Exactly solvable models of nuclei

In this paper a review is given of a class of sub-models of both approaches, characterized by the fact that they can be solved exactly, highlighting in the process a number of generic results related to both the nature of pair-correlated systems as well as collective modes of motion in the atomic nucleus.Comment: 34 pages, 8 figures accepted for publication in Scholarpedi

Thermodynamical properties of a mean-field plus pairing model and applications for the Fe nuclei

A mean-field plus pairing model for atomic nuclei in the Fe region was studied using a finite-temperature quantum Monte-Carlo method. We present results for thermodynamical quantities such as the internal energy and the specific heat. These results give indications of a phase transition related to the pairing amongst nucleons, around temperatures of 0.7 MeV. The influence of the residual interaction and of the size of the model space on the nuclear level densities is discussed too.Comment: 23 pages, including 17 eps figure

Disentangling the nuclear shape coexistence in even-even Hg isotopes using the interacting boson model

We intend to provide a consistent description of the even-even Hg isotopes, 172-200Hg, using the interacting boson model including configuration mixing. We pay special attention to the description of the shape of the nuclei and to its connection with the shape coexistence phenomenon.Comment: To appear in CGS15 conference proceedings (EPJ Web of Conferences

The influence of intruder states in even-even Po isotopes

We study the role of intruder states and shape coexistence in the even-even $^{190-206}$Po isotopes, through an interacting boson model with configuration mixing calculation. We analyzed the results in the light of known systematics on various observable in the Pb region, paying special attention to the unperturbed energy systematics and quadrupole deformation. We find that shape coexistence in the Po isotopes behaves in very much the same way as in the Pt isotopes, i.e., it is somehow hidden, contrary to the situation in the Pb and the Hg isotopes.Comment: Contribution to the Nuclear Structure and Dynamics 2015 (Portorose, Slovenia) proceeding

Nuclear shape coexistence in Po isotopes: An interacting boson model study

Background: The lead region, Po, Pb, Hg, and Pt, shows up the presence of coexisting structures having different deformation and corresponding to different particle-hole configurations in the Shell Model language. Purpose: We intend to study the importance of configuration mixing in the understanding of the nuclear structure of even-even Po isotopes, where the shape coexistence phenomena are not clear enough. Method: We study in detail a long chain of polonium isotopes, 190-208Po, using the interacting boson model with configuration mixing (IBM-CM). We fix the parameters of the Hamiltonians through a least-squares fit to the known energies and absolute B(E2) transition rates of states up to 3 MeV. Results: We obtained the IBM-CM Hamiltonians and we calculate excitation energies, B(E2)'s, electric quadrupole moments, nuclear radii and isotopic shifts, quadrupole shape invariants, wave functions, and deformations. Conclusions: We obtain a good agreement with the experimental data for all the studied observables and we conclude that shape coexistence phenomenon is hidden in Po isotopes, very much as in the case of the Pt isotopes.Comment: To be published in Physical Review C. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1312.459

Identifying neutrinos and antineutrinos in neutral-current scattering reactions

We study neutrino-induced nucleon knockout from nuclei. Expressions for the induced polarization are derived within the framework of the independent-nucleon model and the non-relativistic plane-wave approximation. Large dissimilarities in the nucleon polarization asymmetries are observed between neutrino- and antineutrino-induced processes. These asymmetries represent a potential way to distinguish between neutrinos and antineutrinos in neutral-current neutrino-scattering on nuclei. We discuss astrophysical applications of these polarization asymmetries. Our findings are illustrated for neutrino scattering on $^{16}$O and $^{208}$Pb.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let

Spin-dependent neutrino-induced nucleon knockout

We study neutrino-induced nucleon knockout off atomic nuclei and examine the polarization properties of the ejectile. A detailed study of the spin dependence of the outgoing nucleon is presented. The numerical results are derived within a non-relativistic plane-wave impulse-approximation approach. Our calculations reveal large polarization asymmetries, and clear dissimilarities between neutrino- and antineutrino-induced reactions. They reflect the fact that neutrino-induced nucleon knockout is dominated by the transverse axial current and gains its major contributions from forward nucleon emission and backward lepton scattering.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Normal frames for non-Riemannian connections

The principal properties of geodesic normal coordinates are the vanishing of the connection components and first derivatives of the metric components at some point. It is well-known that these hold only at points where the connection has vanishing torsion and non-metricity. However, it is shown that normal frames, possessing the essential features of normal coordinates, can still be constructed when the connection is non-Riemannian.Comment: 4 pages, plain TeX. To appear in Class. Quantum Gra

Nuclear shell evolution and in-medium NN interaction

We report on a quantitative study of the evolution of the nuclear shell structure, in particular, effective single-particle energies (ESPEs), based on the spin-tensor decomposition of an effective two-body shell-model interaction. While the global trend of the ESPEs is mainly due to the central term of the effective interaction, variations of shell gaps invoke various components of the in-medium NN force. From a detailed analysis of a well-fitted realistic interaction in the sdpf shell-model space, two most important contributions for the evolution of the N = 20 and N = 28 shell gaps are confirmed to be the central term and the tensor term. The role of the latter is dominant to explain the energy shift of spin-orbit partners. Spin-tensor analysis of microscopic effective interactions in sd, pf, and gds shell-model spaces, contrasted with that of the phenomenologically adjusted ones, shows no evidence of amplification of the tensor component contribution; however, it points toward the neglect of three-body forces in the present microscopic interactions

Criticality in the configuration-mixed interacting boson model : (1) U(5)−Q^(χ)⋅Q^(χ)U(5)-\hat{Q}(\chi)\cdot\hat{Q}(\chi) mixing

The case of U(5)--$\hat{Q}(\chi)\cdot\hat{Q}(\chi)$ mixing in the configuration-mixed Interacting Boson Model is studied in its mean-field approximation. Phase diagrams with analytical and numerical solutions are constructed and discussed. Indications for first-order and second-order shape phase transitions can be obtained from binding energies and from critical exponents, respectively