Rates of Solution of Limestone Using the Chelating Properties of Versene (EDTA) Compounds

Versene (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) solutions with five different alkali metals or radicals substituted on the basic reagent were compounded for a study in which a range of concentration, temperature, and pH value were variables used in a series of solution rate tests on limestone blocks. These solution rates compared favorably with those of weak acids. Qualitative spectrographic analyses were used to ascertain the metals chelated by the versenate solutions

Rates of Solution of Limestone Using the Chelating Properties of Versene (EDTA) Compounds

Versene (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) solutions with five different alkali metals or radicals substituted on the basic reagent were compounded for a study in which a range of concentration, temperature, and pH value were variables used in a series of solution rate tests on limestone blocks. These solution rates compared favorably with those of weak acids. Qualitative spectrographic analyses were used to ascertain the metals chelated by the versenate solutions

Identification of Defined Sequences in Domain V of E.coli 23S rRNA in the 50S Subunit Accessible for Hybridization with Complementary Oligodeoxyribonucleotides

The accessibility of specific sequences in domain V of E. coli 23s rRNA in the 50S subunit to complementary oligodeoxyribonucleotides (cDNA) has been investigated. The apparent percentage of subunits engaged in complex formation was determined by incubation of radiolabeled cDNA probe with 50S subunits, followed by nitrocellulose membrane filtration of the reaction mixtures and measurement of the bound radiolabeled cDNA probes by liquid scintillation counting of the filters. The site(s) of hybridization were determined by digestion of the RNA in the RNA/DNA heteroduplex by RNase H. The results of this study indicated that single-stranded sequences, 2058-2062, 2448-2454, 2467-2483, and 2497-2505 were available for hybridization to cDNA probes. Bases 2489-2496, which have been postulated to be base paired with 2455-2461 were also accessible for hybridization

Solubility of Twenty Minerals in Selected Versene (EDTA) Solutions

Solubility experiments were conducted on twenty carbonate and non-carbonate minerals using selected Versene solutions and acids. Two sets of experiments were run simultaneously. The first set contained only the mineral fragment and Versene solution; the second set contained another fragment of the same mineral and a block of limestone. For comparison, experiments were carried out with 10- and 25-percent solutions of hydrochloric and acetic acids. The results of the solubility tests using Versene were found to be similar to the mineral solution results obtained with 10-percent acetic acid. Five of the twenty minerals, gypsum, anhydrite, calcite, aragonite, and witherite, were consistently affected by the Versene solutions. However, in the presence of a reacting block of limestone the rates of solution of these five minerals were altered. The gypsum was dissolved more rapidly in the presence of a limestone block and the other four minerals were dissolved more slowly. Techniques using Versene solution show little advantage over acetic acid techniques in the extraction from limestones of the twenty accessory minerals which were used in these experiments. However, a better recovery of carbonate minerals other than calcite and aragonite can be expected with Versene residue methods

Solubility of Twenty Minerals in Selected Versene (EDTA) Solutions

Solubility experiments were conducted on twenty carbonate and non-carbonate minerals using selected Versene solutions and acids. Two sets of experiments were run simultaneously. The first set contained only the mineral fragment and Versene solution; the second set contained another fragment of the same mineral and a block of limestone. For comparison, experiments were carried out with 10- and 25-percent solutions of hydrochloric and acetic acids. The results of the solubility tests using Versene were found to be similar to the mineral solution results obtained with 10-percent acetic acid. Five of the twenty minerals, gypsum, anhydrite, calcite, aragonite, and witherite, were consistently affected by the Versene solutions. However, in the presence of a reacting block of limestone the rates of solution of these five minerals were altered. The gypsum was dissolved more rapidly in the presence of a limestone block and the other four minerals were dissolved more slowly. Techniques using Versene solution show little advantage over acetic acid techniques in the extraction from limestones of the twenty accessory minerals which were used in these experiments. However, a better recovery of carbonate minerals other than calcite and aragonite can be expected with Versene residue methods

