PEMETAAN DAN MONITORING DISTRIBUSI BAGAN TANCAP MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI GOOGLE EARTH DI PERAIRAN TAPANULI TENGAH-SIBOLGA SUMATERA UTARA

Bagan tancap merupakan alat penangkapan ikan yang banyak di temukan di perairan Tapanuli Tengah dan Kota Sibolga. Informasi sebaran bagan tancap di perairan Tapanuli Tengah dan Sibolga sangat diperlukan sebagai dasar untuk memonitoring keberlanjutan dan keberadaan alat tangkap ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan teknologi penginderaan jauh (Google Earth) untuk memetakan dan memonitoring jumlah bagan tancap di perairan Tapanuli Tengah dan Sibolga. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode digitasi hasil citra pada Google Earth. Berdasarkan hasil digitasi, menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun 2005, sebanyak 137 unit Bagan Tancap berdistribusi di perairan kecamatan Tapian Nauli, Kolang, Sibolga Utara, Sarudik dan Pandan.  Tahun 2010 terdapat 443 unit dengan penambahan jumlah distribusi Bagan Tancap di perairan kecamatan Sarudik. Tahun 2015 terdapat 475 unit dan tahun 2019 terdapat 696 unit yang terdistribusi hingga di perairan kecamatan Barus, Sosorgadong dan Sorkam Barat. Hasil monitoring menunjukkan bahwa alat tangkap bagan tancap di perairan Tapanuli Tengah- Sibolga mengalami pertambahan dari tahun ke tahun. Pada tahun 2005 ke 2010 dapat dilihat terjadi penambahan jumlah unit alat tangkap bagan tancap yaitu 306 unit. Rentang satu dekade yaitu dari tahun 2005 ke 2015 terjadi penambahan sekitar 338 unit. Penambahan drastis terjadi dari tahun 2005 ke 2019 yaitu 559 unit, sedangkan penambahan yang paling sedikit dari tahun 2010 ke 2015 yaitu 32 unit. Pada tahun 2010 ke 2019 terjadi penambahan sekitar 253 unit dan dari tahun 2015 ke 2019 terjadi penambahan dengan jumlah 221 unit.Bamboo Platform Lift Net is fishing gear that is commonly found in the waters of Tapanuli Tengah and Sibolga. They are information on the distribution needed as a basis for monitoring the sustainability and existence of this fishing gear. The purpose of this study is to utilize remote sensing technology (Google Earth) to mapping and monitoring the number of Bamboo Platform Lift Net in the waters of Tapanuli Tengah and Sibolga. The method used is the digitization method of image Google Earth. The result based on the digitization, it showed that in 2005, 137 units of Bamboo Platform Lift Net were distributed in the waters of Tapian Nauli, Kolang, North Sibolga, Sarudik, and Pandan districts. In 2010 there were 443 units with an additional number of distribution of Bamboo Platform Lift Net in the waters of the Sarudik district. In 2015 there were 475 units and in 2019 there were 696 units distributed up to the waters of Barus, Sosorgadong, and West Sorkam. The monitoring results showed that the Bamboo Platform Lift Net has increased annually. From 2005 to 2010 it could be seen that there was an increase in the number of fishing gear units, which were 306 units. The range a decade 2005 to 2015, there was an addition of about 338 units. Drastic additions occurred from 2005 to 2019, namely 559 units, while the least additions from 2010 to 2015 were 32 units. From 2010 to 2019 there was an increase of about 253 units and from 2015 to 2019 there was an increase with 221 units

Finite Element Analysis for Stress Distribution in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack

The component design of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) considerably affects pressure distribution in the PEMFC stack by creating uniform and effective pressure distribution. Assembly and component designs are essential in the PEMFC system to achieve optimal performance and durability of the PEMFC stack. Inadequate pressure in the stacking process can damage the cells and cause leakage and contact resistance. Moreover, an uneven distribution of pressure produces hot spots that can damage the system. Achieving the optimal design with reduced production cost requires pressure distribution simulation during the assembly. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to analyze system behavior with pressure variation during assembly by using Autodesk Inventory software. This study discussed the geometric modeling and FEA of the tensile distribution of the PEMFC stack. The detailed components reported on the geometry, dimensions, and mechanical properties of PEMFC components, such as membranes, gas diffusion layers, end plates, and bipolar plates. Results from the simulations showed no significant difference in the deformation of cells in the PEMFC stack, with changes in tensile distribution

