National Air Traffic Services

National Air Traffic Services (NATS) are concerned with ensuring low probabilities of errors in determining aircraft positions. In general, error probabilities depend on the tails of some probability distributions for which there has been no theoretical model. Analysis of radar performance is regularly undertaken by NATS to ensure radar performance is within safety limits, with the maximum range being dependent on the declared separation between aircraft. NATS brought two questions to the Study Group, involving the horizontal (azimuthal) errors in radar data and the vertical errors in altimetry system data. In both cases, NATS asked the Study Group to analyse the data and assess whether the probability distributions that are currently used are good models for the errors

"Social Selves"

In speaking of work from his photo book "American Surfaces," Stephen Shore says "...all of it was looking at the culure, the build culture." The surface of things at times expands beyong two dimensional flateness and visual aesthetic to agents involved in creating and consuming such surfaces. This expansion of two dimensional flateness to three dimensional dynamics is especially evident in cities alive with varying degerees of personhood imposed and projected upon surfaces. Image content and how images function are among questions I address in my photographic practice while taking into account theories of Martin Heidegger, W.E.B. Du Bois, Karl Marx and advertising strategies. Applying said theory to my photographic practice along with the application of paint to photographs has led to a creation of images that expands from two dimensional flatness to three dimensions in terms of form and content

Symmetry and the Origin of Mass

Fermilab High Energy Frontier experiments at the FermilabTevatron, and the LHC at CERN, will soon provide clues as to the mechanisms involved in the origin of the phenomenon of mass in nature. This is intimately tied to the fundamental symmetry principles that define modern physics, and may usher in a plethora of new elementary particles, new symmetries, and new dynamics

Collegiate Athletics Impact on Academic Performance

The complex world of collegiate athletics in American universities presents a unique intersection of sports and academics, each influencing student-athlete trajectory. This research project explores the numerous factors impacting these individuals\u27 academic performance and overall educational experience. Drawing on sources ranging from studies on institutional policies (Brecht & Burnett, 2019) to personal motivations (Firth-Clark et al., 2019), the investigation paints a comprehensive picture of the challenges and opportunities faced by student-athletes. Key findings highlight the powerful influence of external entities like the NCAA and the inherent pressures of media attention (Torres-Ronda et al., 2022). Similarly, internal dynamics such as peer influences, the lure of potential professional careers, and personal backgrounds play significant roles in shaping academic outcomes. The research underscores the importance of a balanced approach by universities, emphasizing both athletic and academic commitments. Hazzaa et al. (2018) stress the significance of robust academic support structures tailored for athletes. In conclusion, the project offers a holistic view of the collegiate athletic ecosystem, emphasizing the need for continuous reassessment and evolution in policies and support mechanisms to ensure student-athletes thrive both on the field and in the classroom. The future of this delicate balance between sports and education remains dynamic, necessitating vigilance, adaptability, and a commitment to the holistic development of student-athletes (Navarro et al., 2020)

Exercise intensity-dependent effects of arm and leg-cycling on cognitive performance

Physiological responses to arm and leg-cycling are different, which may influence psychological and biological mechanisms that influence post-exercise cognitive performance. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of maximal and submaximal (absolute and relative intensity matched) arm and leg-cycling on executive function. Thirteen males (age, 24.7 ± 5.0 years) initially undertook two incremental exercise tests to volitional exhaustion for arm-cycling (82 ± 18 W) and leg-cycling (243 ± 52 W) for the determination of maximal power output. Participants subsequently performed three 20-min constant load exercise trials: (1) arm-cycling at 50% of the ergometer-specific maximal power output (41 ± 9 W), (2) leg-cycling at 50% of the ergometer-specific maximal power output (122 ± 26 W), and (3) leg-cycling at the same absolute power output as the submaximal arm-cycling trial (41 ± 9 W). An executive function task was completed before, immediately after and 15-min after each exercise test. Exhaustive leg-cycling increased reaction time (p 0.05). Improvements in reaction time following arm-cycling were maintained for at least 15-min post exercise (p = 0.008, d = -0.73). Arm and leg-cycling performed at the same relative intensity elicit comparable improvements in cognitive performance. These findings suggest that individuals restricted to arm exercise possess a similar capacity to elicit an exercise-induced cognitive performance benefit

Insights from structural studies of the cardiovirus 2A protein.

Cardioviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses of the family Picornaviridae. In addition to being the first example of internal ribosome entry site (IRES) utilization, cardioviruses also employ a series of alternative translation strategies, such as Stop-Go translation and programmed ribosome frameshifting. Here, we focus on cardiovirus 2A protein, which is not only a primary virulence factor, but also exerts crucial regulatory functions during translation, including activation of viral ribosome frameshifting and inhibition of host cap-dependent translation. Only recently, biochemical and structural studies have allowed us to close the gaps in our knowledge of how cardiovirus 2A is able to act in diverse translation-related processes as a novel RNA-binding protein. This review will summarize these findings, which ultimately may lead to the discovery of other RNA-mediated gene expression strategies across a broad range of RNA viruses

Hardware as a service - enabling dynamic, user-level bare metal provisioning of pools of data center resources.

We describe a “Hardware as a Service (HaaS)” tool for isolating pools of compute, storage and networking resources. The goal of HaaS is to enable dynamic and flexible, user-level provisioning of pools of resources at the so-called “bare-metal” layer. It allows experimental or untrusted services to co-exist alongside trusted services. By functioning only as a resource isolation system, users are free to choose between different system scheduling and provisioning systems and to manage isolated resources as they see fit. We describe key HaaS use cases and features. We show how HaaS can provide a valuable, and somehwat overlooked, layer in the software architecture of modern data center management. Documentation and source code for HaaS software are available at: https://github.com/CCI-MOC/haasPartial support for this work was provided by the MassTech Collaborative Research Matching Grant Program, National Science Foundation award #1347525 and several commercial partners of the Mass Open Cloud who may be found at http://www.massopencloud.org.http://www.ieee-hpec.org/2014/CD/index_htm_files/FinalPapers/116.pd