Kebiasaan Makan dan Aktivitas Fisik Remaja Obes: Studi Kasus pada Murid Smu Kornita Bogor (Food Habit And Physical Aactivity Of Obese Adolescents: A Case Study At Smu Kornits Bogor)

The aim of this study was to explore food habit, physical activity of the obese adolescents and their views on obesity by involving interviews with obese adolescents, their mothers and their closed friends. Four obese adolescents aged 16-17 years from senior high school Kornita Bogor participated in this study. The results showed obese adolescents have unhealthy food habit and physical activity. All subjects knew the interaction their daily food habit and physical activities with their body size. Although they know the negative interaction obesity with health, but obese adolescents felt enjoy with their body size

HIV-assoziierte tuberkulöse Meningoenzephalitis als Ursache abnormen Verhaltens in Haft

Zusammenfassung: Über Art und Häufigkeit psychoorganischer Syndrome bei Inhaftierten ist wenig bekannt. Wir berichten über einen 20-jährigen, HIV-I-positiven Asylbewerber aus Schwarzafrika mit bisher unauffälliger psychiatrischer Anamnese, der in Ausschaffungshaft ein zunehmend bizarres Verhalten entwickelte. Die paranoid-halluzinatorische Verwirrtheit mit tageszeitabhängiger Ausprägung und Desorientierung führte zur Diagnose Delir. Als Ursache hierfür fand sich eine AIDS-definierende tuberkulöse Meningoenzephalitis, die spezifisch und symptomatisch behandelt wurde. Dieser Fall illustriert die Schwierigkeiten der Diagnostik und die Bedeutung der Verhaltensbeobachtung bei eingeschränkten sprachlichen Verständigungsmöglichkeiten. Bei Häftlingen mit Verhaltensauffälligkeiten sollten stets auch somatische Differenzialdiagnosen in Betracht gezogen werden. Pathogenese und Diagnostik der tuberkulösen Meningoenzephalitis werden diskutier

Einstellungen zu alten Menschen zu Beginn und am Ende des Medizinstudiums

Zusammenfassung: In der vorliegenden Studie wurden 188 Medizinstudenten des ersten und 120 des sechsten Studienjahres der Universität Zürich hinsichtlich ihrer Einstellungen zum Alter, ihrem Wissen zu alterspezifischen Vorgängen, ihren Erfahrungen mit alten Menschen und ihren eigenen Erwartungen an das Alter befragt. Eingesetzt wurden voll strukturierte, standardisierte Fragebögen. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels uni- und multivariater statistischer Methoden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, weitgehend unabhängig von Geschlecht und Studienjahr, ein positives Altersbild der Studierenden. Ihre positiven Erfahrungen mit alten Menschen und ihre positiven Erwartungen an das eigene Alter betreffen vor allem die eigene psychische Gesundheit. Für die Vermittlung von gerontologischem und geriatrischem Wissen in der Ausbildung von Medizinstudenten sollte diesen überwiegend positiven Einstellungen gegenüber älteren Menschen Rechnung getragen werden und sowohl auf Risiko- als auch auf protektive Faktoren für die Entstehung und Behandlung alterstypischer gesundheitlicher Störungen hingewiesen werde

Einstellungen zu alten Menschen zu Beginn und am Ende des Medizinstudiums

In der vorliegenden Studie wurden 188 Medizinstudenten des ersten und 120 des sechsten Studienjahres der Universität Zürich hinsichtlich ihrer Einstellungen zum Alter, ihrem Wissen zu alterspezifischen Vorgängen, ihren Erfahrungen mit alten Menschen und ihren eigenen Erwartungen an das Alter befragt. Eingesetzt wurden voll strukturierte, standardisierte Fragebögen. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels uni- und multivariater statistischer Methoden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, weitgehend unabhängig von Geschlecht und Studienjahr, ein positives Altersbild der Studierenden. Ihre positiven Erfahrungen mit alten Menschen und ihre positiven Erwartungen an das eigene Alter betreffen vor allem die eigene psychische Gesundheit. Für die Vermittlung von gerontologischem und geriatrischem Wissen in der Ausbildung von Medizinstudenten sollte diesen überwiegend positiven Einstellungen gegenüber älteren Menschen Rechnung getragen werden und sowohl auf Risiko- als auch auf protektive Faktoren für die Entstehung und Behandlung alterstypischer gesundheitlicher Störungen hingewiesen werden. = In the present study, 188 first year and 120 sixth year students of the University of Zurich were questioned about their attitudes towards older people, their knowledge concerning aging specific developments, their experiences with older people and their own expectations concerning old age. Structured and standardized questionnaires were used. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical methods. The results show a positive image of old age independent of gender and point in time of education. Their positive experiences with older people and their positive expectations concern their own aging refer, above all, to their own mental health. For the transfer of gerontological and geriatric knowledge in the education of medical students, these mainly positive attitudes towards older people should be taken into account. Risk factors as well as protective factors concerning the development and treatment of diseases which are characteristic for old age should be pointed out

