[El manual de gramática histórica]

1 archivo PDF (2 páginas). fhduodequadragintaReseña para "El Manual de gramática histórica de Concepción Company y Javier Cuétara, el cual se crea como herramienta de apoyo para la formación de profesionistas del estudio de la lengua. En sus páginas se abordan los tópicos básicos para desentrañar las vías de transformación del español desde su origen como lengua latina hasta la paulatina metamorfosis en protoromance y desemboque en el español actual. Se abordan en él los diversos tipos de cambio lingüísticos, la transformación en distintos niveles, principalmente en el fonético y fonológico

Leer, leerse : la agonía del libro en el cambio del nuevo milenio

1 archivo PDF (2 páginas). fhtrigintasexReseña para "Leer, leerse : la agonía del libro en el cambio del nuevo milenio" de Franco Ferrarotti, donde el autor hace un recuento entre biográfico e histórico en el que prepondera la necesidad de que los lectores de hoy revaloren la letra impresa y los autores clásicos, y revivan su espíritu, pero a partir del actual contexto histórico

The indigenous languages as a factor of discrimination in two communities in the state of Guerrero

1 archivo PDF (22 páginas). fhundequinquagintaEl acelerado descenso de las lenguas indígenas en México reclama un detallado diagnóstico de tan preocupante situación. La persistencia de los prejuicios y la discriminación inhiben el uso de la lengua náhuatl en los hablantes bilingües de Guerrero, quienes adoptan una doble postura: defienden la lengua indígena y asumen los mismos prejuicios contra aquélla. Tales actitudes se identifican mediante diversas pruebas. Abstract The rapid decline of indigenous languages in Mexico demands a detailed diagnosis of critical situation. The persistence of prejudice and discrimination inhibit the use of the Nahuatl language in bilingual speakers of Guerrero, who adopt a dual approach, first , defend de indigenous language, on the other, assume the same prejudices against it . Such attitudes are identified by diferent tests. PALABRAS CLAVE: actitudes lingüísticas, náhuatl, español, prejuicios. KEY WORDS: Language, Nahuatl, Spanish attitudes, prejudices

A combined measure for quantifying and qualifying the topology preservation of growing self-organizing maps

The Self-OrganizingMap (SOM) is a neural network model that performs an ordered projection of a high dimensional input space in a low-dimensional topological structure. The process in which such mapping is formed is defined by the SOM algorithm, which is a competitive, unsupervised and nonparametric method, since it does not make any assumption about the input data distribution. The feature maps provided by this algorithm have been successfully applied for vector quantization, clustering and high dimensional data visualization processes. However, the initialization of the network topology and the selection of the SOM training parameters are two difficult tasks caused by the unknown distribution of the input signals. A misconfiguration of these parameters can generate a feature map of low-quality, so it is necessary to have some measure of the degree of adaptation of the SOM network to the input data model. The topologypreservation is the most common concept used to implement this measure. Several qualitative and quantitative methods have been proposed for measuring the degree of SOM topologypreservation, particularly using Kohonen's model. In this work, two methods for measuring the topologypreservation of the Growing Cell Structures (GCSs) model are proposed: the topographic function and the topology preserving ma

Análisis de las contrataciones de proyectos de inversión pública en el Ministerio de Cultura U.E 001 y 008, Periodo 2012 - 2015

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como propósito mostrar el “Análisis de las contrataciones de proyectos de inversión pública en el Ministerio de Cultura U.E 001 y 008, Periodo 2012 - 2015”. El escenario de estudio son las unidades Ejecutoras N° 001 – Administración General y 008 – Proyectos Especiales del Ministerio de Cultura, ambas ubicadas en la ciudad de Lima. El tipo de estudio es descriptivo. A través de fichas de observación, instrumento utilizado para este trabajo, se recolectó información para obtener los resultados que se exponen como contenido global de la investigación. Según los resultados obtenidos se puede observar ciertos patrones que se repiten en los diferentes procesos de selección asociados a proyectos de Inversión Pública del sector Cultura convocados por las dos Unidades Ejecutoras y que tienen relación con las fases del proceso de contratación pública, confirmando lo mencionado por los autores de algunas de las fuentes citadas en el presente estudio, en el sentido que el éxito del proceso de selección asociado a un Proyecto de Inversión Pública reside en la importancia que se brinde a algunos factores de las citadas fases; y sobre la base de la discusión de resultados, se ha sugerido algunas recomendaciones

Classification of Satellite Images by means of Fuzzy Rules generated by a Genetic Algorithm

The data acquired by Remote Sensing systems allow obtaining thematic maps of the earth's surface, by means of the registered image classification. This implies the identification and categorization of all pixels into land cover classes. Traditionally, methods based on statistical parameters have been widely used, although they show some disadvantages. Nevertheless, some authors indicate that those methods based on artificial intelligence, may be a good alternative. Thus, fuzzy classifiers, which are based on Fuzzy Logic, include additional information in the classification process through based-rule systems. In this work, we propose the use of a genetic algorithm (GA) to select the optimal and minimum set of fuzzy rules to classify remotely sensed images. Input information of GA has been obtained through the training space determined by two uncorrelated spectral bands (2D scatter diagrams), which has been irregularly divided by five linguistic terms defined in each band. The proposed methodology has been applied to Landsat-TM images and it has showed that this set of rules provides a higher accuracy level in the classification proces

Circulation of Literacy and Uses of Press between 1820 and 1830: analysis on Viajes a Buenos Aires 1826 y 1831 by Jean Baptiste Douville

