Large probe arrays for measuring mean and time dependent local oil volume fraction and local oil velocity component distributions in inclined oil-in-water flows

Arrays of dual-sensor and four-sensor needle conductance probes have been used to measure the mean and time dependent local properties of upward inclined, bubbly oil-in-water flows (also known as dispersed oil-in-water flows) in a 153mm diameter pipe. The flow properties that were measured were (i) the local in-situ oil volume fraction ; (ii) the local oil velocity in the axial direction of the pipe (the direction); and (iii) the local oil velocity in the direction from the lower side of the inclined pipe to its upper side (the direction). Oil velocities in the direction (orthogonal to the and directions) were found to be negligible. For all of the flow conditions investigated it was found that the mean value of varied from a maximum value at the upper side of the inclined pipe to a minimum value at the lower side, and that the rate of decrease of this mean value of with distance in the direction became greater as the pipe inclination angle from the vertical was increased. It was also found that the mean value of was greatest at the upper side of the inclined pipe and decreased towards the lower side of the inclined pipe, the rate of decrease with distance in the direction again becoming greater as was increased. For , a water volumetric flow rate , an oil volumetric flow rate and using a sampling period over a total time interval of , it was found that at the upper side of the inclined pipe the standard deviation in was 31.6% of the mean value of . Furthermore for , , and it was found that the standard deviation in the cross-pipe oil velocity component was approximately equal to the standard deviation in the axial velocity component . These large temporal variations in the local flow properties have been attributed to the presence of large scale Kelvin-Helmholtz waves which intermittently appear in the flow. It is believed that the techniques outlined in this paper for measuring the standard deviation of local flow properties as a function of the sampling period will be of considerable value in validating mathematical models of time dependent oil-water flows. It should be noted that the principal focus of this paper is on the measurement techniques that were used and the methods of data analysis rather than the presentation of exhaustive experimental results at numerous different flow conditions

Thermal Conductivity Measuring System (TCoMS)

The Mechanical Engineering Technology department at Central Washington University is lacking a method to reliably measure the thermal conductivity of bulk materials, with dimensions of at least a 1 cm radius, within a teaching environment. Thermal Conductivity Measuring System (TCoMS) will be a useful tool to perform these measurements as it is able to obtain measurement readings for materials between 0 C and 50 C within 20 seconds. TCoMS will accomplish this by using the pulse decay method of measuring thermal conductivity, a form of transient heat transfer analysis. This method is performed by generating a pulse of heat at the measurement location and measuring the temperature change with respect to time which can then be used to determine a material’s thermal conductivity. To accomplish these tasks TCoMS runs on an Arduino Due, a programmable circuit board used for controlling, timing, and measuring the temperature and the heat pulses through the thermistor. A voltage divider in the form of a Wheatstone bridge is used to allow for the high accuracy needed in voltage measurements across the thermistor. These voltage measurements are then used to calculate the electrical resistance of the thermistor. To determine the temperature of the thermistor, using the coefficients provided by the thermistor’s manufacturer, the Steinhart-Hart equation is used to determine the thermistor’s temperature. These measurements are designed to be accurate to within 5% of a material’s actual thermal conductivity value. This was tested on materials such as water and potatoes

Predictors of Missed Hepatitis C Intake Appointments and Failure to Establish Hepatitis C Care Among Patients Living With HIV.

BackgroundWe estimated and characterized the proportion of patients living with HIV (PLWH) who missed hepatitis C (HCV) intake appointments and subsequently failed to establish HCV care.MethodsLogistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with missed HCV intake appointments and failure to establish HCV care among PLWH referred for HCV treatment between January 2014 and December 2017. In addition to demographics, variables included HIV treatment characteristics, type of insurance, liver health status, active alcohol or illicit drug use, unstable housing, and history of a mental health disorder (MHD).ResultsDuring the study period, 349 new HCV clinic appointments were scheduled for 202 unduplicated patients. Approximately half were nonwhite, and 80% had an undetectable HIV viral load. Drug use (31.7%), heavy alcohol use (32.8%), and MHD (37.8%) were prevalent. Over the 4-year period, 21.9% of PLWH referred for HCV treatment missed their HCV intake appointment. The proportion increased each year, from 17.2% in 2014 to 25.4% in 2017 (P = .021). Sixty-six of the 202 newly referred HCV patients (32.7%) missed their first HCV appointment, and 28 of these (42.4%) failed to establish HCV care. Having a history of MHD, CD4 <200, ongoing drug use, and being nonwhite were independent predictors of missing an intake HCV appointment. The strongest predictor of failure to establish HCV care was having a detectable HIV viral load.ConclusionsThe proportion of PLWH with missed HCV appointments increased over time. HCV elimination among PLWH may require integrated treatment of MHD and substance use

Simultaneous Kummer congruences and E∞\mathbb{E}_\infty-orientations of KO and tmf

