1,745 research outputs found
Associate Higgs and Gauge Boson Production at Hadron Colliders in a Model with Vector Resonances
Motivated by new models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking that
predict a light composite higgs boson, we build an effective lagrangian which
describes the Standard Model (with a light Higgs) and vector resonances. We
compute the cross section for the associate production of a higgs and a gauge
boson. For some values of model parameters we find that the cross section is
significantly enhanced with respect to the Standard Model. This enhancement is
similar at the LHC and the Tevatron for the same range of resonance mass
Monte Carlo simulations of high-performance implant free In<sub>0.3</sub>Ga<sub>0.7</sub> nano-MOSFETs for low-power CMOS applications
No abstract available
Study of Neutron-Induced Ionization in Helium and Argon Chamber Gases
Ion chambers used to monitor the secondary hadron and tertiary muon beam in
the NuMI neutrino beamline will be exposed to background particles, including
low energy neutrons produced in the beam dump. To understand these backgrounds,
we have studied Helium- and Argon-filled ionization chambers exposed to intense
neutron fluxes from PuBe neutron sources ( MeV). The sources emit
about 10 neutrons per second. The number of ion pairs in the chamber gas
volume per incident neutron is derived. While limited in precision because of a
large gamma ray background from the PuBe sources, our results are consistent
with the expectation that the neutrons interact purely elastically in the
chamber gas.Comment: accepted for publication in NIM
Statistical Mechanics in the Extended Gaussian Ensemble
The extended gaussian ensemble (EGE) is introduced as a generalization of the
canonical ensemble. The new ensemble is a further extension of the Gaussian
ensemble introduced by J. H. Hetherington [J. Low Temp. Phys. {\bf 66}, 145
(1987)]. The statistical mechanical formalism is derived both from the analysis
of the system attached to a finite reservoir and from the Maximum Statistical
Entropy Principle. The probability of each microstate depends on two parameters
and which allow to fix, independently, the mean energy of the
system and the energy fluctuations respectively. We establish the Legendre
transform structure for the generalized thermodynamic potential and propose a
stability criterion. We also compare the EGE probability distribution with the
-exponential distribution. As an example, an application to a system with
few independent spins is presented.Comment: Revtex 4, 8 pages, 8 figure
Electromagnetic Dissociation of Nuclei in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Large discrepancies have been observed between measured Electromagnetic
Dissociation(ED) cross sections and the predictions of the semiclassical
Weiz\"acker-Williams-Fermi(WWF) method. In this paper, the validity of the
semiclassical approximation is examined. The total cross section for
electromagnetic excitation of a nuclear target by a spinless projectile is
calculated in first Born approximation, neglecting recoil. The final result is
expressed in terms of correlation functions and convoluted densities in
configuration space. The result agrees with the WWF approximation to leading
order(unretarded electric dipole approximation), but the method allows an
analytic evaluation of the cutoff, which is determined by the details of the
electric dipole transition charge density. Using the Goldhaber-Teller model of
that density, and uniform charge densities for both projectile and target, the
cutoff is determined for the total cross section in the nonrelativistic limit,
and found to be smaller than values currently used for ED calculations. In
addition, cross sections are calculated using a phenomenological momentum space
cutoff designed to model final state interactions. For moderate projectile
energies, the calculated ED cross section is found to be smaller than the
semiclassical result, in qualitative agreement with experiment.Comment: 28 page
Chronological Inversion Method for the Dirac Matrix in Hybrid Monte Carlo
In Hybrid Monte Carlo simulations for full QCD, the gauge fields evolve
smoothly as a function of Molecular Dynamics time. Here we investigate improved
methods of estimating the trial or starting solutions for the Dirac matrix
inversion as superpositions of a chronological sequence of solutions in the
recent past. By taking as the trial solution the vector which minimizes the
residual in the linear space spanned by the past solutions, the number of
conjugate gradient iterations per unit MD time is decreased by at least a
factor of 2. Extensions of this basic approach to precondition the conjugate
gradient iterations are also discussed.Comment: 35 pages, 18 EPS figures A new "preconditioning" method, derived from
the Chronological Inversion, is described. Some new figures are appended.
