Energy, Laplacian energy of double graphs and new families of equienergetic graphs

For a graph $G$ with vertex set $V(G)=\{v_1, v_2, \cdots, v_n\}$, the extended double cover $G^*$ is a bipartite graph with bipartition (X, Y), $X=\{x_1, x_2, \cdots, x_n\}$ and $Y=\{y_1, y_2, \cdots, y_n\}$, where two vertices $x_i$ and $y_j$ are adjacent if and only if $i=j$ or $v_i$ adjacent to $v_j$ in $G$. The double graph $D[G]$ of $G$ is a graph obtained by taking two copies of $G$ and joining each vertex in one copy with the neighbours of corresponding vertex in another copy. In this paper we study energy and Laplacian energy of the graphs $G^*$ and $D[G]$, $L$-spectra of $G^{k*}$ the $k$-th iterated extended double cover of $G$. We obtain a formula for the number of spanning trees of $G^*$. We also obtain some new families of equienergetic and $L$-equienergetic graphs.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figur

The Generalized Distance Spectrum of the Join of Graphs

Let G be a simple connected graph. In this paper, we study the spectral properties of the generalized distance matrix of graphs, the convex combination of the symmetric distance matrix D(G) and diagonal matrix of the vertex transmissions Tr(G) . We determine the spectrum of the join of two graphs and of the join of a regular graph with another graph, which is the union of two different regular graphs. Moreover, thanks to the symmetry of the matrices involved, we study the generalized distance spectrum of the graphs obtained by generalization of the join graph operation through their eigenvalues of adjacency matrices and some auxiliary matrices

The work-life interface and the role of HR: employee experiences in Brazil

Work-life studies address an individual's need to reconcile work and non-work aspects of life. With the increasing demands in both spheres, organizations have responded by developing policies and programs aimed at alleviating conflict and providing support for workers. However, the concepts of work-life balance and work-life conflict were constructed within a particular time and place and thus may be culture and context-specific. Despite an increasing trend in cross-cultural work-life studies, most research has focused on developed countries and a key issue remains examining whether theories, models and findings are valid in a less comparable setting. The present research contributes to this understanding by examining the work-life interface from the perspective of human resource professionals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Findings suggest that there is little organizational support beyond what is mandated by the government and the prevalence of informal arrangements. In addition, there is a remarkable difference in terms of work-life provisions between Brazilian and multinational firms

Same, same but different? Women’s experiences with gender inequality in Brazil

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine gender issues in Brazil from the perceptions, experiences, and discourses of professional women in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on 26 in-depth interviews with female professionals. The methodology consists of an exploratory approach through content analysis. Findings Despite the fact that Brazil demonstrates an idealized national ethos that promotes equality, gender roles are still very traditional. Participants recognized gender issues at work, including covert discrimination, though most did not acknowledge experiencing them personally. Originality/value There is dissonance between global trends and the actual experience of female professionals in Brazil. Although participants rejected the idea of personally experiencing inequality, they acknowledge its existence in human resources (HR) practices. This leads to a self-fulfilling prophecy where gender inequality is perpetuated and organizations and HR departments do not seem to have a proactive role as change agents

Microstructure of Concrete

Concrete is a composite material that consists of a binding medium and aggregate particles and can be formed in several types. It may be considered to consist of three phases: a cement paste, the aggregate, and the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between them. In addition to ordinary Portland cement, the essential components of the base of concrete are aggregates and water. For practical requirements, additives and admixtures can be added to these raw materials to improve some desirable characteristics. The following requirements should be considered in producing high performance concrete (HPC): (i) low water/cement (w/c) ratio; (ii) fine aggregate; (iii) large quantity of mineral additives, silica fume, and fly ash; (iv) high dosage of superplasticizer; and (v) high-pressure steam curing. The microstructure of high performance concrete (HPC) is more homogenous than that of normal concrete (NC) due to the physical and chemical contribution of the additives (silica fume and fly ash) as well as it is less porous due to reduced w/c ratio with the addition of a superplasticizer. Inclusion of additives (individually or in combination) helped in improving the strength and durability of concrete mixes due to the additional reduction in porosity of cement paste and an improved interface between it and the aggregate

Reverse engineering of drug induced DNA damage response signalling pathway reveals dual outcomes of ATM kinase inhibition

