Analysis of Alzheimer’s disease representation in literature and awareness campaigns

La presente tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo profundizar en el estudio de la representación social y cultural de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) y sus implicaciones. Por un lado, trata de analizar las representaciones dirigidas a la población infantil en proceso de socialización. Por otro, valorar la influencia de distintos encuadres de la EA en los receptores de los mensajes relacionados con esta enfermedad. Con tal fin se parte de una perspectiva multidisciplinar y se lleva a cabo una aproximación desde el framing. Para ello se diseñaron cuatro estudios. Los dos primeros exploran, a través del análisis del discurso y de determinados elementos simbólicos, la representación de la EA y su entorno en el género literario del álbum ilustrado dirigido a población infantil. Los resultados constatan que a la vez que se fomentan determinados valores relacionados con la enfermedad, también se emiten encuadres y estereotipos negativos que ayudan a perpetuar el estigma asociado a la EA. El tercer y cuarto estudio utiliza una metodología cuantitativa para analizar la influencia del framing de la EA en las campañas de sensibilización. Se observa cómo los encuadres negativos y los positivos modulan de forma diferente determinadas valoraciones, emociones, actitudes y conductas de la población receptora. Asimismo se pone de relieve la importancia de la personalización de las campañas para afinar en la consecución los objetivos propuestos en su lanzamiento. Con respecto a las conclusiones, destaca el papel desarrollado por distintos medios, entre los que se encuentra la literatura, en la perpetuación del estigma asociado a la EA, más si cabe si hablamos de destinatarios infantiles en pleno proceso de socialización. Consecuentemente, para paliar el estigma vinculado a la EA se hace necesario su reencuadre. Si bien, para lograr tal propósito no basta solo con esto, pues se deben tener en cuenta las características personales de la población receptora de los mensajes emitidos

Spontaneous Breathing Rate Variations Linked to Social Exclusion and Emotion Self-assessment

[EN] The emotional reactions to social exclusion can be associated with physiological responses that could allow researchers to estimate the valence and intensity of the ongoing afective state. In this work, respiratory activity was analysed to verify whether breathing rate variations can be considered as predictive factors of subsequent positive and negative afect after inclusion and exclusion in young women. A standard Cyberball task was implemented and manipulated information was provided to the participants to create both conditions. The participants were socially excluded by limiting their participation to 6% of the total number of passes among three teammates and providing negative feedback about them. The results suggest that breathing rate can be a good option to infer subjective feelings during social interactions and a promising feature to incorporate into modern emotion monitoring systems as an alternative to other physiological measures. Furthermore, the interaction between metaemotion and physiology was studied by recording breathing rate while completing the Positive and Negative Afect Schedule, evidencing a breathing rate increase during the emotion self-assessment only after exclusion.Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCLE

Rúbrica de Evaluación de Competencias para el Diseño de Intervenciones Psicoeducativas (RECDIP): aplicada a la simulación de casos

Se trata de un instrumento que define criterios y puntuaciones para valorar el nivel de adquisición y desarrollo de competencias para el diseño de intervenciones psicoeducativas (basadas en la simulación de casos) en alumnado universitario

Steady-state kinetics of Roystonea regia palm tree peroxidase

ABSTRAC

Caridad/Solidaridad desde el día a día del entorno ciudadano

El tema de la Caridad, la Solidaridad, de la Beneficencia es pilar fundamental en las Hermandades y sobre todo en la época de crisis que va quedando atrás. Un tema que interesa o no a los Medios de Comunicación, en el que las Hermandades se sienten felices de poder dar asistencia, solidaridad, pero por otra parte, muchas veces, no quiere mostrar cuanto hace en esta parcela, dar toda su proyección

A multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) applied to three long-term prophylactic treatments for hereditary angioedema in Spain

Introduction: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disease that impairs quality of life and could be life-threatening. The aim of this study was to apply a multicriteria decision analysis to assess the value of three long-term prophylactic (LIP) therapies for HAE in Spain. Methods: A multidisciplinary committee of 10 experts assessed the value of lanadelumab (subcutaneous use), C1-inhibitor (C1-INH; intravenous), and danazol (orally), using placebo as comparator. We followed the EVIDEM methodology that considers a set of 13 quantitative criteria. The overall estimated value of each intervention was obtained combining the weighting of each criterion with the scoring of each intervention in each criterion. We used two alternative weighting methods: hierarchical point allocation (HPA) and direct rating scale (DRS). A reevaluation of weightings and scores was performed. Results: Lanadelumab obtained higher mean scores than C1-INH and danazol in all criteria, except for the cost of the intervention and clinical practice guidelines. Under the HPA method, the estimated values were 0.51 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44-0.58) for lanadelumab, 0.47 (95%CI: 0.41-0.53) for C1-INH, and 0.31 (95%CI: 0.240.39) for danazol. Similar results were obtained with the DRS method: 0.51 (95%CI: 0.42-0.60), 0.47 (95%CI: 0.40-0.54), and 0.27 (95%CI: 0.18-0.37), respectively. The comparative cost of the intervention was the only criterion that contributed negatively to the values of lanadelumab and C1-INH. For danazol, four criteria contributed negatively, mainly comparative safety. Conclusion: Lanadelumab was assessed as a high-value intervention, better than C1-INH and substantially better than danazol for LTP treatment of HAE

Cost‐effectiveness and cost‐utility evaluation of individual vs. group transdiagnostic psychological treatment for emotional disorders in primary care (PsicAP‐Costs): a multicentre randomized controlled trial protocol

Background: Emotional disorders are common, and they have become more prevalent since the COVID‐19 pan‐ demic. Due to a high attendance burden at the specialized level, most emotional disorders in Spain are treated in primary care, where they are usually misdiagnosed and treated using psychotropic drugs. This contributes to perpetu‐ ate their illness and increase health care costs. Following the IAPT programme and the transdiagnostic approach, the PsicAP project developed a brief group transdiagnostic cognitive‐behavioural therapy (tCBT) as a cost‐effective alternative. However, it is not suitable for everyone; in some cases, one‐on‐one sessions may be more effective. The objective of the present study is to compare, in cost‐benefit terms, group and individual tCBT with the treatment usu‐ ally administered in Spanish primary care (TAU). Methods: A randomized, controlled, multicentre, and single‐blinded trial will be performed. Adults with mild to moderate emotional disorders will be recruited and placed in one of three arms: group tCBT, individual tCBT, or TAU. Medical data and outcomes regarding emotional symptoms, disability, quality of life, and emotion regulation biases will be collected at baseline, immediately after treatment, and 6 and 12 months later. The data will be used to calcu‐ late incremental cost‐effectiveness and cost‐utility ratios. Discussion: This trial aims to contribute to clinical practice research. The involvement of psychologists in primary care and the implementation of a stepped‐care model for mental disorders are recommended. Group therapy and a transdiagnostic approach may help optimize health system resources and unblock waiting lists so that people can spend less time experiencing mental health problems. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04847310; Protocols.io: bx2npqde. (April 19, 2021

Proyecto para la mejora de la empleabilidad mediante el alineamiento de las competencias de los títulos de la Facultad de Economía y Empresa

Memoria ID-0143. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017