Effects of Topdressing Anhydrous Ammonia on Winter Wheat and Bermuda Grass Sod

Agronom

Applying neurobiology to the treatment of adults with anorexia nervosa

BackgroundAnorexia nervosa is a severe, biologically based brain disorder with significant medical complications. It is critical that new, effective treatments are developed to interrupt the persistent course of the illness due to the medical and psychological sequelae. Several psychosocial, behavioral and pharmacologic interventions have been investigated in adult anorexia nervosa; however, evidence shows that their impact is weak and treatment effects are generally small.MethodThis paper describes a new neurobiological anorexia nervosa model that shifts focus from solely external influences, such as social and family, to include internal influences that integrate genetic and neurobiological contributions, across the age span. The model serves as a theoretical structure for a new, five-day treatment, outlined in this paper, targeting anorexia nervosa temperament, which integrates neurobiological dimensions into evidence-based treatment interventions. The treatment is in two phases. Phase I is a five day, 40 hour treatment for anorexia nervosa adults. Phase II is the follow-up and is currently being developed.ResultsPreliminary qualitative acceptability data on 37 adults with anorexia nervosa and 60 supports (e.g., spouses, parents, aunts, friends, partners, children of anorexia nervosa adults) are promising from Phase I. Clients with anorexia nervosa and their supports report that learning neurobiological facts improved their understanding of the illness and helped equip them with better tools to manage anorexia nervosa traits and symptoms. In addition, nutritional knowledge changed significantly.ConclusionsThis is the first neurobiologically based, five-day treatment for adults with anorexia nervosa and their supports. It is a new model that outlines underlying genetic and neurobiological contributions to anorexia nervosa that serves as a foundation to treat both traits and symptoms. Preliminary qualitative findings are promising, with both clients and supports reporting that the neurobiological treatment approach helped them better understand the illness, while better conceptualizing how to respond to their traits and manage their symptoms. Data in Phase I shows promise as a neurobiologically based intervention for anorexia nervosa, and it serves as a foundation for the development of Phase II. Evidence of ongoing program efficacy will be described as data are reported on Phase II.Trial registrationNCT NCT02852538 Registered 1 August 2016

Effect of channel size on sweet potato storage root enlargement in the Tuskegee University hydroponic nutrient film system

The potential of the sweet potato as a food source for future long term manned space missions is being evaluated for NASA's Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS) program. Sweet potatoes have been successfully grown in a specially designed Tuskegee University nutrient film technique (TU NFT) system. This hydroponic system yielded storage roots as high as 1790 g/plant fresh weight. In order to determine the effect of channel size on the yield of sweet potatoes, the width and depth of the growing channels were varied in two separate experiments. Widths were studied using the rectangular TU NFT channels with widths of 15 cm (6 in), 30 cm (12 in) and 45 cm (18 in). Channel depths of 5 cm (2 in), 10 cm (4 in), and 15 cm (6 in) were studied using a standard NASA fan shaped Biomass Production Chamber (BPC) channel. A comparison of preliminary results indicated that, except for storage root number, the growth and yield of sweet potatoes were not affected by channel width. Storage root yield was affected by channel depth although storage root number and foliage growth were not. Both experiments are being repeated

Effect of biweekly shoot tip harvests on the growth and yield of Georgia Jet sweet potato grown hydroponically

Sweet potato shoot tips have been shown to be a nutritious green vegetable. A study was conducted to determine the effect of biweekly shoot tip harvests on the growth and yield of Georgia Jet sweet potato grown in the greenhouse using the nutrient film technique (NFT). The nutrient solution consisted of a modified half Hoagland solution. Biweekly shoot tip harvests, beginning 42 days after planting, provided substantial amounts of vegetable greens and did not affect the fresh and dry foliage weights or the storage root number and fresh and dry storage root weights at final harvest. The rates of anion and cation uptake were not affected by tip harvests