391 research outputs found
A generic learning multi-agent-system approach for spatio-temporal-, thermal- and energy-aware scheduling
This paper proposes an agent based approach to the scheduling of jobs in data centers under thermal constraints. The model encompasses both temporal and spatial aspects of the temperature evolution using a unified model, taking into account the dynamics of heat production and dissipation. Agents coordinate to eventually move jobs to the best suitable place and to adapt dynamically the frequency settings of the nodes to the best combination. Several objectives of the agents are compared under different circumstances by an extensive set of experiments
Examining the impact of Turkey’s emerging Muslim Democrats on processes of party system institutionalization.
This doctoral thesis examines the impact of moderate Islamist parties on party system institutionalization in Turkey. Its focus is on the political emergence of ‘Muslim-Democrat’ parties. This term was coined by the scholar Vali Nasr and refers to a new sub-type of party actor in the spectrum of political Islam that employs Islamic religiousity in its electoral appeal but operates within the normative framework of liberal democracy. The central question driving this thesis is to uncover how Turkey’s Muslim-Democrat parties have had a positive effect in advancing the institutionalization of Turkey’s party system. This thesis attempts to contribute to the broader debate regarding the compatibility of Islamist parties and democratic politics in demonstrating that the former, when adopting a moderate format akin to the ‘Muslim-Democrat’ ideal type, can have a positive effect in advancing processes of party system institutionalization. This effect would then be critically discussed within the context of its impact on broader democratic consolidation. The AKP, Turkey’s incumbent party, is chosen as the case study of a Muslim Democrat party.
The theoretical basis for the empirical element of this thesis is informed by the research framework for party system institutionalization that was formulated by Mainwaring and Scully in the context of Latin American ‘third-wave’ democracies. They posit four specific factors to examine the institutional strengths of democratic party systems. This framework is used to examine the development of the Turkish party system and the impact of the Islamist parties, especially Muslim-Democrat parties, on these processes. The bulk of this thesis uses statistical analyses of aggregate electoral as well as attitudinal survey data as well as examining the political discourse of the election manifestoes of Turkey’s Islamist and Muslim-Democrat parties using content analysis as well as discourse analysis. The findings of this analysis conclude that Muslim-Democrat parties like the AKP have indeed contributed towards party system institutionalization in Turkey both in terms of stabilizing inter-party competition and social rootedness as well as increasing the legitimacy of democratic civilian politics. In that sense, their effect on party system institutionalization has had a beneficial effect on Turkey’s democratic consolidation
Inhibition of the photoinduced structural phase transition in the excitonic insulator TaNiSe
Femtosecond time-resolved mid-infrared reflectivity is used to investigate
the electron and phonon dynamics occurring at the direct band gap of the
excitonic insulator TaNiSe below the critical temperature of its
structural phase transition. We find that the phonon dynamics show a strong
coupling to the excitation of free carriers at the \Gamma\ point of the
Brillouin zone. The optical response saturates at a critical excitation fluence
~mJ/cm due to optical absorption saturation. This
limits the optical excitation density in TaNiSe so that the system
cannot be pumped sufficiently strongly to undergo the structural change to the
high-temperature phase. We thereby demonstrate that TaNiSe exhibits a
blocking mechanism when pumped in the near-infrared regime, preventing a
nonthermal structural phase transition
Ultrafast Electronic Band Gap Control in an Excitonic Insulator
We report on the nonequilibrium dynamics of the electronic structure of the
layered semiconductor TaNiSe investigated by time- and angle-resolved
photoelectron spectroscopy. We show that below the critical excitation density
of mJ cm, the band gap transiently, while it is
above . Hartree-Fock calculations reveal that this effect can
be explained by the presence of the low-temperature excitonic insulator phase
of TaNiSe, whose order parameter is connected to the gap size. This
work demonstrates the ability to manipulate the band gap of TaNiSe with
light on the femtosecond time scale
Spatio-temporal coherent control of thermal excitations in solids
X-ray reflectivity (XRR) measurements of femtosecond laser-induced transient
gratings are applied to demonstrate the spatio-temporal coherent control of
thermally induced surface deformations on ultrafast timescales. Using gracing
incidence X-ray diffraction we unambiguously measure the amplitude of transient
surface deformations with sub-\AA{} resolution. Understanding the dynamics of
femtosecond TG excitations in terms of superposition of acoustic and thermal
gratings makes it possible to develop new ways of coherent control in X-ray
diffraction experiments. Being the dominant source of TG signal, the
long-living thermal grating with spatial period can be canceled by a
second, time-delayed TG excitation shifted by . The ultimate speed
limits of such an ultrafast X-ray shutter are inferred from the detailed
analysis of thermal and acoustic dynamics in TG experiments
Instantaneous band gap collapse in photoexcited monoclinic VO due to photocarrier doping
Using femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy we demonstrate
that photoexcitation transforms monoclinic VO quasi-instantaneously into a
metal. Thereby, we exclude an 80 femtosecond structural bottleneck for the
photoinduced electronic phase transition of VO. First-principles many-body
perturbation theory calculations reveal a high sensitivity of the VO
bandgap to variations of the dynamically screened Coulomb interaction,
supporting a fully electronically driven isostructral insulator-to-metal
transition. We thus conclude that the ultrafast band structure renormalization
is caused by photoexcitation of carriers from localized V 3d valence states,
strongly changing the screening \emph{before} significant hot-carrier
relaxation or ionic motion has occurred
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