The DNA Damage Response (DDR) pathway represents a signalling mechanism that is activated in eukaryotic cells following DNA damage and comprises of proteins involved in DNA damage detection, DNA repair, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This pathway consists of an intricate network of signalling interactions driving the cellular ability to recognise DNA damage and recruit specialised proteins to take decisions between DNA repair or apoptosis. ATM and ATR are central components of the DDR pathway. The activities of these kinases are vital in DNA damage induced phosphorylational induction of DDR substrates. Here, firstly we have experimentally determined DDR signalling network surrounding the ATM/ATR pathway induced following double stranded DNA damage by monitoring and quantifying time dependent inductions of their phosphorylated forms and their key substrates. We next involved an automated inference of unsupervised predictive models of time series data to generate in silico (molecular) interaction maps. We characterized the complex signalling network through system analysis and gradual utilisation of small time series measurements of key substrates through a novel network inference algorithm. Furthermore, we demonstrate an application of an assumption-free reverse engineering of the intricate signalling network of the activated ATM/ATR pathway. We next studied the consequences of such drug induced inductions as well as of time dependent ATM kinase inhibition on cell survival through further biological experiments. Intermediate and temporal modelling outcomes revealed the distinct signaling profile associated with ATM kinase activity and inhibition and explained the underlying signalling mechanism for dual ATM functionality in cytotoxic and cytoprotective pathways

Peran Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri dalam Mengelola, Merawat dan Menyimpan Benda Sitaan Negara dan Barang Rampasan Negara

Berdasarkan visi dan misi Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia yang pada hakekatnya berusaha memantapkan dan megoptimalkan operasionalisasi pengelolaan barang sitaan dan barang rampasan negara di Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara dalam penegakan hukum dan perlindungan Hak Asas ManusiaTujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pengelolaan, perawatan dan penyimpanan benda sitaan negara dan barang rampasan negara di Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri dan Untuk mengetahui Kendala-kendala yang timbul dalam pelaksanaan pengelolaan, perawatan dan penyimpanan benda sitaan negara dan barang rampasan negara di Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri serta upaya penyelesaiannya.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah penelitian hukum empiris Jenis penelitian diatas digunakan mengingat bahwa permasalahan yang diteliti berkisar pada peraturan Perundangan yaitu hubungan peraturan yang satu dengan yang lainnya serta kaitannya dengan penerapannya dalam praktek. Lokasi penelitan penulis mengambil lokasi penelitian yang berada Di Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri dengan alamat Jalan. Ir. Sutami II Wonogiri Jawa Tengah. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa pelaksanaan pengelolaan,merawat dan menyimpan benda sitaan maupun barang rampasan negara di Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri meliputi sejak sebuah barang masuk ke dalam Rupbasan yaitu pertama barang tersebut diterima barang tersebut dicatat dalam buku pendaftaran sebagai persiapan administrasi dan dokumentasi. Kedua, setelah selesai didaftarkan tahap berikutnya adalah penelitian basan dan baran. Setelah melalui proses administrasi, basan dan baran akan dikelola dan disimpan di Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri. Kendala-kendala yang timbul adalah dari segi kesiapan personel Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri yang masih terbatas sumber daya manusianya yang dipandang dari sudut kualitas maupun kuantitasnya. Dan juga keterbatasan sarana prasarana dalam menunjang fungsi Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri, Saran yang dapat disampaikan adalah mengenai peranan dan arti penting Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri sebagai tempat penyimpanan benda sitaan negara dan barang rampasan negara. Meningkatkan sinergi yang baik antara Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri dengan instansi terkait dalam pelaksanaan penyimpanan benda sitaan agar fungsi Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara Wonogiri dapat berjalan secara optimal dan profesional

Existence of solutions for hybrid differential equation with fractional order

In this paper, we study the existence of solutions for the following fractional hybrid differential equations involving Riemann-Liouville differential operators of order . An existence theorem for fractional hybrid differential equations is proved under mixed Lipschitz and Carathéodory conditions and using the Dhage point fixe theorem. Keywords: Quadratic perturbations;  Riemann-Liouville derivative;  Hybrid differential equation

Boundary value problems for hybrid differential equations

This note is motived from some papers treating  the hybrid differential equations. An existence theorem for this equation is proved. Some fundamental differential inequalities for hybrid differential equatins  are also established which are utilized to prove the existence of extremal solutions. Necessary tools are considered and the comparison principle is proved which will be useful for further study of qualitative behavior of solutions