean ± S.D.), respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.77. Thus, it was concluded that the proposed method can be used to evaluate the vascular endothelial function.This research was partly supported by the Transportation Technology Development Promotion Competitive Funding Program from Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, and the Center of Innovation Program from Japan Science and Technology Agency