El siguiente trabajo ha sido elaborado en el marco del proyecto de investigación «Accesos y exclusiones a la cultura escrita desde mediados del siglo xviii hasta mediados del siglo xix en el espacio territorial bonaerense», integrado por el equipo de Historia Social de la Educación de la Universidad de Luján, dirigido por la doctora María Cristina Linares. En el mismo, observamos, describimos y analizamos el rol y los usos sociales de la prensa en Viajes a Buenos Aires 1826 y 1831, una narrativa de viaje realizada por el viajero francés Jean Baptiste Douville (1794-1837). Esta obra es un recorte de 30 mois de a vie, quinze mois avant et quinze mois aprés mon Voyage au Congo, ou ma justification des infamies débitées contre moi; suivie de details nouveaux et curieux sur les moeurs et les usages des habitants du Brésil et de Buenos-Ayres, et d’une description de la Colonie Patagonia (1833) y recopila aquellos capítulos en los que el viajero narra su visita a Buenos Aires. Son dos los principales conceptos que atraviesan el artículo, cultura escrita y narrativa de viaje. En esta trama se va construyendo un relato que caracteriza un periodo histórico en el actual territorio argentino en donde la prensa como herramienta política adquiere un rol importante. En un primer periodo nos ubicamos en Buenos Aires como ciudad letrada tomando sus antecedentes y el momento en que Douville llega a esta ciudad. Luego veremos a Douville como viajero y como escritor, para analizar la relación que tuvo con la prensa y los usos que se derivaron de ello.The following article has been prepared within the framework of the research project «Access and exclusions to literacy from the mid-eighteenth century to the mid-nineteenth century in the Buenos Aires territorial space», which is formed by the Social History of Education Team University of Luján and directed by Dr. María Cristina Linares. In this article, we observe, describe and analyze the role and social uses of the press in Viajes a Buenos Aires 1826 y 1831, a travel narrative made by the French traveller Jean Baptiste Douville (1794-1837). This work is a cut of 30 mois de a vie, quinze mois avant et quinze mois aprés mon Voyage au Congo, ou ma justification des infamies débitées contre moi; suivie de details nouveaux et curieux sur les moeurs et les usages des habitants du Brésil et de BuenosAyres, et d’une description de la Colonie Patagonia (1833) and compiles those chapters in which the traveller narrates his visit to Buenos Aires. There are two main concepts that go through the article, literacy and travel narrative. In this plot a story is constructed that characterizes a historical period in the current Argentine territory where the press as a political tool acquires an important role. At first we are located in Buenos Aires as a «literate city» taking its antecedents and the moment when Douville arrives in this city. Then we will consider Douville as a traveller and as a writer, to analyze the relationship he had with the press and the uses that were derived from it.Fil: Barbosa, María Laura. Universidad Nacional de Luján; ArgentinaFil: Hidalgo Martínez, Santiago Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Luján; Argentin

Growing Self-Organizing Maps for Data Analysis

Currently, there exist many research areas that produce large multivariable datasets that are difficult to visualize in order to extract useful information. Kohonen self organizing maps have been used successfully in the visualization and analysis of multidimensional data. In this work, a projection technique that compresses multidimensional datasets into two dimensional space using growing self-organizing maps is described. With this embedding scheme, traditional Kohonen visualization methods have been implemented using growing cell structures networks. New graphical map display have been compared with Kohonen graphs using two groups of simulated data and one group of real multidimensional data selected from a satellite scene

Growing Cell Structures Neural Networks for Designing Spectral Indexes

Remote sensing can be defined as the technique that facilitates the acquisition of land surface data without contact with the material object of observation. The development of tools for analyzing and processing multispectral images captured by sensors aboard satellites has provided the automation of tasks that could not be possible otherwise. The main problem related with this discipline is the large volume of data of multidimensional nature that must be handled. The concept of spectral index emerged as an idea to reduce the number of dimensions to one, and thus facilitate the study of different features associated to the types of land cover categories that exhibits a multispectral image. Formally, a spectral index is defined as a combination of spectral bands whose function is to enhance the contribution of one type of land cover mitigating the rest of covers. In this work a no-supervised methodology to analyze and discover spectral indexes based on growing self-organizing neural network (GCS-Growing Cell Structures) is presented

Self perceived health and stress in the pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic

[EN] Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has had numerous maternal and neonatal consequences, especially at the mental level. Pregnant women experience a rise in anxiety symptoms and prenatal stress. Aims: The aim was to describe self-perceived health status, general stress and prenatal stress and to analyze relations and associations with sociodemographic factors. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted using non-probabilistic circumstantial sampling. The sample was recruited during the first trimester of pregnancy during the control obstetrical visit. The Google Forms platform was used. A total of 297 women participated in the study. The Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (PDQ), the Perceived Stress Score (PSS) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used. Results: Primiparas presented higher levels of worry about childbirth and the baby (10.93 ± 4.73) than multiparous women (9.88 ± 3.96). Somatic symptoms were present in 6% of the women. Anxiety-insomnia was scored positively by 18% of the women. In the Spearman correlation analysis, statistically significant values were found between almost all study variables. A positive correlation was observed between self-perceived health and prenatal and general stress levels. Discussion: During the first trimester of gestation, prenatal concerns increase when levels of anxiety, insomnia and depression also increase. There is a clear relationship between prenatal worries, anxiety, insomnia and depression with stress. Health education that focuses on mental health of pregnant women would help reduce worries during pregnancy and would improve the pregnant women perception of her health and well-being.S