Krueppel-Like Factor 4 Expression in Phagocytes Regulates Early Inflammatory Response and Disease Severity in Pneumococcal Pneumonia

The transcription factor Krueppel-like factor (KLF) 4 fosters the pro-inflammatory immune response in macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) when stimulated with Streptococcus pneumoniae, the main causative pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Here, we investigated the impact of KLF4 expression in myeloid cells such as macrophages and PMNs on inflammatory response and disease severity in a pneumococcal pneumonia mouse model and in patients admitted to hospital with CAP. We found that mice with a myeloid-specific knockout of KLF4 mount an insufficient early immune response with reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL) 10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma and an impaired bacterial clearance from the lungs 24 hours after infection with S. pneumoniae. This results in higher rates of bacteremia, increased lung tissue damage, more severe symptoms of infection and reduced survival. Higher KLF4 gene expression levels in the peripheral blood of patients with CAP at hospital admission correlate with a favourable clinical presentation (lower sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score), lower serum levels of IL-10 at admission, shorter hospital stay and lower mortality or requirement of intensive care unit treatment within 28 days after admission. Thus, KLF4 in myeloid cells such as macrophages and PMNs is an important regulator of the early proinflammatory immune response and, therefore, a potentially interesting target for therapeutic interventions in pneumococcal pneumonia

Suicide prevention for youth - a mental health awareness program: lessons learned from the Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE) intervention study.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The Awareness program was designed as a part of the EU-funded Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE) intervention study to promote mental health of adolescents in 11 European countries by helping them to develop problem-solving skills and encouraging them to self-recognize the need for help as well as how to help peers in need. METHODS: For this descriptive study all coordinators of the SEYLE Awareness program answered an open-ended evaluation questionnaire at the end of the project implementation. Their answers were synthesized and analyzed and are presented here. RESULTS: The results show that the program cultivated peer understanding and support. Adolescents not only learned about mental health by participating in the Awareness program, but the majority of them also greatly enjoyed the experience. CONCLUSIONS: Recommendations for enhancing the successes of mental health awareness programs are presented. Help and cooperation from schools, teachers, local politicians and other stakeholders will lead to more efficacious future programs

Neurophysiology

Contains research objectives and reports on nine research projects.The Teagle Foundation, Inc.U.S. Air Force (Aeronautical Systems Division) under Contract AF33(616)-7783Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc.National Institutes of Health [Grant M-4235-(C1)]National Institutes of Health (Grant B-1865-(C3))National Institutes of Health (Grant MP-4737)National Institutes of Health (Grant B-2480(C1)

Performance/mathematics: a dramatisation of mathematical methods

This essay conceptualises the notion of performance mathematics in terms of a paradoxical relationship with the constructed notion of truth, which is shared by theatrical and mathematical performance. Specifically, I argue that these two disciplines can and cannot be reconciled with truthfulness. Grounding my comparison on the notion of an axiomatic method common to both disciplines, I argue that theatrical and mathematical performance can speak of truths only when these truths are properly staged or methodologically grounded according to the internal rules and conditions laid out by each discipline. But in the same way that these truths can be constructed, or they can be done, so they can be undone. Arguing that mathematics can be described as a performance of specific outcomes involving abstract objects and functions, I trace a cross-disciplinary comparative analysis of performance elements (especially axioms and functions), drawing on a number of theatre and mathematical theories. Some suggestions are also put forward in terms of the connection between the performance of mathematised texts and computational mathematics, particularly in terms of an inherent poetics and theatricality inside the performance-oriented, mathematised languages of digital computing

Peer victimization and its impact on adolescent brain development and psychopathology

Chronic peer victimization has long-term impacts on mental health; however, the biological mediators of this adverse relationship are unknown. We sought to determine whether adolescent brain development is involved in mediating the effect of peer victimization on psychopathology. We included participants (n = 682) from the longitudinal IMAGEN study with both peer victimization and neuroimaging data. Latent profile analysis identified groups of adolescents with different experiential patterns of victimization. We then associated the victimization trajectories and brain volume changes with depression, generalized anxiety, and hyperactivity symptoms at age 19. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed time-by victimization interactions on left putamen volume (F = 4.38, p = 0.037). Changes in left putamen volume were negatively associated with generalized anxiety (t = −2.32, p = 0.020). Notably, peer victimization was indirectly associated with generalized anxiety via decreases in putamen volume (95% CI = 0.004–0.109). This was also true for the left caudate (95% CI = 0.002–0.099). These data suggest that the experience of chronic peer victimization during adolescence might induce psychopathology-relevant deviations from normative brain development. Early peer victimization interventions could prevent such pathological changes