Simulation of PEMFC stack for portable power generator application

Generally, it is possible to reduce the size, cost, and parasitic loss of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system with an air-cooled system, open cathode and self-humidifying stack for portable fuel cell application. In order to ensure the that PEMFC stack applicable for portable fuel cell application, a mathematical model is useful tool for saving design cost, giving a better system design and operation. Therefore, this study is focused on developing a simplified zero-dimensional mathematical model for self-humidifying and open cathode 200W PEMFC stack for portable fuel cell generator application. The mathematical equations are modelled by using Matlab-Simulink tools in order to simulate the operation of the developed mode. This simulation is then compared to a commercially 200W Horizon PEMFC stack (H-200) for data validation purposes. The air inlet flow rate is chosen to test the sensitivity of the fuel cell stack model. The air inlet stoichiometry of 2, 5, 20, and 50 was varied to generate a different air inlet flow rate. Based on the simulation, air inlet stoichiometry above 15 is sufficient to produce a high output stack voltage. However, in a real operation of the H-200 fuel cell stack system needs air inlet stoichiometry at about 20 because a fan is used to supply air and also the cooling system. High anode and cathode relative humidity result in a high output stack voltage. However, it is better to increase the anode relative humidity than cathode relative humidity to get high output stack voltage

Static stress analysis of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and gasket in Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack assembly pressure

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system was an electrochemical device that generates electricity through the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen without combustion. Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) stacks typically consisted of components combined into one unit and equipped with suitable clamping torque. This was to prevent reactant gas leakage and minimize the contact resistance between the gas diffusion medium and the bipolar plate. The combined components consisted of a bipolar plate with a flow field, current collector, membrane electrode assembly (MEA), endplate, and gasket. PEMFC performance was measured concerning its power output, which depends on temperature and the operating pressure. Various efforts had been made to determine the optimal compaction pressure and its distribution through simulations and experiments. Therefore, this research analyzed the static stress of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and gasket in PEMFC stack assembly pressure. The components’ geometric dimensions and mechanical properties, such as endplates, current collectors, bipolar plates, MEAs, and gaskets, were combined for electricity. Pressure-sensitive film (Fuji measure film prescale) was also used to visualize contact pressure distribution between the MEA and the bipolar plate. The result showed that the color variation of the pressure film indicates the exact distribution of pressure entering the stacking design and the contact image. In conclusion, the detailed contact pressure distribution was an important influence on heat transfer processes and local electrochemical reactions in cell stacks

Pengolahan Data PPJB-KOCE (Panen, Pengolahan dan Jual-Beli Komoditas Cengkeh) pada Basis Data dengan User Interface Berbasis Web

Basis data merupakan solusi alternatif untuk menjawab masalah pengolahan data termasuk data terkait kegiatan PPJB-KOCE (panen, pengolahan, serta jual-beli komoditas cengkeh). Menggunakan user interface yang berbasis web akan dapat memudahkan petani dan pedagang untuk memahami bagaimana mengelola basis data. Penelitian ini mengembangkan dan menjelaskan sistem basis data lengkap dengan user interface yang dapat digunakan petani maupun pedagang dalam mengelola data komoditas cengkeh terkait kegiatan panen, pengolahan, serta jual-beli. Adapun tahapan pengembangan sistem basis data dan user interface berbasis web secara garis besar di bagi dalam 2 (dua) fase, yaitu: Pengembangan Basis Data, dan Pengembangan User Interface berbasis Web. Setiap fase terdiri dari 3 (tiga) tahap, yaitu: analisis kebutuhan, Perancangan,  dan Pengkodean Penelitian ini juga menjelaskan konsep matematika dalam sistem basis data yang dihasilkan

Optimalisasi Guru Menggunakan Quiz Creator dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar IPS Siswa di MTs. Sepit Lombok Timur

