Nicht-traditionelle Studierende in Niedersachsen: Eine Bestandsaufnahme

Die Erhöhung der Durchlässigkeit des Bildungssystems gewinntinsbesondere aufgrund des demographischen Wandelsund des befürchteten Fachkräftemangels zunehmend an Bedeutung.Im Zuge dessen ist die Öffnung der Hochschule fürnicht-traditionelle Studierende (NTS) in den letzten Jahrenbildungspolitisch zu einem Topthema avanciert. Der vorliegendeBeitrag untersucht die Entwicklung sowie den aktuellenStatus Quo der NTS in Niedersachsen anhand bisherigerStudien und versucht sich an einer Klassifizierung derZielgruppe. Wo kommen die NTS her, was bringen die NTSan Kompetenzen mit, welche Studiengänge wollen NTS studieren?Welche spezifischen Motivlagen herrschen bei NTSvor und welchen Herausforderungen muss sich die Zielgruppestellen? Diesen Fragen wird in dem vorliegenden Artikelnachgegangen und eine Annäherung an die Zielgruppe geleistet

Western visitors at the Blätterhöhle (city of Hagen, southern Westphalia) during the Younger Dryas? A new final palaeolithic assemblage type in western Germany

Until now, it was considered certain that the last reindeer hunters of the Ahrensburgian (tanged point groups) existed exclusively in northwestern Central Europe during the Younger Dryas Cold Period (~ Greenland Stadial 1). The excavations carried out since 2006 on the forecourt (Vorplatz) of the small Blätterhöhle in Hagen on the northern edge of the Sauerland uplands of southern Westphalia (North Rhine-Westphalia, western Germany) have now changed this view. Beneath a surprisingly extensive sequence of Mesolithic find horizons, Pleistocene sediments could be reached whose excavations yielded a Final Palaeolithic lithic ensemble of the Younger Dryas, unusual for the region and beyond. It is characterised by numerous backed lithic projectile points of high variability. Comparisons suggest a typological-technological connection with the Western European Laborian / Late Laborian. Neither in the nearer nor in the wider surroundings has a comparable lithic find ensemble been found so far. In addition, there is a lack of clear evidence for the reindeer in the fauna. Surprisingly, the vast majority of radiocarbon dates of bones and charcoals from the investigated archaeological horizon of the Final Pleistocene proved to be significantly older than expected from their stratigraphic position. This phenomenon has not yet been clarified

Téphrostratigraphie de sédiments lacustres situés en contexte géodynamique actif : exemple des sédiments du lac Icalma (Chili, zone volcanique sud, 38°S)

Dans ce travail, nous rapportons les compositions minéralogique et géochimique de couches de téphra présentes dans deux longues séquences sédimentaires prélevées dans le lac Icalma (Chili, Zone Volcanique Sud des Andes). Les deux séquences ont été datées par radiocarbone et couvrent les huits derniers millénaires. En raison de l’intense activité volcanique régionale et de l’effet des vents d’Ouest sur la dispersion de téphras, les sédiments du lac Icalma contiennent un nombre impressionnant de retombées téphriques. Afin de déterminer les compositions minéralogique et géochimique des magmas juvéniles respectifs, nous avons examiné les scories et/ou les ponces de taille supérieure à 420 μm, ce qui permet de s’affranchir de la contamination des téphras par le sédiment hôte. Nos résultats démontrent qu’un seul téphra se distingue nettement du reste de la série par ses compositions géochimique (rhyolithe) et minéralogique (essentiellement de l’hypersthène) particulières. Il s’agit du téphra Alpehue, émis par le volcan Sollipulli en 3000 a cal BP. La composition des autres téphras étant relativement homogène, une méthode de corrélation par zone a été utilisée et a permis de dégager deux unités minéralogiques et géochimiques distinctes, en plus du téphra Alpehue. Les téphras de l’unité supérieure consistent en andésite basaltique riche en olivine, tandis que ceux de l’unité inférieure sont des andésites à pyroxènes dominants. Cette démarche a permis de corréler les deux carottes sédimentaires entre elles, et de proposer des corrélations avec des enregistrements palustres et pédologiques plus distaux.In this paper, we document the mineralogical and geochemical composition of tephra layers identified in two long sediment cores (ICA-I and ICA-II) collected in Lake Icalma (Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes, Chile). The sediment cores have been dated by radiocarbon and cover the last 8000 years. Due to the frequent regional volcanic activity and prevailing westerly winds, the sediments of Lake Icalma contain a large number of tephra deposits (134 in ICA-I and 98 in ICA-II). However, some of these tephras occur in reworked deposits and have therefore been excluded from the present tephrostratigraphic study. Based on the mineralogical composition of grains in the 105-420 μm fraction, it has been demonstrated that the tephra layers are highly contaminated by the host sediment. We therefore separated and analyzed the coarse-grained scoriae and (or) pumices (> 420 μm) to constrain the mineralogical and geochemical composition of the corresponding juvenile magmas. Our results demonstrate that only one tephra, the Alpehue pumice, clearly differs from the rest of the record by its original geochemical (rhyolitic glass) and mineralogical (essentially hyperstene) composition. This tephra was emitted by the Sollipulli volcano in 3000 cal yr BP. In addition, our results demonstrate that the mineralogy and geochemistry of successive tephra layers are generally very similar and don’t permit correlations of individual tephra layers. A method of correlation by group has therefore been used. This method clearly shows two distinct mineralogical and geochemical tephrostratigraphical units, in addition to the Alpehue tephra. Tephras occurring in the upper unit are composed of olivine-rich basaltic andesite, whereas those of the lower unit have a pyroxene-rich andesitic composition. Using this technique, we have been able to correlate the two sediment cores with each other, as well as with more distant peat and soil deposits. In each case the Alpehue tephra is the more reliable tephrostratigraphic marker. This paper demonstrates that the quality of lacustrine tephrostratigraphic records is affected by several parameters such as the direction of prevailing winds, the frequency of volcanic eruptions and the seismic activity. Using tephras deposited in such sedimentary environments for stratigraphic correlations requires the adjustment of classical methods of tephrostratigraphic investigation

