A New Intervention Procedure for Improving Classroom Behavior of Neglected Children: Say Do Say Correspondence Training

Although neglect is the most common form of child maltreatment, a review of the literature since 1980 reveals a lack of controlled child neglect intervention programs. The aim of this study is to assess a new intervention program to improve the classroom behavior of children exposed to neglect only, by reducing disruptive conduct and promoting adaptive conduct. Two matched groups were selected with children of the same ages, sex, and social class (cultural and economic level) and with mothers of similar ages. The experimental group comprised of five children suffering from neglect and no other type of maltreatment. The control group had five children not abused or neglected. All the children were in the same class at school. The percentage of time per session that each child spent engaged in disruptive behavior was measured (baseline) and was found significantly higher among neglected children. Say-Do-Say Correspondence Training was applied with the neglected children and a rapid, significant reduction in their disruptive behavior was observed (and statistically confirmed), bringing such behavior down to the level of the control (i.e., non-neglected) children. These results were maintained when the intervention was halted. We concluded that the adaptive and classroom behavior of neglected children can be improved with this non-intrusive intervention

Heritage cross-disciplinarity. The Arquitectura Textos de Doctorado collection

Readers are introduced to the most recent titles from the collection ARQUITECTURA - TEXTOS DE DOCTORADO, published jointly by the University Institute of Architecture and Building Science (IUACC) and Editorial Universidad de Sevilla since 1997. The seven titles are the result of doctoral theses awarded by the IUACC. All of them share a cross-disciplinary approach touching upon architecture, landscape, and immobile heritage (architectural, archaeological or landscape) and are highly relevant to readers with an interest in heritage conservation: Cartografías del espacio oculto. Welbeck Estate en Inglaterra y otros espacios by Tomás García (2018); Francesco Venezia, John Hejduk y el arte de la memoria by Gabriel Bascones (2018); Topografías arquitectónicas en el paisaje contemporáneo by Carlos Rodríguez (2019); La forma plástica de la estructura. Expresividad del hecho resistente by Félix Suárez (2019); Paisajes patrimoniales en coexistencia by Sagrario Fernández Raga (2020); Arquitectura de los pantanos en España by Eduard Callís Freixas (2021) and Un cliente y un arquitecto: Jan Antonín Bat’a y Le Corbusier by Jaime Prior (2022). All of these clearly show the interest of the authors in the dissemination of cross-disciplinary awareness of the heritage identity of architecture and the need for in-depth research and preservation

Perceptual Styles and Cannabis Consumption Prediction in Young People

Given that risk perception has been found to be both a vulnerability and a protective factor with respect to consumption, the objectives of this study were to find out whether there exist specific patterns of risk perception associated with cannabis use and, if so, how they relate to cannabis consumption and to the sources of information on drugs accessed by young people. An ex post facto study was carried out with 1851 young Andalusians aged 18 to 29, using an adaptation of the Andalusian Government “Andalusian Population versus Drugs” survey. For the first objective, a cluster analysis was carried out in which three perceptual style groups were formed: “Strict”, “Permissive-Awareness” and “Lax”. Cannabis use in the “lax” group was found to be 14.31 times more frequent than in the “strict” group and 2.75 times more frequent than in the “permissive-awareness” group. A logistic regression analysis was also performed, which correctly predicted 80.4% of users and non-consumers. Correlation was found between perceptual styles and the sources of information used about drugs. This study identified three different risk perception styles that heavily correlated to cannabis consumption and to the type of sources young Andalusians use to obtain information about drugs, suggesting the need for a change in preventive policy

Synergistic effect of two formulations of hypochlorous acid in the treatment of 346 chronic ulcers

Our objective was to assess the efficacy of two successive applications of hypochlorous acid, first as a liquid and then as a gel because liquid hypochlorous acid is effective but has little residual effect, while the gel form has more residual power, and compare it with that of other products. An experimental non-randomised study was carried out, treating 346 chronic ulcers in 220 patients. The antiseptic treatment has been divided into ‘hypochlorous acid’ (Clortech), ‘hypochlorous acid liquid + gel’ (Clortech + Microdacyn60R-hydrogel) and ‘Others’ (Prontosan or Chlorhexidine or Microdacyn60R-hydrogel). Bivariate and multivariate studies analysed the characteristics of the patients and their ulcers, including size, symptoms, signs, treatments received and their duration, and so on. The ulcers were complicated, of long evolution, and most had a vascular origin. On average, antiseptic treatment lasted 14 weeks. At the time of their discharge, or last treatment in the clinics, 59% of the ulcers had healed completely, 9.5% worsened, and 6.9% had become infected during this period. In the bivariate and multivariate studies, we took as reference the ‘others’ treatments that showed no significant differences in healing time or infection rates compared with liquid hypochlorous acid 100–500 mg/L alone. However, hypochlorous acid liquid + gel showed a synergistic effect, with a higher probability of achieving complete healing (four times) and a lower probability of infection (a fifth), compared to the ‘other’ antiseptics. In conclusion, a synergistic effect was found with the successive application of hypochlorous acid in liquid followed by gel, an effect that increased healing probability and decreased the risk of the ulcer becoming infecte