Building on results of M. Ando, M.J. Hopkins and C. Rezk, we show the existence of uncountably many $\mathbb{E}_\infty$-String orientations of real K-theory KO and of topological modular forms tmf, generalizing the $\hat{A}$- (resp. the Witten) genus. Furthermore, the obstruction to lifting an $\mathbb{E}_\infty$-String orientations from KO to tmf is identified with a classical Iwasawa-theoretic condition. The common key to all these results is a precise understanding of the classical Kummer congruences, imposed for all primes simultaneously. This result is of independent arithmetic interest.Comment: final versio

Multi-Sector Collaboration for Capacity Building in Developing Countries: A Context for Theorizing Transformative Learning at a Systems Level

Multi-sector collaboration (MSC) offers a means to transform agricultural education and training (AET) capacity in developing countries. Drawing upon transformative learning theory and adult education concepts, this paper describes a theoretical lens to understand and advance adult learning through MSC to produce a more coordinated and sustainable workforce

Investigating the impact of feedback styles on managerial perceptions of feedback quality

Purpose – The objective of this study is to examine the extent to which the mum effect and feedback environment affected managerial perceptions of the feedback quality they provide. In addition, the moderating role of leader self-efficacy and work overload on these relationships is examined. Design/methodology/approach – Cross-sectional data was collected through self-report measures from 130 managers employed by a large medical organisation in New Zealand. Moderated multiple regression was used to test each of the outlined hypotheses. Findings – The results of this study revealed a significant negative relationship between the mum effect and feedback quality. Additionally, a significant positive relationship was found between the feedback environment and feedback quality. Implications – This is one of the few empirical studies to test discrete feedback style variables on leader perceptions of feedback quality, and the role of leader and contextual factors in these relationships. The findings suggest organisations would benefit from offering feedback training to their managers so that their tendencies to mum are mitigated or their ability to create a safe feedback environment is enhanced. Limitations - The cross-sectional design does not allow for causality to be inferred between the predictor variables and feedback quality. Originality/value – This study addresses a gap in the literature by quantitatively examining managerial perceptions of feedback quality and styles

Attitudes towards Black American Sign Language

This paper explores how language attitudes and ideologies impact perceptions of language varieties in the American Deaf community, with a particular focus on Black ASL, the variety of ASL developed by African Americans in the South during the era of segregation. Results of multivariate analysis show that on a number of dimensions, Black ASL, particularly as used by signers who attended school before integration, is closer to the standard variety taught in ASL classes and used in ASL dictionaries. Nevertheless, despite evidence that their variety is closer to the standard taught in ASL classes, many of the older signers interviewed felt that white signing was superior. Attitudes among the younger signers were more mixed. While a few younger signers said that white signing was better than Black signing, others said that Black signing was more powerful in expression and movement and it had rhythm and style while white signing was more monotonic and lacked emotion. This paper explores the complex mix of attitudes expressed by study participants in the six Southern states in relation to the historical development of this distinctive variety of ASL

Effect of low versus high balance training complexity on balance performance in male adolescents

Objective: The current study aimed to determine the effects of low (i.e., balance task only) versus high (i.e., balance task combined with an additional motor task like dribbling a basketball) balance training complexity (6 weeks of training consisting of 2 × 30 min balance exercises per week) on measures of static and dynamic balance in 44 healthy male adolescents (mean age: 13.3 ± 1.6 years). Results: Irrespective of balance training complexity, significant medium- to large-sized pretest to posttest improvements were detected for static (i.e., One-Legged Stance test, stance time [s], 0.001 < p ≤ 0.008) and dynamic (i.e., 3-m Beam Walking Backward test, steps [n], 0.001 < p ≤ 0.002; Y-Balance-Test-Lower-Quarter, reach distance [cm], 0.001 < p ≤ 0.003) balance performance. Further, in all but one comparison (i.e., stance time with eyes opened on foam ground) no group × test interactions were found. These results imply that balance training is effective to improve static and dynamic measures of balance in healthy male adolescents, but the effectiveness seems unaffected by the applied level of balance training complexity

Optimization of Storage-Referencing Gestures

We describe techniques for identifying and optimizing memory-accessing instruction sequences. We capture a sequence of such instructions, with the goal of sending the sequence as a single instruction from the CPU to a smart memory subsystem (IRAM or PIM). With a software/hardware codesign, the memory-accessing gestures can be rewritten as succinct superoperator instructions, and the gestures themselves could vary at runtime. As a result, the CPU executes fewer instructions and the CPU-memory bus is charged less often, resulting in lower power consumption. Reduction in power can be crucial for constrained, embedded systems. We discover gestures using a static and a dynamic approach, and we present data showing the presence of such gestures in real benchmarks (Java and C). We have shown the gesture-minimization problem to be NP-Complete, so we offer in this paper a heuristic approach the effectiveness of which we evaluate with experiments