Some reorganization of the material has taken plac
An Apparatus to Control and Monitor the Para-D2 Concentration in a Solid Deuterium, Superthermal Source of Ultra-cold Neutrons
Controlling and measuring the concentration of para-D2 is an essential step
toward realizing solid deuterium as an intense ultra-cold neutron (UCN) source.
To this end, we implemented an experimental technique to convert para- to
ortho-deuterium molecules by flowing D2 gas through a cryogenic cell filled
with paramagnetic hydrous ferric oxide granules. This process efficiently
reduced the para-D2 concentration from 33.3% to 1.5%. Rotational Raman
spectroscopy was applied to measure the residual para-D2 contamination to
better than 2 parts in 10^3, and the hydrogen contamination to 1 part in 10^3.
We also contrast our optical technique to conventional thermal conductivity
measurements of the para-D2 concentration, reporting some of the relevant
strengths and weaknesses of our implementation of each technique.Comment: accepted for publication in NIM
Systematic investigation of imprinted gene expression and 1 enrichment in the mouse brain explored at single-cell resolution
BACKGROUND: Although a number of imprinted genes are known to be highly expressed in the brain, and in certain brain regions in particular, whether they are truly over-represented in the brain has never been formally tested. Using thirteen single-cell RNA sequencing datasets we systematically investigated imprinted gene over-representation at the organ, brain region, and cell-specific levels. RESULTS: We established that imprinted genes are indeed over-represented in the adult brain, and in neurons particularly compared to other brain cell-types. We then examined brain-wide datasets to test enrichment within distinct brain regions and neuron subpopulations and demonstrated over-representation of imprinted genes in the hypothalamus, ventral midbrain, pons and medulla. Finally, using datasets focusing on these regions of enrichment, we identified hypothalamic neuroendocrine populations and the monoaminergic hindbrain neurons as specific hotspots of imprinted gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: These analyses provide the first robust assessment of the neural systems on which imprinted genes converge. Moreover, the unbiased approach, with each analysis informed by the findings of the previous level, permits highly informed inferences about the functions on which imprinted gene expression converges. Our findings indicate the neuronal regulation of motivated behaviours such as feeding and sleep, alongside the regulation of pituitary function, as functional hotspots for imprinting. This adds statistical rigour to prior assumptions and provides testable predictions for novel neural and behavioural phenotypes associated with specific genes and imprinted gene networks. In turn, this work sheds further light on the potential evolutionary drivers of genomic imprinting in the brain. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08986-8
FORTE satellite constraints on ultra-high energy cosmic particle fluxes
The FORTE (Fast On-orbit Recording of Transient Events) satellite records
bursts of electromagnetic waves arising from near the Earth's surface in the
radio frequency (RF) range of 30 to 300 MHz with a dual polarization antenna.
We investigate the possible RF signature of ultra-high energy cosmic-ray
particles in the form of coherent Cherenkov radiation from cascades in ice. We
calculate the sensitivity of the FORTE satellite to ultra-high energy (UHE)
neutrino fluxes at different energies beyond the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK)
cutoff. Some constraints on supersymmetry model parameters are also estimated
due to the limits that FORTE sets on the UHE neutralino flux. The FORTE
database consists of over 4 million recorded events to date, including in
principle some events associated with UHE neutrinos. We search for candidate
FORTE events in the period from September 1997 to December 1999. The candidate
production mechanism is via coherent VHF radiation from a UHE neutrino shower
in the Greenland ice sheet. We demonstrate a high efficiency for selection
against lightning and anthropogenic backgrounds. A single candidate out of
several thousand raw triggers survives all cuts, and we set limits on the
corresponding particle fluxes assuming this event represents our background
level.Comment: added a table, updated references and Figure 8, this version is
submitted to Phys. Rev.
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