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dua hal yang mengarah kepada penggunaan media pembelajaran wondershare quiz creator, yaitu optimalisasi guru dalam proses pembelajaran, dan minat belajar IPS bagi siswa kelas VIIIb MTs. Al-amin NW Sepit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan model analisis data Milles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa secara umum guru di MTs Al-amin NW Sepit tidak pernah menggunakan media pembelajaran IT dan khususnya bagi guru mata pelajaran IPS terpadu kelas VIIIb, Hal ini dikarenakan oleh beberapa faktor: (a) guru mata pelajaran IPS terpadu tidak mengenal media pembelajaran IT dalam hal  ini  wondershare  quiz  creator,  (b)  tidak  adanya  sarana  yang  menunjang pembelajaran menggunakan media pembelajaran IT seperti LCD, (c) keterbatasan informasi bagi guru dalam hal pengembagan media berbasis IT, dan (d) guru tidak pernah mengikuti pelatihan media pembelajaran. Hadirnya media pembelajaran wondershare quiz creator memberikan dampak yang positif terhadap proses pembelajaran baik itu yang dirasakan oleh guru maupun siswa. Bagi guru penggunaan media wondershare quiz creator dirasakan sangat bermanfaat, karena selama proses mengajar menggunakan media pembelajaran wondershare quiz creator guru dapat mengoptimalkan proses pembelajaran.  Bagi siswa sendiri penggunaan media pembelajaran wondershare quiz creator dalam proses belajar dirasakan mampu meningkatkan minat belajar

Effects of Die Configuration on the Electrical Conductivity of Polypropylene Reinforced Milled Carbon Fibers: An Application on a Bipolar Plate

Die configurations, filler orientations, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of polypropylene reinforced milled carbon fibers were studied as functions of their manufacturing processes. Series of manufacturing processes often deteriorate the material properties, hence, finding a suitable process aid is key to improving the electrical and mechanical properties of composite materials. Compared with the conventional manufacturing process, extrusion is a key process in the production of a highly conductive composite. A twin-screw extruder was used at a temperature of 230 °C and a rotational speed of 50 rpm before the compression molding process was carried out at 200 °C and 13 kPa. This research examined different die configurations, namely rod and sheet dies. The results indicated that the rod dies showed better mechanical properties and electrical conductivity with 25 MPa and 5 S/cm compared to the sheet dies. Moreover, rod dies are able to orientate to 86° and obtain longest filler length with 55 μm compared to the sheet dies. The alteration of the filler orientation in the produced material at a high shear rate further enhanced the electrical conductivity of the material

Performance Analysis of PEMFC with Single-Channel and Multi-Channels on the Impact of the Geometrical Model

A low-performance fuel cell significantly hinders the application and commercialization of fuel cell technology. Computational fluid dynamics modeling could predict and evaluate the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with less time consumption and cost-effectiveness. PEMFC performance is influenced by the distribution of reactants, water, heat, and current density. An uneven distribution of reactants leads to the localization of current density that produces heat and water, which are the by-products of the reaction to be concentrated at the location. The simplification of model geometry can affect performance prediction. Numerical investigations are commonly validated with experimental results to validate the method’s accuracy. Poor prediction of PEMFC results has not been discussed. Thus, this study aims to predict the effect of geometry modeling on fuel cell performance. Two contrasting 3D model dimensions, particularly singlechannel and small-scale seven-channel models were employed. Both 3D models are correlated with a multi-channel model to assess the effect of modeling dimension on the PEMFC performance. Similar stoichiometry and channel dimensions were imposed on each model, where theoretically, the PEMFC performance should be identical. The simulation findings showed that the single-channel model produced a higher current density per cm2 . From the contours of water and current density, the single-channel model does not show flow distribution. Thus, this leads to a higher current density generation than the small-scale model. The prediction of PEMFC performance is not thorough for the single-channel model. Therefore, the prediction of PEMFC performance is adaptable in a small-scale or comprehensive flow field

PORTABLE PEM FUEL CELL SYSTEM: WATER AND HEAT MANAGEMENT

Portable polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell power generator is a PEM fuel cell application that is used as an external charger to supply the demand for high energy. Different environments at various ambient temperatures and humidity levels affect the performance of PEM fuel cell power generators. Thermal and water management in portable PEM fuel cells are a critical technical barrier for the commercialization of this technology. The size and weight of the portable PEM fuel cells used for thermal and water management systems that determine the performance of portable PEM fuel cells also need to be considered. The main objective of this paper review was to determine the importance of water and thermal management systems in portable PEM fuel cells. Additionally, this review investigated heat transfer and water transport in PEM fuel cells. Given that portable PEM fuel cells with different powers require different thermal and water management systems, this review also discussed and compared management systems for low-, medium-, and high-power portable PEM fuel cells