Synthesis and Mesomorphism of an Homologous Series of Ionic Polycatenar Liquid Crystals based on the N- Phenylpyridinium Moiety

An homologous series of ionic polycatenar liquid crystals based on the N-phenylpyridinium motif was prepared with triflate, triflimide, octylsulfate and dodecylsulfate anions. Triflate and the alkylsulfate salts gave rise to a SmA phase in short-chain homologues due to an increase in the core volume by the associated anion; observation of a SmA phase is extremely rare in polycatenar mesogens. It was also found that the columnar mesophases of longer-chain homologues was stabilised significantly compared to the SmA phase (70 °C with a triflate anion) and that this observation is characteristic of all ionic polycatenar materials studied within this thesis. The triflimide salts behaved differently and all homologues formed a columnar rectangular mesophase. The effect of added solvent on the mesomorphism of the N-phenylpyridinium ions was investigated and it was found that a range of mesophases were induced. It was postulated that small, polar, aprotic solvents such as DMSO associated at the polar core of the cation, increasing the effective core volume and leading to the induction of a lamellar phase when the dry material was columnar. In contrast, long-chain alcohols and linear alkanes were regarded as concentrating in the apolar terminal chains to increase the effective chain volume, so promoting mesophases with curvature (cubic and columnar). Preferential solvent location can readily be rationalised on the basis of the amphiphilic nature of the N-phenylpyridinium salts. Finally, a series of phenylpyridine complexes of silver(I) were prepared and their mesomorphism was compared both with the N-phenylpyridinium salts and with the stilbazole complexes of silver(I). Once the difference in size and shape of the ligands was accounted parallels were observed between the two families of complexes, but comparison with the N-phenylpyridinium salts revealed both the strong influence in the way in which the anion is accommodated and also the formally ionic nature of the materials

A computational model for geomagnetically trapped particle shells and kinematic parameters Technical report, Oct. 1965 - Jun. 1966

Computer program to calculate geomagnetically trapped particle shell model, drift rate, and bounce path

Modest Surrealism: An Explanation of “Success” in the Sciences

poster abstractThe contemporary scientific realism debate centers around the realist’s claim that successful scientific theories are at least approximately true. Realists, such as Hilary Putnam justify this claim by arguing that it would be a miracle were our successful scientific theories not at least approximately true. Denying the possibility of miracles, the scientific realist must defend a theory’s approximate truth as the only possible explanation for its success. Anti-realist Bas van Fraassen responds to the realist’s argument by offering a Darwinian explanation for the success of scientific theories, an explanation that involves neither truth nor miracles: we have successful theories because we reject those that do not succeed. Realists object that – although van Fraassen’s alternative may explain why we have successful theories – it fails to explain why any particular theory is successful. Striking at realism from another direction, Larry Laudan offers a list of historically successful scientific theories that are not even approximately true. Faced with a list of such false yet successful theories, while nonetheless seeking an explanation for the success of particular theories, one is pressed to find some alternative explanation of success that does not appeal to a theory’s approximate truth. Timothy Lyons presents one such alternative explanation which he terms modest surrealism. In contrast with van Fraassen’s Darwinian explanation, modest surrealism is put forward as an explanation of the success of individual theories. It claims that the mechanisms postulated by the theory would, if actual, bring about all relevant phenomena observed and some yet to be observed at time t; and these phenomena are brought about by actual mechanisms in the world. I critically analyze modest surrealism, exploring its strengths and weaknesses against competing explanations. Doing so, I apply modest surrealism to a host of successful scientific theories, revealing its potential application to the sciences and their history

Buffering ability of several compounds in vitro, and the effect of a selected buffer combination on ruminal acid production in vivo

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1978 H47Master of Scienc

Bounds for spatially nonhomogeneous model Boltzmann energy equations

AbstractThe Boltzmann energy equation, formulated as a spatially homogeneous model, is generalized by means of an additional convection term. The solution of the new equation depends on time, position, and energy in the bounded interval [0, X]. Under suitable assumptions, an upper bound is supplied by use of the theory of differential and integral inequalities

Fall 2007 Visiting Speaker Series

Speakers include: Andrew Herod, University of Georgia. Fighting Communism through Urban Planning: The AFL-CIO\u27s Housing Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean during the 1960sJan Bardsley, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Princess, Geisha, Beauty Queen: Women and Democracy in Cold War JapanDonald N. Clark, Trinity University. The Two Koreas: Lessons from the Past, Hope for the Futurehttps://egrove.olemiss.edu/croft_spe/1000/thumbnail.jp

D’une Géographie du Travail à une Géographie des travailleurs et travailleuses : les arrangements spatiaux par et pour le travail dans la géographie du capitalisme

La géographie économique néoclassique mainstream et sa critique marxiste ont largement échoué à intégrer des conceptions actives de la classe ouvrière dans leurs explications de la localisation des activités économiques. Les approches néoclassiques tendent à considérer les travailleurs comme de simples facteurs de localisation, tandis que les approches marxistes se concentrent principalement sur la manière dont le capital structure le paysage économique dans sa recherche du profit et relèguent souvent le travail au statut de « capital variable ». Les deux approches présentent des Géographies du travail. Elles n'ont pas vraiment examiné la manière dont les travailleurs et travailleuses tentent de créer des paysages industriels. En revanche, je soutiens que les travailleurs et travailleuses s'intéressent à la manière dont la géographie économique du capitalisme est élaborée ; par conséquent, ils et elles cherchent à imposer ce que nous pourrions appeler un « arrangement spatial par et pour les travailleurs et travailleuses » et jouent ainsi un rôle actif dans la géographie du capitalisme. En faire l’analyse permet d'intégrer une conception plus active des travailleurs en tant qu'agents géographiques dans la compréhension de la production de l'espace sous le capitalisme. Reconnaître l'importance des efforts des travailleurs et travailleuses pour créer ces arrangements spatiaux permet de théoriser la manière dont ils et elles tentent de faire de l'espace une partie intégrante de leur existence sociale (une Géographie des travailleurs et travailleuses) et donc d'écrire des géographies économiques moins axées sur le capital.Mainstream neoclassical economic geography and its Marxist critique have largely failed to incorporate active conceptions of working class people in their explanations of the location of economic activities. Neoclassical approaches tend to conceive of workers simply as factors of location, whereas Marxist approaches primarily focus on how capital structures the economic landscape in its search for profit and frequently relegate labor to the status of “variable capital.” Both approaches present Geographies of Labor. They have not really examined how workers try to make industrial landscapes. In contrast, I argue that workers have an interest in how the economic geography of capitalism is made; consequently, they seek to impose what we might call “labor's spatial fix” and so play an active role in the unevenly developed geography of capitalism. Examining how workers try to develop their own spatial fixes allows us to incorporate a more active sense of workers as geographical agents into understandings of the production of space under capitalism. Recognizing that workers' efforts to create “labor's spatial fix” are significant allows us to theorize how workers attempt to make space as an integral part of their social existence (a Labor Geography) and so to write less capital-oriented economic geographies