The Effectiveness of Day Hospitals in the Personal Recovery of Mental Disorder Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: In recent years, a new recovery model has gained ground in which recovery is understood as a process of change where individuals are able to improve their health and wellbeing, lead self-sufficient lives and strive to achieve their maximum potential (personal recovery). Despite the existence of data regarding the effectiveness of mental health day hospitals (MHDHs) in reducing relapses in terms of hospital admissions and emergencies, no studies have to date assessed how this change affected the new personal recovery model. Objectives: To verify the effectiveness of MHDHs in improving personal recovery processes among people with mental disorders (MDs). Methods: A prospective cohort study. A group of patients receiving follow-up at MHDHs was compared with another group of patients receiving follow-up in other therapeutic units over a period of three months. Results: Patient recovery at the MHDHs, assessed using the Individual Recovery Outcomes Counter (I.ROC), was found to be significantly better than that of patients attended in other units. Conclusions: MHDHs can contribute to the recovery of people with MDs. This is particularly important at a time when some patients may have experienced impediments to their recovery processes due to the pandemic

Subjective well-being and vulnerability related to problematic Internet use among university students with and without disabilities: A comparative study

This study aims to observe whether people with disabilitiesexperience problematic Internet use (PIU) like that of youngpeople without disabilities; to relate PIU to psychological dis-tress in young disabled people and to determine whether theseproblems are similar to or different from those experienced byyoung people without disabilities. The sample comprised 408university students with disabilities and 1386 university stu-dents without disabilities from several Spanish universities. PIUwas evaluated using theInternet Addiction Test(IAT) and psy-chological distress was evaluated using theClinical Outcomes inRoutine Evaluation‐Outcome Measure(CORE‐OM). The groupof university students with disabilities showed less PIU thanthe nondisabled students, but the worst scores in variablesreferencing psychological discomfort were found among thosestudents with disabilities who also had PIU. Although the re-sults are not completely generalizable, PIU is related to biggerproblems in disabled people for whom it represents a higherrisk than for people without disabilities

Revisión de la técnica "el juego del buen comportamiento"

El Juego del Buen Comportamiento, JBC (Good behavior Game, GBG), tiene como objetivo fundamental reducir la frecuencia de determinados comportamientos disruptivos en el aula como gritar, pelearse, interrumpir, etc. Dichos comportamientos se caracterizan por ser funcionales en ciertos contextos como el recreo o el juego libre entre compañeros, y disfuncionales en situaciones educativas. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una revisión sobre todos los trabajos que han contribuido a mejorar la eficacia de este procedimiento, con la intención de darlo a conocer y promover estudios que indaguen en sus limitaciones (generalización y mantenimiento). Para ello, se presentan los aspectos generales del juego: organización de la clase, criterios para el refuerzo, dónde y cuánto tiempo dura el juego, tipo de refuerzos recibidos, comportamientos disruptivos a tratar; y las diferentes aplicaciones que se han realizado del mismo. A modo de conclusión, parece que este procedimiento se presenta muy eficaz para reducir la frecuencia de comportamientos disruptivos en contextos educativosThe Good Behavior Game (GBG), has as main objective to reduce the frequency of disruptive behavior in the class like: shauting, fighting, in terrupting, etc. These behaviors are characterized by being functional in certain contexts Iike the playground or the free-game among partners and disfunctional in instructiona/-academic settings. The main aim of this article is to make a review about the published works that have contributed to implement its efficacy, and to promote some pieces of work that deals with their limits (generalization and management). The general aspects of the game are presented, class organization, support criteria where and how long the game willlast, kind of support or reinforcements received, behavio'ur disruptive to deal with and the different applications that the Good Behavior Game. To conclude, it seems that this procedure is presented very efficiently in order to reduce the frequency of disruptive behaviour in educational context