Conjoint bicondylar Hoffa fracture in a child: a rare variant treated by minimally invasive approach

A case of conjoint Hoffa-type fracture in a child is presented. Hoffa fracture, i.e., coronal slice fracture of the condyles of the femur, is rare in adults and even rarer in the pediatric population. To date, no case of conjoint bicondylar Hoffa fracture has been reported in the literature. The presented case was successfully treated by arthroscopically assisted internal fixation

Adenocarcinoma in Ileal Pouch after Proctocolectomy for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: Report of A Case

Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is one of the surgical treatments of choice for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Although the risk of cancer developing in an ileal pouch is not yet clear, a few cases of adenocarcinoma arising in an ileal pouch have been reported. We report a case of adenocarcinoma in ileal pouch after proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. A 56-yr-old woman was diagnosed as having familial adenomatous polyposis. Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis was performed. Six years later, she underwent completion-proctectomy with ileal J pouch-anal anastomosis including anorectal mucosectomy for rectal cancer. After 7 yr, she presented with anal spotting. Endoscopic biopsies revealed adenocarcinoma at the ileal pouch. Resection of the ileal pouch and permanent ileostomy were performed. The risk of cancer in an ileal pouch and its prevention with regular surveillance must be emphasized

Effect of Rotating Auditory Scene on Postural Control in Normal Subjects, Patients With Bilateral Vestibulopathy, Unilateral, or Bilateral Cochlear Implants

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a rotating sound stimulation on the postural performances in normal subjects, patients with bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP), unilateral (UCI), and bilateral (BCI) cochlear implantees.Materials and Methods: Sixty-nine adults were included (32 women and 37 men) in a multicenter prospective study. The group included 37 healthy subjects, 10 BVP, 15 UCI, and 7 BCI patients. The average of age was 47 ± 2.0 (range: 23–82). In addition to a complete audiovestibular work up, a dynamic posturography (Multitest Framiral, Grasse) was conducted in silence and with a rotating cocktail party sound delivered by headphone. The center of pressure excursion surface (COPS), sensory preferences, as well as fractal, diffusion, and wavelet analysis of stabilometry were collected.Results: The rotating sound seemed to influenced balance in all subgroups except in controls. COPS increased with sound in the BVP and BCI groups in closed eyes and sway-referenced condition indicating a destabilizing effect while it decreased in UCI in the same condition suggesting stabilization (p < 0.05, linear mixed model corrected for age, n = 69). BVP had higher proprioceptive preferences, BCI had higher vestibular and visual preferences, and UCI had only higher vestibular preferences than controls. Sensory preferences were not altered by rotating sound.Conclusions: The rotating sound destabilized BVP and BCI patients with binaural hearing while it stabilized UCI patients with monaural hearing and no sound rotation effect. This difference suggests that binaural auditory cues are exploited in BCI patients for their balance

Intramucosal adenocarcinoma of the ileum originated 40 years after ileosigmoidostomy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Small bowel adenocarcinomas (SBAs) are rare carcinomas. They are asymptomatic and usually neither endoscopy nor contrast studies are performed for screening</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 72-year-old Japanese male had a positive fecal occult blood test at a regular check-up in 2006. He suffered appendicitis and received an ileosigmoidostomy in 1966. A colonoscopy revealed an irregular mucosal lesion with an unclear margin at the ileum side of the anastomosis. A mucosal biopsy specimen showed adenocarcinoma histopathologically. Excision of the anastomosis was performed for this patient. The resected specimen showed a flat mucosal lesion with a slight depression at the ileum adjacent to the anastomosis. Histological examination revealed a well differentiated intramucosal adenocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma in situ). Immunohistological staining demonstrated the overexpression of p53 protein in the adenocarcinoma.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Adenocarcinoma of the ileum at such an early stage is a very rare event. In this case, there is a possibility that the ileosigmoidostomy resulted in a back flow of colonic stool to the ileum that caused the carcinogenesis of the small intestine.</p

Influence of Visual and Vestibular Hypersensitivity on Derealization and Depersonalization in Chronic Dizziness

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between visual and vestibular hypersensitivity, and Depersonalization/Derealization symptoms in patients with chronic dizziness.Materials and Methods: 319 adult patients with chronic dizziness for more than 3 months (214 females and 105 males, mean age: 58 years, range: 13–90) were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. Patients underwent a complete audio-vestibular workup and 3 auto questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD), Depersonalization/Derealization Inventory (DDI), and an in-house questionnaire (Dizziness in Daily Activity, DDA) assessing 9 activities with a score ranging from 0 (no difficulty) to 10 (maximal discomfort) and 11 (avoidance) to detect patients with visual and vestibular hypersensitivity (VVH, a score &gt; 41 corresponding to mean + 1 standard deviation).Results: DDI scores were higher in case of VVH (6.9 ± 6.79, n = 55 vs. 4.2 ± 4.81, n = 256 without VVH, p &lt; 0.001, unpaired t-test), migraine (6.1 ± 6.40, n = 110 vs. 4.0 ± 4.42, n = 208no migraine, p &lt; 0.001, unpaired t-test), and motion sickness (6.8 ± 5.93, n = 41 vs. 4.4 ± 5.11, n = 277 no motion sickness, p &lt; 0.01, unpaired t-test). Women scored DDI higher than men (5.1 ± 5.42, n = 213 vs. 3.9 ± 4.91, n = 105, respectively, p &lt; 0.05, unpaired t-test). DDI scores were also related to depression and anxiety. DDI score was also higher during spells than during the basal state.Conclusion: During chronic dizziness, Depersonalization/Derealization symptoms seem to be related to anxiety and depression. Moreover, they were prominent in women, in those with visual and vestibular hypersensitivity, migraine, and motion sickness

Detection of epithelial apoptosis in pelvic ileal pouches for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the surgical procedure of choice for patients with refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) and for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) with many rectal polyps. Pouchitis is one of the more frequent complications after IPAA in UC patients; however, it is rare in FAP.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>Evaluate pro-apoptotic activity in endoscopically and histological normal mucosa of the ileal pouch in patients with UC and FAP.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Eighteen patients (nine with UC and nine with FAP) with J pouch after total rectocolectomy were studied. Biopsies were obtained from the mucosa of the pouch and from normal ileum. The specimens were snap-frozen and the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by immunoblot of protein extracts and by immunohistochemistry analysis. FADD, Caspase-8, APAF-1 and Caspase-9 were evaluated by immunoprecipitation and immunoblot.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Patients with UC had significantly higher protein levels of Bax and APAF-1, Caspase-9 than patients with FAP, but were similar to controls. The expressions of Bcl-2 and FADD, Caspase-8 were similar in the groups. Immunohistochemistry for Bax showed less intensity of immunoreactions in FAP than in UC and Controls. Bcl-2 immunostaining was similar among the groups.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Patients with FAP present lower levels of pro-apoptotic proteins in all methods applied, even in the absence of clinical and endoscopic pouchitis and dysplasia in the histological analysis. These findings may explain a tendency of up-regulation of apoptosis in UC patients, resulting in higher rates of progression to pouchitis in these patients, which could correlate with mucosal atrophy that occurs in inflamed tissue. However, FAP patients had low pro-apoptotic activity in the mucosa, and it could explain the tendency to low cell turn over and presence of adenomas in this syndrome.</p