Sintomas do assédio psicológico no ambito educativo

The present study tries to analyse the possible relationship between psychological harassment and determined psychosocial factors such as burnout, with its related factors of emotional tiredness, depersonalisation and personal fulfilment, type A behaviour pattern and its factors related to impatience, competitiveness, overload and hostility, psychological wellbeing in the work setting or general stress in social and work settings. Different standardised questionnaires were given to a sample of 220 teachers (93 males and 127 females) so that information could be collected about the aforementioned factors and other epidemiological data. The results revealed the existence of a significant relationship between psychological harassment and most predictive factors. A model able to predict 24.3% of variance regarding psychological harassment, consisting of variables regarding depersonalisation, hostility and stress was also establishedEl presente estudio se propone analizar la posible relación existente entre el acoso psicológico y determinados factores psicosociales como el burnout con sus factores cansancio emocional, despersonalización y realización personal, el patrón de conducta tipo A y sus factores impaciencia, competitividad, sobrecarga y hostilidad, el bienestar psicológico en el ambiente de trabajo o el estrés general en el ámbito socio – laboral. Con una muestra de 220 profesores (93 hombres y 127 mujeres) se recoge, mediante diversos cuestionarios estandarizados, información sobre los factores anteriormente descritos y otros datos de tipo epidemiológico. Los resultados muestran la existencia de una relación significativa entre el acoso psicológico y la mayoría de los factores predictores. Además se establece un modelo capaz de predecir el 24,3% de la varianza con respecto al acoso psicológico, compuesto por las variables despersonalización, hostilidad y estré

Relación entre estilos educativos familiares y la inclusión en Programas Diversificación Curricular: un elemento a considerar para la mejora de la convivencia escolar

Este estudio tiene como objetivo principal estudiar las diferencias existentes referidas a estilos educativos familiares, del alumnado inserto en Programas de Diversificación Curricular comparado con el alumnado que cursa el plan ordinario. Para ello se ha realizado un estudio ex post facto retrospectivo con grupo cuasi control, en el que han participado un total de 178 adolescentes (chicas 42.5 %), con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y 18 años. Los resultados obtenidos muestran como los distintos niveles de control, afecto, comunicación y humor podrían influir en la inclusión de estas medidas de atención a la diversidad para disminuir el fracaso escolar. De esta forma la probabilidad de tener menor fracaso académico sería el resultado de tener una educación familiar basada en la comunicación, el respeto y el afecto, combinada con dosis de control y establecimiento de límites, impregnado de sentido de humor y optimismo.The primary objective of this study is to examine existing educational style differences of those referred to the Curricular Diversification Program compared to the students coursing an ordinary plan. For this, a retrospective ex post facto study has been completed with a quasi-control group; in which a total of 178 adolescents (girls 42.5%) between the ages of 13 and 18 have participated. Results have been obtained could demonstrate varied levels of control, affect, communication, and humor that could influence with the inclusion of these diversified measures to decrease failure in school. In this manner, the probability of having a lower academic failure would be the result of family education based on communication, respect, and affect; combined with a dose of control and limit setting while submerged in sense of humor and optimism

La agresividad en la infancia: el estilo de crianza parental como factor relacionado

El presente estudio se propone analizar la posible relación existente entre la agresividad en los niños medida por sus padres a través del BASC (Sistema de Evaluación de la Conducta de Niños y Adolescentes) y el estilo de crianza según el PCRI (Cuestionario de Crianza Parental) compuesto por siete factores: apoyo, satisfacción con la crianza, compromiso, comunicación, disciplina, autonomía y distribución de rol, en una muestra de 338 niños (182 niños y 156 niñas) entre 3 y 14 años. Los resultados muestran la existencia de una relación significativa entre la agresividad en los niños y la mayoría de los factores del estilo de crianza parental. Además se establece un modelo capaz de predecir el 27% de la varianza con respecto a la agresividad en los niños, compuesto por la disciplina de ambos progenitores, el compromiso y la satisfacción con la crianza de los padres y la autonomía de las madres. Finalmente se discute la utilidad de estos resultados para el planteamiento de estrategias de intervención en el ámbito familiar basadas en el estilo disciplinarioThis current study proposes to analyse the possible relationship which exists between aggression in children reported by parents through the BASC (Behaviour Assessment System for Children), and the parenting style according to the PCRI (Parent-Child Relationship Inventory) composed of seven factors such as support, satisfaction with parenting, involvement, communication, limit setting, autonomy granting, and role orientation, in a sample of 338 children (182 male & 156 female) between 3 and 14 years old. The results show the existence of a significant relationship between aggression in children and the majority of the parenting factors. Furthermore, a model is established which is able to predict 27% of the variance with respect to aggression in children, made up by limit setting from both parents, involvement and satisfaction with parenting from the fathers, and autonomy granting from the mothers. Finally, the utility of results to raise intervention strategies within the family based on limit setting is discusse